Isihloko
I-methylene blue yezilonda zomlomo nomphimbo obuhlungu: okusekelwa ubufakazi
Ucwaningo nge-methylene blue alusunguli ukwelashwa okuvamile kwasekhaya kwesilonda somlomo esivamile noma komphimbo obuhlungu. Izifundo ngezingxube zokugeza umlomo ezinqunywa udokotela ngenxa yobuhlungu obubangelwa ukwelashwa komdlavuza, kanye nezifundo ezihlanganisa udayi nemishini yokukhanya yamazinyo, ziphathelene nezimo nezindlela zokwelapha ezihlukene. Azikwazi ukuqinisekisa ukufaneleka kokugcoba isilonda esingakaziwa ukuthi siyini ngengxube ethengwa esitolo.
Umbuzo wokuqala owusizo uthi yini ebangela ubuhlungu. Isilonda esingajulile esihlathini, amathansela avuvukele, nokutheleleka ngokhunta konke kungenza ukudla kube nzima. Ukuba nalesi sibonakaliso esifanayo akusho ukuthi izindlela zokwelapha zingasetshenziswa ngokushintshaniswa.
Kusho ukuthini “isilonda somlomo”?
Isilonda somlomo esibizwa ngokuthi i-aphthous ulcer siwukulimala kwendawo encane yolwelwesi lomlomo. Akusho ngokuzenzakalelayo ukuthi kunokutheleleka ngamagciwane noma ngokhunta. Kungenzeka futhi kube yisilonda esidalwe izinyo elibukhali noma ukuziluma esihlathini. Umhlahlandlela we-NHS wezilonda zomlomo uhlukanisa lezi zilonda nezilonda ezibangelwa i-herpes ezindebeni futhi uchaza izimbangela eziningana, kuhlanganise nokulimala nezimo zempilo ezikhona.
Igama elithi “stomatitis” lisho ukuvuvukala komlomo. Liyincazelo ebanzi, hhayi igama lohlobo olulodwa lwesilwanyana esincane. Ucwaningo olufakwe ngaphansi kwesihloko se-stomatitis lungase luphathelene nezilonda ze-aphthous ezibuya njalo, ukuvuvukala ngaphansi kwamazinyo okufakelwa, noma ukulimala okubangelwa ukwelashwa komdlavuza. Ukufunda lelo gama eliyinhloko kuphela kungaholela esincomweni sokwelapha esidukisayo.
Ukuvuvukala kwamathansela kuthinta amathansela asemaceleni omphimbo futhi kungabangelwa ukutheleleka ngamavayirasi noma ngamabhaktheriya. Amachashaza amhlophe awenzi lesi simo sifane nokhunta lomlomo. Ukhunta lomlomo luwukutheleleka ngokhunta okungabangela amabala amhlophe noma umlomo obuhlungu nobomvu, futhi lwelashwa ngomuthi olwa nokhunta. Ukubukeka kuphela kungase kunganele ukunquma ukuthi yisiphi isimo esikhona.
Ithebula lokuqhathanisa izimpawu nobufakazi
Sebenzisa leli thebula ukuhlela ingxoxo nodokotela wamazinyo, usokhemisi, noma udokotela. Ikholomu yokuqala ibonisa izinto okungenzeka zikhona, hhayi ukuxilongwa ongakwenza ngokubuka isithombe.
| Isimpawu nesimo esisolwayo | Ukwakheka kwengxube ye-methylene blue noma indlela esetshenziswayo | Isimo socwaningo nobufakazi obufanele | Umbuzo wokufuna ukuhlolwa |
|---|---|---|---|
| Isilonda esincane esibuhlungu ngaphakathi kwesihlathi noma kodebe: isilonda se-aphthous noma esibangelwa ukulimala | Ukugcoba noma ukugeza umlomo ekhaya ngengxube engaziwa kahle ukuthi yakhiwe ngani | Kungadingeka izivivinyo eziqondile ezilondeni ezivamile ezixilongiwe. Imiphumela yobuhlungu bezilonda zolwelwesi ezibangelwa ukwelashwa komdlavuza ayiqinisekisi ukuphola noma ukuvimbela lapha. | Ingabe lesi yisilonda se-aphthous esibuya njalo, noma sibangelwa izinyo, into efakwe emlonyeni, umuthi, noma esinye isimo? |
| Ubuhlungu lapho ugwinya namathansela avuvukele: ukuvuvukala kwamathansela noma komphimbo | I-methylene blue eyenziwa isebenze ngokukhanya elabhorethri, ngezinye izikhathi ecwaningwa kanye nezinhlayiyana zesiliva ezincane kakhulu | Amabhaktheriya akhuliswa kusuka kumasampula athathwe emiphinjeni awubufakazi baselabhorethri. Akusona isivivinyo sokwelapha imiphimbo yeziguli. | Ingabe ukuhlolwa kusikisela ukutheleleka ngamabhaktheriya, futhi kudingeka ukuhlolwa okwengeziwe noma ukwelashwa okuthile? |
| Amabala amhlophe noma ububomvu obusabalele emlonyeni: kungenzeka kube ukutheleleka nge-Candida | Into eyaziwayo ezwela ukukhanya kanye nemishini yokukhanya yasemtholampilo | Izivivinyo zamazinyo kubantu abaxilongwe ngokutheleleka ngokhunta zilinganisa ukusabela kwezilonda nenani lezilwanyana ezincane. Ukugeza umlomo ekhaya ngaphandle kokusebenzisa ukukhanya kuyindlela ehlukile. | Ingabe i-Candida iyimbangela, futhi yimuphi umuthi olwa nokhunta noma enye indlela yokunakekela efanele? |
| Ubuhlungu obusabalele olwelwesini lomlomo ngesikhathi sokwelashwa ngamakhemikhali noma ngemisebe: ukuvuvukala kolwelwesi lomlomo | Ingxube ye-methylene blue yokugeza umlomo ecwaningiwe, engezwe ekunakekelweni okusekelayo | Izivivinyo zokwelashwa komdlavuza ikakhulukazi zihlola ubuhlungu nokusebenza komlomo. Aziqinisekisi ukwelashwa kokutheleleka okuvamile komphimbo. | Ingabe lokhu kungaba ukuvuvukala kolwelwesi okuhlobene nokwelashwa, ukutheleleka, noma kokubili, futhi kudingeka usizo ngokuthola uketshezi olwanele noma ngokulawula ubuhlungu? |
| Izilonda ezingapheli, ezingajwayelekile, noma ezibuya njalo, kuhlanganise nephethini emhlophe efana nenetha | Ayikho ingxube engakhethwa ngokususela kule ncazelo | Kudingeka ubufakazi obuqondene nesifo esixilongiwe. Ucwaningo nge-lichen planus yomlomo alunakusetshenziswa kuzo zonke izilonda. | Ingabe lokhu kudinga ukuhlolwa uchwepheshe wezifo zomlomo noma olunye uphenyo ngaphambi kokwelashwa? |
Lokho ucwaningo lwengxube yokugeza umlomo ezimweni zomdlavuza olwakubonisa ngempela
Esivivinyweni sango-2022 sesigaba 2 esahlukanisa ababambiqhaza ngokungahleliwe, abantu abadala abangu-60 ababenokuvuvukala kolwelwesi lomlomo okubangelwa ukwelashwa komdlavuza baqeda ukwelashwa. Amaqembu amathathu athola izingxube zokugeza umlomo ezinamazinga ahlukene e-methylene blue kanye nokunakekelwa okuvamile; iqembu lokuqhathanisa lathola ukunakekelwa okuvamile kuphela. Umphumela oyinhloko owalinganiswa kwakuwushintsho ebuhlungwini phakathi kwezinsuku ezimbili, futhi kwalinganiswa nokusebenza komlomo.
Amaqembu e-methylene blue aba nokwehla kobuhlungu okukhulu ngokwesilinganiso, nakuba ukuqhathaniswa kweqembu elilodwa nelezinga elithile lengxube kwakusondele nje emkhawulweni ovamile wokubaluleka ngokwezibalo. Ababambiqhaza abayisishiyagalombili babika ukushisa ekuqaleni, futhi oyedwa wayeka ukwelashwa. Lesi kwakuyisivivinyo esincane nesifushane sobuhlungu obunzima obuhlobene nomdlavuza. Asizange siqinisekise ukuthi ingxube yokuqhuba umlomo yaqeda ukutheleleka, yavimbela ukubuya kwezilonda, noma yelapha izingane ezinezilonda ezivamile.
Ucwaningo lwango-2026 olwalungafihli ukuthi yimuphi umuthi osetshenziswayo futhi lungahlukanisi ababambiqhaza ngokungahleliwe lwengeza umongo owusizo. Phakathi kweziguli ezingu-43 ezazingahlolwa, abantu bazikhethela i-methylene blue noma ingxube evamile yokugeza umlomo. Womabili amaqembu aba ngcono ngemva kokuyisebenzisa, kungekho mehluko obalulekile ngokwezibalo ekwehleni kobuhlungu phakathi kwamaqembu. Ukuzikhethela kweziguli nokungabi khona kokwabiwa ngokungahleliwe kunciphisa amandla okuqhathanisa ukuthi yini eyabangela umphumela. Ubufakazi obubanzi bengxube yokugeza umlomo ezimweni zokuvuvukala kolwelwesi okubangelwa ukwelashwa komdlavuza buphathelene nenkinga ethile yokunakekelwa okusekelayo.
Kungani izifundo ezisebenzisa ukukhanya zingakusekeli ukugcoba ekhaya
Ukwelashwa nge-photodynamic kuhlanganisa into ezwela ukukhanya nokuchayeka ekukhanyeni okunqunyiwe. Indlela ehlolwayo ihlanganisa indlela ukukhanya okunikezwa ngayo nenqubo yasemtholampilo, hhayi igama likadayi kuphela.
Isivivinyo esahlukanisa ababambiqhaza ngokungahleliwe ababenenhlobo yokutheleleka nge-Candida ebangela ububomvu emlonyeni sahlaziya iziguli ezingu-41 ezabelwa ukuthola ingxube ye-nystatin noma ukwelashwa nge-photodynamic kwe-methylene blue. Sahlola izilonda ezibonakala ekuhlolweni nezinhlobo zezilwanyana ezincane ezakhuliswa elabhorethri. Leyo miphumela iphathelene nokutheleleka nge-Candida okuxilongiwe ngaphansi kwezimo zokwelashwa kwamazinyo. Ukuncipha kwamakoloni elabhorethri noma ukuthuthuka kwesilonda akuqinisekisi ukuthi uketshezi oluthengiswa esitolo olungachaziwe lusebenza njengengxube yokugeza umlomo evamile. Ukubuyekezwa kobufakazi nge-Candida yomlomo kuhlukanisa ukusabela okubonakala ekwelashweni nokususwa kwezilwanyana ezincane.
Inkinga efanayo iyavela kokushiwo ngomphimbo. Ucwaningo lwe-methylene blue eyenziwa isebenze nge-laser nezinhlayiyana zesiliva ezincane kakhulu lwathatha amasampula emiphinjeni yezingane ezingu-20, lwase luhlola imiphumela yokulwa namabhaktheriya ngaphandle komzimba (in vitro). Izingane zanikeza amasampula; azizange zelashwe ngendlela eyayihlolwa. Ababhali balo basho ngokucacile ukuthi kudingeka olunye ucwaningo ngaphambi kokucabangela ukwelapha izingane.
Lezi yizibonelo zokuthi kungani ucwaningo lokulwa nezilwanyana ezincane kufanele lufundwe kanye nokuxilongwa, ukwakheka kwengxube, indlela yokuyisebenzisa, nomphumela olinganiswayo. Umphumela omuhle esimweni esisodwa awuphenduli umbuzo ohlukile wokwelapha.
Ukwakheka kwengxube nokugwinya kubalulekile
Ibhodlela elibhalwe ukuthi “methylene blue” alisho ukuthi linomuthi womlomo. Izinga lokuxinana kwawo, uketshezi oluncibilikisa kuwo, ezinye izithako, imininingwane yokukhiqiza, nendlela okuhloswe ukuba usetshenziswe ngayo konke kubalulekile. Ingxube eyenziwe ngamanzi, umkhiqizo wesikhumba, udayi waselabhorethri, umkhiqizo wethangi lezinhlanzi, nengxube yokugeza umlomo elungiselelwe ekhemisi akukwazi ukushintshaniswa ngenxa nje yokuthi kuqukethe udayi ofanayo. Isitatimende sokuhlanzeka komkhiqizo asinikezi imiyalelo yokuwusebenzisa emlonyeni noma ubufakazi benzuzo.
Ukuthi “okugcotshwa endaweni ethile” nakho akuqinisekisi ukuthi akukho okugwinywayo. Letha isitsha uqobo noma ilebula kusokhemisi noma kumuntu okunqumela umuthi. Ulwazi lokunquma i-methylene blue efakwa emthanjeni luveza ukukhathazeka okukhulu okuhlobene nemithi ethinta i-serotonin, ukushoda kwe-G6PD, nokukhulelwa. Leyo lebula yomjovo ayilinganisi ubungozi bokusetshenziswa okuthile emlonyeni; ichaza ukuthi kungani ukuhlola okuqondene nendlela yokusebenzisa kungenakuthathelwa indawo ukucabanga ukuthi ukusebenzisa endaweni ethile akunangozi.
Uma kugwinywe ngephutha umkhiqizo ongaziwa noma inani elingaziwa, xhumana nesevisi yolwazi ngobuthi noma yokuqondisa usizo lwezokwelapha oluphuthumayo, unikeze imininingwane yomkhiqizo, inani elilinganiselwayo, isikhathi, neminyaka yomuntu. Ungamphoqi ukuba ahlanze. Umhlahlandlela we-NHS ngobuthi uchaza ukuthi kungani ukuchayeka okusolwa ukuthi kuyingozi kudinga iseluleko esisheshayo ngisho nangaphambi kokuba kuvele izimpawu.
Imibuzo mayelana nezinsana nezingane
Uma incwadi kadokotela noma inothi elibhalwe ngesandla lingacacile, cela udokotela onqume umuthi noma usokhemisi owukhiphayo aqinisekise isifo esixilongiwe, umkhiqizo oqondile, indlela okuhloswe ukuba usetshenziswe ngayo, nemiyalelo ngaphambi kokuwusebenzisa. Ungazakheli uhlelo lokwelapha ngokususela ephepheni locwaningo lwabantu abadala noma kulokho okwenzeka komunye umzali. Ingane encane ingase ingakwazi ukugeza umlomo bese ikhafula ngendlela ethembekile, futhi ubunzima bosana bokuncela noma bokudla buyashintsha ukuhlolwa kwesimo.
Umhlahlandlela wobufakazi ezinganeni ukhuluma ngalezi zikhala eziqondene neminyaka yobudala. Imibuzo yokukhulelwa nokuncelisa nayo idinga ukuhlolwa kwayo. Kuzo zombili lezi zimo, indawo esebenzisekayo yokuqala ngumkhiqizo uqobo nenkinga yezempilo, njengoba kuchazwe emibuzweni okufanele uyibuze uchwepheshe wezokwelapha nge-methylene blue.
Lapho ukuhlolwa kufanele kuze kuqala
Funa usizo oluphuthumayo uma kunobunzima bokuphefumula, ukungakwazi ukugwinya, ukuconsa kwamathe ngenxa yokungakwazi ukugwinya kahle, ukuphefumula okunomsindo ophakeme, noma izimpawu ezinzima eziba zimbi ngokushesha. Funa iseluleko esiphuthumayo uma kunokuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni, imfiva enkulu, noma umphimbo obuhlungu kumuntu onamasosha omzimba abuthakathaka. Lezi yizimo ze-NHS ezidinga usizo olwengeziwe ngomphimbo obuhlungu, hhayi izimo zokuzama ikhambi lomphimbo.
Hlela ukuhlolwa udokotela wamazinyo noma udokotela uma isilonda sihlala isikhathi esingaphezu kwamasonto amathathu, uma singajwayelekile noma sopha, noma uma siya siba buhlungu futhi sibomvu kakhulu. Umphimbo obuhlungu ongabi ngcono ngemva kwesonto nawo udinga ukuhlolwa. Izilonda ezimhlophe ezinjengenetha ezingapheli zingase zidinge indlela ehlukile yokuxilonga, kuhlanganise nokuhlolwa kwezimo okuxoxwa ngazo ocwaningweni lwe-lichen planus yomlomo.
Ngezimpawu ezingenazo ezinye izinkinga, usokhemisi angasiza ekukhetheni indlela efanele yokudambisa ubuhlungu. Isinqumo kufanele sisekelwe kulokho okungenzeka kuyimbangela, eminyakeni yomuntu nasemithini ayisebenzisayo, kunokuba sisekelwe embala wekhambi lendabuko.