Inyandiko
Ese ubururu bwa metilene ni karemano, ni organiki, cyangwa buboneka mu biribwa?
Ubururu bwa metilene ni irangi rikorerwa mu buryo bwa shimi. Ni ikinyabutabire organiki mu busobanuro bwa shimi, ariko ibyo ntibivuga ko kiboneka mu buhinzi bwa organiki, gikurwa mu bimera, cyangwa gifite icyemezo cya organiki. Nta biribwa karemano bizwi ko ari isoko y'ubururu bwa metilene. Indabo z'ubururu n'ibikoreshwa mu guha ibiribwa ibara birimo ibindi bintu.
Iri tandukaniro ni ingenzi iyo ikirango cy'igicuruzwa gikoresha amagambo nka “karemano,” “organiki,” cyangwa “gishingiye ku bimera” kugira ngo cyumvikanishe ko ibiri mu icupa bikwiriye kuribwa cyangwa kunyobwa. Buri jambo risubiza ikibazo gitandukanye, kandi nta na rimwe risimbura ibimenyetso byerekeye igicuruzwa ubwacyo.
Aho ubururu bwa metilene bukomoka
Inyandiko ya IARC ku nkomoko n'ikorwa ry'ubururu bwa metilene igaragaza ko bwakozwe bwa mbere mu 1876, ari irangi ry'imyenda rishingiye kuri aniline. Iyo nyandiko kandi ivuga yeruye ko bukorwa mu buryo bwa shimi kandi ko butaboneka muri kamere. Mu nganda, iryo rangi rikorwa binyuze mu myitwarire ya shimi; ntibasarura ubururu bwa metilene mu kimera cy'ubururu.
Ayo mateka ntahamyanya uburyo umutanga runaka akoresha mu gukora ibyo atanga ubu. Ibisobanuro rusange bya shimi ikoreshwa mu nganda ntibishobora kugenzura uruganda rw'umugurisha, ibikoresho by'ibanze akoresha, intambwe zo kweza ibicuruzwa, cyangwa ibisubizo by'ibizamini. Ibyo bisaba inyandiko zifitanye isano n'uruhererekane rw'itangwa ry'igicuruzwa. Ibisobanuro byacu ku ikorwa no kweza ubururu bwa metilene bitandukanya ubumenyi bwa shimi buzwi na bose n'ibimenyetso byerekeye igicuruzwa runaka.
Kugira ngo umenye icyo ari cyo n'uburyo butandukanye bukoreshwamo, tangirira ku cyo ubururu bwa metilene ari cyo. Ibisobanuro by'inkomoko bigomba gusobanura ikintu kiri mu icupa, aho kuvuga gusa amateka y'inganda z'amabara.
“Organiki” ifite ibisobanuro bibiri bitandukanye
Muri shimi, iri jambo ryerekeza ku cyiciro cy'ibinyabutabire bishingiye kuri karubone. Ibisobanuro bya American Chemical Society kuri shimi y'ibinyabutabire organiki bishyira n'ibintu byakozwe n'abantu muri urwo rwego. Imiterere ya molekile y'ubururu bwa metilene irimo karubone, bityo kubwita irangi organiki birakwiye mu rwego rwa shimi. Gukorera ikinyabutabire organiki mu ruganda ntibigihindura ikitari organiki.
Icyemezo cy'ubuhinzi gisubiza ikindi kibazo: ese igicuruzwa cyemerewe cyakozwe kandi gifatwa hakurikijwe igipimo cyagenwe? Hakurikijwe ibisabwa na USDA mu gushyira ijambo organiki ku birango, igicuruzwa cya “organiki” muri rusange kigomba kuba kirimo nibura 95% by'ibigize igicuruzwa bifite ubuziranenge bwa organiki, hakaba n'amabwiriza agenga ibisigaye. Amazi n'umunyu ntibibarwa muri iryo barura kandi byo ubwabyo ntibishobora gushyirwaho ikirango cya organiki.
Ibi bitanga uburyo bw'ingirakamaro bwo kugenzura imvange zirimo amazi menshi. Umugurisha ntashobora kubara amazi nk'igice gifite icyemezo cya organiki, ngo akoreshe iryo barura mu gushyigikira ko ibiri mu icupa ari organiki. Na none, kuba imvange irimo ikigize gikomoka ku bimera cya organiki ntibyemeza ko ubururu bwa metilene buyirimo bufite icyemezo cya organiki. Genzura neza icyo icyemezo gikubiyemo.
Ibisabwa na USDA ni urugero rwo muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika. Ku kirango kivuga ko gikurikiza gahunda y'ikindi gihugu, banza umenye iyo gahunda n'urwego rutanga icyemezo, aho guhita ukoresha amabwiriza yo muri Amerika.
Kugereranya amagambo akoreshwa
| Ijambo riri ku kirango | Icyo risobanura | Icyo ritahamya |
|---|---|---|
| Ikinyabutabire organiki cyangwa irangi organiki | Icyiciro cya shimi | Icyemezo cy'ubuhinzi, inkomoko mu bimera, ubuziranenge, cyangwa kuba gikwiriye kumirwa |
| Ubururu bwa metilene bukorwa mu buryo bwa shimi | Ikorwa binyuze mu guhuza ibinyabutabire | Ubuziranenge bw'umukora runaka cyangwa ingano y'imyanda irimo |
| Karemano cyangwa gikomoka ku bimera | Ikivugwa ku nkomoko gisaba ko ikintu kivugwa n'uburyo bwo kugikora bigaragazwa | Ko icyo kintu ari ubururu bwa metilene cyangwa ko gifite ingaruka zabwo |
| Gifite icyemezo cya organiki | Kubahiriza ibisabwa muri gahunda y'icyemezo ivuzwe no mu byo gikubiyemo | Gukora neza mu buvuzi cyangwa kwemererwa buri mikoreshereze iteganywa |
| Gikwiriye ibiribwa cyangwa gikwiriye abantu | Amagambo y'umugurisha akeneye ibisobanuro by'ibipimo nyabyo n'ishingiro ry'imikoreshereze igamijwe | Ko ikinyabutabire ari igice karemano cy'ibiribwa cyangwa ko gishobora gusimbura umuti |
Koresha igereranya ry'ibirango n'ibyiciro by'ubururu bwa metilene igihe ibivugwa biva ku nkomoko bikajya ku magambo yerekeye ikoreshwa rya tekiniki, ibizamini bya shimi, ibigega by'amafi, cyangwa ibitabo by'ibipimo by'imiti.
Ese ibiribwa by'ubururu ni isoko y'ubururu bwa metilene?
Ibara ry'ubururu ni ikiranga uko ikintu gitwara urumuri, si ikizamini cyo kumenya ikinyabutabire. Molekile zitandukanye zishobora kunywa urumuri mu buryo butanga amabara asa ku maso. Bityo, ifoto y'ikinyobwa cy'ubururu nta kimenyetso itanga cy'uko icyo kinyobwa kirimo ubururu bwa metilene.
Ikimera cya butterfly pea ni urugero rwihariye. Ibisobanuro bya FDA ku gikurwa mu ndabo za butterfly pea bigaragaza ko anthocyanins, cyane cyane ibikomoka kuri delphinidin, ari byo ahanini biha icyo gikurwa ibara. Ibyo bitanga ibara mu bimera bitandukanye n'ubururu bwa metilene mu rwego rwa shimi.
“Spirulina y'ubururu” na yo ishobora gutera urundi rujijo. Ibisobanuro bya FDA by'ibipimo biranga igikurwa muri spirulina bigaragaza ko phycocyanins ari zo ahanini zitanga ibara mu gikurwa muri Arthrospira platensis. Spirulina ikomoka kuri cyanobacteria, si ikimera kigira indabo kandi si isoko y'ubururu bwa metilene. Kwita ibintu bibiri “ibirwanya okisidasiyo by'ubururu” ntibyaba bivuze ko imiterere yabyo ya shimi, uko byinjira mu mubiri, cyangwa ingaruka zabyo bishobora gusimburana.
Raporo y'ibisigazwa by'irangi cyangwa iyanduzwa ry'ibiribwa na yo yaba isubiza ikibazo gitandukanye n'icyo kuba irangi riboneka mu biribwa muri kamere. Kubona ikinyabutabire nyuma y'uko cyinjiye mu biribwa kivuye hanze ntibigihindura intungamubiri ibyo biribwa bisanzwe bitanga. Nta shingiro ryo guhitamo ibiribwa kugira ngo ubikuremo ingano y'ubururu bwa metilene yo kurya.
Urutonde rwo kugenzura inkomoko
Koresha uru rutonde ufite ikirango n'inyandiko zigishyigikira imbere yawe. Ushobora kandi gukuramo urutonde rushobora kongera gukoreshwa.
- Menya ikigize igicuruzwa. Andika izina ryuzuye ry'ikinyabutabire, ubwinshi bwacyo mu mvange, ikinyamushonga, n'ibindi bigize igicuruzwa. Genzura niba “karemano” bisobanura irangi, ikirungo gitanga uburyohe, cyangwa ikirango cy'ubucuruzi muri rusange. Inyandiko yacu ku bigize umuti w'ubururu bwa metilene ushonge isobanura iri tandukaniro.
- Sobanura ikivugwa. Baza niba “organiki” bisobanura icyiciro cya shimi cyangwa umusaruro w'ubuhinzi ufite icyemezo. Formile irimo karubone ishyigikira gusa igisobanuro cya mbere.
- Kurikirana inkomoko ivugwa. Niba bivugwa ko gikomoka ku bimera, saba ubwoko bw'ikimera, umwirondoro w'ikigize igicuruzwa, n'ibisobanuro by'ikorwa ryacyo. Ifoto y'ikimera cyangwa igikurwa gifite ibara ry'ubururu si ikimenyetso cy'umwirondoro.
- Genzura ibyo icyemezo gikubiyemo. Andika gahunda y'icyemezo, urwego rugitanze, nimero iranga icyemezo, ibikorwa byanditseho, n'igicuruzwa cyangwa ikigize igicuruzwa gikubiyemo. Icyemezo cy'ikindi kigize igicuruzwa cyangwa icy'ikindi kigo nticyemeza ibi bivugwa.
- Suzuma icyiciro cy'umusaruro n'imikoreshereze igamijwe. Huza nimero y'icyiciro cy'umusaruro n'inyandiko z'isesengura, maze usome ibipimo byavuzwe n'ibisubizo. Suzuma niba uko igicuruzwa giteguye n'ibirango byacyo bihuye n'imikoreshereze igamijwe. Koresha urutonde rw'umuguzi rwo kugereranya kugira ngo ugereranye ibicuruzwa mu buryo bwagutse.
Inkomoko ntigena niba ukwiye kukinywa
Ubuziranenge, gukora neza, no kuba igicuruzwa gikwiriye umuntu runaka ni ibibazo bitandukanye. Igisubizo cy'ikizamini cy'ubuziranenge kireba ibigize igicuruzwa. Ibimenyetso byo gukora neza bireba umusaruro wagenwe mu bihe byagenwe. Kuba gikwiriye umuntu runaka na byo biterwa n'uko giteguye, inzira gikoreshwamo, amateka y'ubuzima bwe, n'imiti ishobora gukorana na cyo.
Urugero, amakuru agenewe abandika umuti wa ProvayBlue uterwa mu mutsi atanga umuburo ku ndwara ikomeye ya serotonine ishobora kubaho iyo ukoreshejwe hamwe n'imiti ikora kuri serotonine na opioids, kandi abuza kuwukoresha ku bafite ibura rya G6PD kubera ibyago byo kugira ubuke bw'amaraso buterwa no gusenyuka kw'uturemangingo dutukura tw'amaraso. Ibi ni ibiranga umuti n'umurwayi bireba imikoreshereze yawo, si inenge zikurwaho n'ibivugwa ku nkomoko. Bityo, amagambo “karemano” cyangwa “organiki” ku gicuruzwa kigurishwa si ishingiro ryo gufata icyemezo cyo kunywa ubururu bwa metilene. Ganira n'umuganga cyangwa umuhanga mu by'imiti ku mikoreshereze mu buvuzi uteganya, mwifashishije ikirango cy'igicuruzwa nyacyo n'urutonde rw'imiti ufata.