Inqaku
Imethylene blue yezilonda zomlomo nomqala obuhlungu: oko kuxhaswa bubungqina
Uphando ngemethylene blue aluqinisekisi unyango oluqhelekileyo lwasekhaya lwesilonda se-aphthous esiqhelekileyo okanye umqala obuhlungu. Izifundo zezisombululo zokuhlamba umlomo ezimiselwe ziingcali ngenxa yeentlungu ezibangelwa lunyango lomhlaza, nezifundo ezidibanisa idayi nezixhobo zokukhanya zamazinyo, zijongana neemeko neendlela zonyango ezahlukileyo. Azinakuxhasa ukuqaba isisombululo esithengiswa ezivenkileni kwisilonda esingekachongwa.
Umbuzo wokuqala oluncedo ngowokuba yintoni ebangela ubuhlungu. Isilonda esingekho nzulu ngaphakathi esidleleni, iitonsili ezidumbileyo, nosulelo lomngundo zonke zinokwenza ukutya kungakhululeki. Ukuba nolu phawu lufanayo akuthethi ukuba unyango lwazo lunokusetyenziswa endaweni yolunye.
Kuthetha ukuthini “isilonda somlomo”?
Isilonda se-aphthous kukwaphuka kwenwebu engaphakathi emlonyeni kwindawo ethile. Akuthethi ngokuzenzekelayo ukuba kukho usulelo lwebhaktheriya okanye lomngundo. Kusenokuba sisilonda esibangelwe lizinyo elibukhali okanye kukuluma ngaphakathi esidleleni. Isikhokelo se-NHS ngezilonda zomlomo sahlula ezi zilonda kwizilonda zeherpes zemilebe yaye sichaza oonobangela abaliqela, kuquka ukwenzakala neemeko zempilo ezisisiseko.
Igama elithi “stomatitis” lithetha ukudumba komlomo. Yinkcazelo ebanzi, kungekhona igama lentsholongwane enye. Isifundo esidweliswe phantsi kwe-stomatitis sinokujongana nezilonda ze-aphthous eziphindaphindayo, ukudumba phantsi kwamazinyo okufakelwa, okanye umonakalo obangelwa lunyango lomhlaza. Ukufunda elo gama lingundoqo kuphela kunokukhokelela kwingcebiso yonyango elahlekisayo.
Ukudumba kweetonsili kuchaphazela iitonsili ezisemacaleni omqala yaye kunokubangelwa lusulelo lwentsholongwane okanye lwebhaktheriya. Amachaphaza amhlophe awenzi ukuba oku kufane nosulelo lomngundo emlonyeni. Ithrush yomlomo lusulelo lomngundo olunokubangela amabala amhlophe okanye umlomo obomvu nobuhlungu, yaye lunyangwa ngamayeza okulwa nomngundo. Inkangeleko yodwa isenokunganeli ukuchonga imeko.
Itheyibhile edibanisa iimpawu nobungqina
Sebenzisa le theyibhile ukulungiselela incoko nogqirha wamazinyo, usokhemesti, okanye ugqirha. Uluhlu lokuqala luchaza izinto ezinokwenzeka, kungekhona uxilongo onokulwenza ngomfanekiso.
| Uphawu nemeko ekrokrelwayo | Ulungiselelo lwemethylene blue okanye indlela yonyango | Indawo esetyenziswa kuyo nobungqina obufanelekileyo | Umbuzo omawubuzwe kwingcali |
|---|---|---|---|
| Isilonda esincinane esibuhlungu ngaphakathi esidleleni okanye emlonyeni: isilonda se-aphthous okanye esibangelwe kukwenzakala | Ukuqaba okanye ukuhlamba umlomo ekhaya ngolungiselelo olunezithako ezingaqinisekanga | Kuya kufuneka izilingo ezijolise ngqo kwizilonda eziqhelekileyo ezixilongiweyo. Iziphumo zeentlungu zomonakalo wenwebu yomlomo obangelwa lunyango lomhlaza azingqini ukuphiliswa okanye ukuthintelwa kwezi zilonda. | Ingaba esi sisilonda se-aphthous esiphindaphindayo, okanye sibangelwa lizinyo, isixhobo samazinyo, iyeza, okanye enye imeko? |
| Ukuginya okubuhlungu kunye neetonsili ezidumbileyo: ukudumba kweetonsili okanye komqala | Imethylene blue evuselelwa kukukhanya kwilabhoratri, ngamanye amaxesha iphononongwa kunye namasuntswana esilivere amancinane kakhulu | Iibhaktheriya ezikhuliswe kwiisampulu ezithathwe emqaleni zibubungqina belabhoratri. Ayisosilingo sokunyanga imiqala yezigulana. | Ingaba uhlolo lubonisa usulelo lwebhaktheriya, yaye ngaba kuyafuneka uvavanyo okanye unyango oluthile? |
| Amabala amhlophe okanye ububomvu obunwenwele emlonyeni: kusenokuba lusulelo lweCandida | Into eyenza uvakalelo ekukhanyeni echazwe ngokucacileyo kunye nezixhobo zokukhanya zasemtholampilo | Izilingo zamazinyo kwizigulana ezixilongwe zine-candidiasis zilinganisa indlela izilonda eziphendula ngayo nenani leentsholongwane. Ukuhlamba umlomo ekhaya ngaphandle kokuwukhanyisela yindlela yonyango eyahlukileyo. | Ingaba yiCandida ebangela oku, yaye leliphi iyeza lokulwa nomngundo okanye enye indlela yokulawula imeko efanelekileyo? |
| Ubuhlungu obunwenwele kwinwebu yomlomo ngexesha lechemotherapy okanye iradiotherapy: i-mucositis | Isisombululo semethylene blue sokuhlamba umlomo esiphononongiweyo, songezwa kukhathalelo oluxhasayo | Izilingo kunyango lomhlaza ikakhulu ziphonononga iintlungu nokusebenza komlomo. Aziqinisekisi unyango losulelo oluqhelekileyo lomqala. | Ingaba oku kungumonakalo wenwebu yomlomo obangelwa lunyango, lusulelo, okanye zizo zombini, yaye ngaba kufuneka uncedo lokugcina amanzi emzimbeni okanye lokuthomalalisa iintlungu? |
| Izilonda ezingapheliyo, ezingaqhelekanga, okanye ezibuya ngokuphindaphindiweyo, kuquka ipateni emhlophe efana neleyisi | Akukho lungiselelo lunokukhethwa ngokwale nkcazelo | Kufuneka ubungqina obujolise kwimeko exilongiweyo. Uphando nge-lichen planus yomlomo alunakusetyenziswa kuzo zonke izilonda. | Ingaba kufuneka uhlolo lwengcali yezifo zomlomo okanye uphando ngaphambi konyango? |
Oko kwaboniswa ngokwenene sisifundo sokuhlamba umlomo kwizigulana zomhlaza
Kwisilingo sesigaba 2 sango-2022 esinolwabiwo lwamaqela olwenziwe ngokungakhethiyo, abantu abadala abangama-60 abanomonakalo wenwebu yomlomo obangelwa lunyango lomhlaza balugqiba unyango. Amaqela amathathu afumana izisombululo zokuhlamba umlomo ezinemethylene blue kumandla oxinzelelo ahlukeneyo kunye nokhathalelo oluqhelekileyo; iqela lokuthelekisa lafumana ukhathalelo oluqhelekileyo kuphela. Isiphumo esiphambili esalinganiswayo yayilutshintsho kwiintlungu kwiintsuku ezimbini, yaye kwalinganiswa nokusebenza komlomo.
Amaqela emethylene blue aba nokuncipha okukhulu ngakumbi kweentlungu ngokomndilili, nangona uthelekiso lolungiselelo olunamandla oxinzelelo olunye neqela lokuthelekisa lwalusemdeni womda oqhelekileyo wokubaluleka ngokweenkcukacha-manani. Abathathi-nxaxheba abasibhozo baxela ukutshisa ekuqaleni, waza omnye wayeka unyango. Esi yayisisilingo esincinane nesifutshane seentlungu ezinzima ezinxulumene nomhlaza. Asizange siqinisekise ukuba ukuhlamba umlomo kwaphelisa usulelo, kwathintela ukuphinda kwezilonda, okanye kwanyanga abantwana abanezilonda eziqhelekileyo.
Isifundo sango-2026 esingafihlanga ukuba ngubani ofumana luphi unyango, nesingenalwabiwo lwamaqela olwenziwe ngokungakhethiyo songeza inkcazelo eluncedo. Kwizigulana ezingama-43 ekwakwenzeka ukuzivavanya, abantu bakhetha imethylene blue okanye isisombululo esiqhelekileyo sokuhlamba umlomo. Omabini amaqela aphucuka emva kokusetyenziswa kwazo, kungekho mahluko ubalulekileyo ngokweenkcukacha-manani phakathi kwamaqela ekuncipheni kweentlungu. Ukuzikhethela kwezigulana nokungabikho kolwabiwo olwenziwa ngokungakhethiyo kuthintela uthelekiso olunokuqinisekisa unobangela weziphumo. Ubungqina obubanzi bokuhlamba umlomo xa kukho umonakalo obangelwa lunyango lomhlaza bujongana nengxaki ethile yokhathalelo oluxhasayo.
Kutheni izifundo zokuvuselela ngokukhanya zingakuxhasi ukuqaba ekhaya
Unyango lwe-photodynamic ludibanisa into eyenza uvakalelo ekukhanyeni nokuvezwa ekukhanyeni ngendlela echazwe ngokucacileyo. Indlela yonyango evavanyiweyo iquka indlela ukukhanya okufakwa ngayo nenkqubo yasemtholampilo, kungekhona igama ledayi kuphela.
Isilingo esinolwabiwo olwenziwe ngokungakhethiyo se-candidiasis ebangela ububomvu emlonyeni sahlalutya izigulana ezingama-41 ezabelwa ulwelo lwenystatin olunamasuntswana axhonyiweyo okanye unyango lwe-photodynamic ngemethylene blue. Savavanya izilonda ngokohlolo lwezonyango saza sakhulisa iintsholongwane kwilabhoratri. Ezo ziphumo zijongana ne-candidiasis exilongiweyo phantsi kweemeko zonyango lwamazinyo. Ukuncipha kwamaqela eentsholongwane kwilabhoratri okanye ukuphucuka kwesilonda akuqinisekisi ukuba ulwelo oluthengiswa ezivenkileni olungachazwanga lusebenza njengesisombululo esiqhelekileyo sokuhlamba umlomo. Uphononongo lobungqina ngeCandida yomlomo lwahlula ukuphendula kwemeko kunyango ekususweni kweentsholongwane.
Ingxaki efanayo iyavela kumabango ngomqala. Isifundo semethylene blue evuselelwa ngelaser namasuntswana esilivere amancinane kakhulu sathatha iisampulu zomqala kubantwana abangama-20, saza savavanya iziphumo zokulwa neebhaktheriya kwilabhoratri, ngaphandle komzimba. Abantwana banikela ngeesampulu; abazange banyangwe ngale ndlela yovavanyo. Ababhali baso batsho ngokucacileyo ukuba kufuneka uphando olungakumbi ngaphambi kokuba kuqwalaselwe unyango ebantwaneni.
Le yimizekelo ebonisa ukuba kutheni uphando lokulwa neentsholongwane kufuneka lufundwe kunye noxilongo, ulungiselelo, indlela yokusebenzisa, nesiphumo esilinganisiweyo. Isiphumo esihle kwimeko ethile asiwuphenduli umbuzo wonyango owahlukileyo.
Ulungiselelo nokuginya zibalulekile
Ibhotile ebhalwe “methylene blue” ayiqinisekisi ukuba liyeza lomlomo. Amandla oxinzelelo, ulwelo lokunyibilikisa, ezinye izithako, imigaqo yokwenziwa, nendlela ekucetywe ukuba isetyenziswe ngayo zonke zibalulekile. Isisombululo esenziwe ngamanzi, ulungiselelo lwesikhumba, idayi yelabhoratri, imveliso yetanki yeentlanzi, nesisombululo sokuhlamba umlomo esilungiselelwe ekhemesti azinakusetyenziswa endaweni yezinye ngenxa nje yokuba zinedayi efanayo. Ibango lobunyulu aliboneleli ngemiyalelo yokusebenzisa emlonyeni okanye ubungqina benzuzo.
Igama elithi “isetyenziswa kumphezulu” nalo aliqinisekisi ukuba akukho nto iginywayo. Yiza nesikhongozeli kanye okanye ileyibhile kusokhemesti okanye kwingcali ekumisele unyango. Inkcazelo yokumisela imethylene blue efakwa emthanjeni ichaza iinkxalabo ezinzulu ezibandakanya amayeza achaphazela iserotonin, ukunqongophala kwe-G6PD, nokukhulelwa. Loo leyibhile yesitofu ayilinganisi umngcipheko wendlela ethile yokusebenzisa emlonyeni; ichaza ukuba kutheni uvavanyo olujolise kwindlela yokusebenzisa lungenakuthatyathelwa indawo kukucinga ukuba ukusetyenziswa kwindawo ethile akunabungozi.
Xa kuginywe ngempazamo ulungiselelo okanye isixa esingaziwayo, qhagamshelana nenkonzo yolwazi ngeetyhefu okanye nenkonzo yonyango olungxamisekileyo, unike igama lemveliso, isixa esiqikelelwayo, ixesha, nobudala bomntu. Musa ukwenza umntu agabhe. Isikhokelo se-NHS ngetyhefu sichaza ukuba kutheni ukurhanelwa kokuchanabeka kwinto eyingozi kufuna iingcebiso ngokukhawuleza, nangaphambi kokuba kuvele iimpawu.
Imibuzo ngeentsana nabantwana
Ukuba umyalelo wonyango okanye inqaku elibhalwe ngesandla alicacanga, cela ingcali emisele unyango okanye usokhemesti okhuphe iyeza ukuba aqinisekise uxilongo, ulungiselelo kanye, indlela ekucetywe ukuba lusetyenziswe ngayo, nemiyalelo ngaphambi kokulusebenzisa. Musa ukwenza inkqubo yonyango usebenzisa iphepha lophando ngabantu abadala okanye amava omnye umzali. Umntwana omncinane usenokungakwazi ukuhlamba umlomo aze atshice ngokuthembekileyo, yaye ubunzima bosana ekutyeni buyayitshintsha indlela yokuvavanya imeko.
Isikhokelo sobungqina kubantwana sijongana nezi zikhewu zolwazi zixhomekeke kubudala. Imibuzo ngokukhulelwa nokuncancisa nayo ifuna uvavanyo lwayo. Kuzo zombini ezi meko, indawo efanelekileyo yokuqala yimveliso kanye nengxaki yempilo, njengoko kuchaziwe kwimibuzo onokuyibuza ingcali yezempilo ngemethylene blue.
Xa kufuneka kuqale uvavanyo
Funa uncedo olungxamisekileyo xa kukho ubunzima bokuphefumla, ukungakwazi ukuginya, ukuphuma kwamathe ngenxa yokuphazamiseka kokuginya, ukuphefumla okunengxolo ebukhali, okanye iimpawu ezinzima eziya zisiba mandundu ngokukhawuleza. Funa iingcebiso ezingxamisekileyo xa kukho ukuphelelwa ngamanzi emzimbeni, umkhuhlane ophezulu, okanye umqala obuhlungu kumntu onenkqubo yokhuselo lomzimba ebuthathaka. Ezi ziimeko ze-NHS ezifuna uncedo olungakumbi ngomqala obuhlungu, kungekhona iimeko zokuzama iyeza lomqala.
Lungiselela uhlolo lwamazinyo okanye lwezonyango xa isilonda sihlala ngaphezu kweeveki ezintathu, singaqhelekanga okanye sisopha, okanye siya sisiba buhlungu ngakumbi yaye sibomvu. Umqala obuhlungu ongaphucukiyo emva kweveki nawo kufuneka uvavanywe. Izilonda ezimhlophe ezingapheliyo ezifana neleyisi zisenokufuna indlela eyahlukileyo yokuxilonga, kuquka ukuhlolwa kweemeko ezixutyushwa kuphando nge-lichen planus yomlomo.
Kwiimpawu ezingenazingxaki ezongezelelekileyo, usokhemesti anganceda ekukhetheni indlela efanelekileyo yokuthomalalisa iintlungu. Isigqibo kufuneka silandele unobangela ekusenokwenzeka ukuba ukho, ubudala bomntu namayeza awasebenzisayo, kungekhona umbala weyeza lesintu.