Inyandiko
Ni iki kiri mu muti w'ubururu bwa metilene? Gusoma urutonde rw'ibiyigize
Umuti w'ubururu bwa metilene urimo irangi ryashongeshejwe mu kintu cy'amazi. Ibindi uwugize biterwa n'uko wateguwe. Ibicuruzwa bimwe birimo ubururu bwa metilene n'amazi gusa; ibindi birimo alukolo, ikinyabutabire gihindura pH, ibirinda kwangirika, cyangwa ibindi binyabutabire bifite igikorwa nyamukuru. Amagambo “umuti w'ubururu bwa metilene” ntasobanura urutonde rwuzuye rw'ibikoreshwa mu kuwutegura.
Soma urutonde rw'ibiyigize hamwe n'igipimo cy'irangi ririmo n'icyo ugenewe gukoreshwa. Ibi bisubiza ibibazo bitandukanye: ibirimo, ingano y'irangi ririmo, n'icyo igicuruzwa cyarangiye gutegurwa kigenewe gukora. Urutonde rugufi rw'ibiyigize ntirushobora gusubiza ibyo bibazo uko ari bitatu.
Hera ku irangi n'ikinyabutabire kirishongesha
Ubururu bwa metilene bushobora no kwitwa koloride ya metilitioniniyumu. Ni bwo butanga ibara ry'ubururu riburanga. Mu ruvange rushingiye ku mazi, amazi ni yo ashongesha irangi: ni cyo kintu cy'amazi irangi rishongeramo. “Rushingiye ku mazi” bisobanura uruvange rwateguwe hifashishijwe amazi, ariko ntibyemeza ko amazi ari yo kintu cyonyine cy'amazi kirimo cyangwa ko nta bindi byongeweho.
Igipimo cy'irangi ririmo gitandukanye no kumenya ibinyabutabire birimo. Ikirango kigaragaza 1% y'uburemere kuri buri ngano y'umuti gisobanura garama 1 y'ubururu bwa metilene muri 100 mL z'umuti warangiye gutegurwa, bihwanye na 10 mg/mL. Ntibisobanura ko ifu ifite ubuziranenge bwa 1%, cyangwa ko icupa ririmo amazi angana na 1%. Mu kugereranya umuti w'ubururu bwa metilene wateguwe n'ifu yabwo, tandukanya ingano y'irangi n'ingano yose y'umuti w'amazi.
Igereranya risobanuye ry'ibirango by'ibiyigize
Igereranya rikurikira rikoresha ibisobanuro bibiri by'ibicuruzwa byatangajwe n'uruvange rumwe rwo muri laboratwari. Bigaragaza uko amazina asa y'ibiyigize ashobora kugaragara ku bicuruzwa bifite ibisabwa n'intego bitandukanye. Ibi bicuruzwa ntibishobora gusimburana.
| Uruvange | Ibiyigize byatangajwe | Uko wasobanukirwa amakuru |
|---|---|---|
| Umuti wa Blupreme wa 1% ushingiye ku mazi | Ubururu bwa metilene bwo ku rwego rwa USP n'amazi yatunganyijwe; nta alukolo, ibitanga uburyohe, ibiryohereza cyangwa ibirinda kwangirika byongeweho | Ibigize umuti bibiri byatangajwe. 1% isobanura igipimo cy'irangi ririmo, si ubuziranenge bw'umuti wose w'amazi. |
| Umuti wa PROVAYBLUE uterwa mu mubiri | Ubururu bwa metilene ku gipimo cya 5 mg/mL n'amazi yo gutegura imiti iterwa mu mubiri | Ikirango kigaragaza kandi ko ari igicuruzwa kitarimo mikorobe, gitangwa ku nyandiko ya muganga kandi kigaterwa mu mutsi. Iyo miterere ntishobora kwemezwa gusa n'uko kirimo irangi n'amazi. |
| Irangi rya Loeffler ry'ubururu bwa metilene riri mu gitabo cya FDA cya laboratwari | Ubururu bwa metilene, etanole n'umuti wa hidirokside ya potasiyumu wavangiwe n'amazi kugira ngo igipimo cyawo kigabanuke | Irangi ryateguwe rigenewe laboratwari. Alukolo n'imiterere y'ibanze biri mu buryo bwo gutegura iki kinyabutabire cyo muri laboratwari, aho kuba gihamya ko imiti yose y'ubururu bwa metilene ikeneye ibyo biyigize. |
Amakuru ya Blupreme yatangajwe ku bigize uruvange agaragaza ibigize umuti bibiri byerekanwe haruguru. Ayo ni amakuru asobanura uko uruvange rwateguwe. Ntagomba kwagurwa ngo abe ikirego cy'uko nta mwanda n'umwe ushoboka uriho, nubwo waba ari muto cyane, cyangwa ko kudashyiramo ibyongewemo bituma haboneka umusaruro mwiza kurushaho mu buvuzi.
Amakuru ya PROVAYBLUE agenewe abayandika ku nyandiko ya muganga agaragaza impamvu ibisobanuro by'igicuruzwa cyarangiye gutegurwa ari ingenzi. Uretse ibiyigize, agaragaza ko kitarimo mikorobe, ko giterwa mu mutsi, igipimo cy'irangi ririmo n'uko gipfunyitse. Icupa risanzwe ririmo ubururu bwa metilene n'amazi ntirihinduka irikwiriye guterwa mu mubiri kubera gusa ko amazina y'ibiyigize asa n'ayo kuri urwo rutonde.
Uburyo bwo gutegura irangi rya Loeffler bwa FDA bugaragaza ikibazo kinyuranye: izina ry'irangi rimenyerewe rishobora guhisha uruvange rutamenyerewe. Mu mirimo ya laboratwari, genzura ibisobanuro byuzuye by'ikinyabutabire mbere yo kugisimbuza umuti usanzwe ushingiye ku mazi.
Urutonde rw'ibiyigize n'imimaro yabyo
Koresha uru rutonde kugira ngo wandike ibisobanuro ku kirango. Kimwe mu biyigize gishobora kugira imimaro irenze umwe; uwagikoze agomba gusobanura uruhare rwacyo igihe ikirango rutabugaragaza.
| Ijambo riri ku kirango | Umumaro mu ruvange | Ikibazo cy'ingirakamaro cyo gukurikirana |
|---|---|---|
| Ubururu bwa metilene | Irangi ryavuzwe cyangwa ikinyabutabire gifite igikorwa nyamukuru, bitewe n'icyo igicuruzwa kigenewe | Igipimo cyabwo ni ikihe, kandi ni iyihe miterere y'ikinyabutabire yagaragajwe? |
| Amazi cyangwa amazi yatunganyijwe | Ashongesha ibinyabutabire cyangwa ni cyo kintu cy'amazi kibitwara | Ni ibihe bisabwa ku mazi n'igenzura ry'igicuruzwa cyarangiye gutegurwa bikurikizwa? |
| Etanole | Ishongesha ibinyabutabire, yonyine cyangwa hamwe n'ikindi; icyo igenewe giterwa n'uruvange | Alukolo yongewemo ku bushake, kandi iri ku kihe gipimo? |
| Ikirinda kwangirika | Gikumira gukura kwa mikorobe mu ruvange | Haba haragaragajwe ko gikora neza muri iki gicuruzwa cyihariye? |
| Ikigumisha cyangwa igihindura pH | Kigumisha cyangwa gihindura acide cyangwa imiterere y'ibanze | Haba hari intera ya pH yagenwe ku mikoreshereze igamijwe? |
| Igitanga uburyohe cyangwa ikiryohereza | Gihindura imiterere yumvwa n'ibyumviro | Ibigize igicuruzwa byose byaragaragajwe, harimo n'ibishobora kugira ingaruka ku bantu batihanganira ibintu bimwe? |
| Ikindi kinyabutabire gifite igikorwa nyamukuru cyongeweho | Cyongeraho ikindi gikorwa kigamijwe ku binyabuzima cyangwa mu buryo imiti ikora | Ingano yacyo ni iyihe, kandi ni izihe gihamya zerekeye urwo ruvange? |
Mu miti, “ikinyabutabire gifasha” ni kimwe mu biyigize kitari ikinyabutabire gifite igikorwa nyamukuru, cyashyizwemo ku mpamvu runaka. Ibisobanuro by'Ikigo cy'u Burayi Gishinzwe Imiti ku binyabutabire bifasha na byo bigaragaza itandukaniro ry'ingirakamaro: kimwe mu biyigize cyitwa ko kidafite igikorwa nyamukuru gishobora kugira ingaruka mu bihe bimwe. “Kidafite igikorwa nyamukuru” si isezerano ry'uko nta cyo gihindura kuri buri muntu cyangwa muri buri mikoreshereze.
Icyo kutagira alukolo no kutagira ibirinda kwangirika bivuga koko
Uruvange rutagira alukolo ntirurimo alukolo yongewemo ku bushake kugira ngo itware ibinyabutabire, nk'uko uwakoze igicuruzwa abisobanura. Ibyo ntibisimbura ibizamini byo gushaka ibisigazwa by'ibishongesha mu bigize umuti. Igisigazwa cyo mu gukora igicuruzwa n'ikinyabutabire gishongesha cyongeweho ku bushake ni ibyiciro bitandukanye, bisuzumwa hifashishijwe inyandiko zitandukanye.
Mu buryo nk'ubwo, kutagira ibirinda kwangirika bisobanura amahitamo yakozwe mu gutegura uruvange. Ntibyemeza ko rutarimo mikorobe, ko rukora neza kurushaho cyangwa ko rushobora kugumana imiterere yarwo ubuziraherezo. Kuba rurimo ikirinda kwangirika na byo ntibyemeza ko rufite ubuziranenge buke. Ikibazo gifite agaciro ni ukumenya niba uruvange rwarangiye gutegurwa rwujuje ibisabwa ku cyo rugenewe.
Amabwiriza ya FDA yerekeye ibirinda kwangirika mu gukora imiti atandukanya kugerageza niba ikirinda kwangirika gikora neza no gupima ingano yacyo. Avuga kandi ko ibirinda kwangirika bitagomba gusimbura uburyo bwiza bwo gukora ibicuruzwa. Gushyira ikirinda kwangirika ku rutonde gusa ntibishobora kugaragaza ko mikorobe zigenzurwa bihagije.
Igihe igicuruzwa kimara kitarangirika gikeneye gihamya yihariye. FDA isobanura ko amatariki imiti izarangiriraho aterwa n'amakuru yerekana uko igumana imiterere yayo n'uburyo bwo kuyibika bwanditse ku kirango. Ntukoreshe igihe cyo kubika cy'ikindi kirango kubera ko byombi byerekana amazi n'ubururu bwa metilene. Genzura uko igicuruzwa nyirizina gipfunyitse n'amabwiriza yihariye yacyo ku kubika n'igihe kimara kitarangirika, harimo n'amabwiriza yose akurikizwa nyuma yo kugifungura.
Imvange zirimo ibintu byinshi zisaba igereranya ritandukanye
Dufate ko igicuruzwa kimwe kirimo ubururu bwa metilene mu mazi, mu gihe ikindi kirimo kandi kafeyine n'ibintu byinshi byakuwe mu bimera. Nubwo igipimo cy'ubururu bwa metilene kirimo cyaba kimwe, ibyo bicuruzwa ntibitandukaniye gusa ku buryo bigaragara. Ingaruka zavuzwe nyuma yo gukoresha uruvange ntizishobora guhita zitirirwa ubururu bwa metilene. Ibindi biyigize, ingano yabyo, imikoranire yabyo n'ibihe byakoreshejwemo bikomeza kuba impamvu zishoboka.
Icyo ntarengwa kimwe gikurikizwa no ku bimenyetso bitifuzwa. Ubuhamya buvuga gusa ikinyabutabire cyashyizwe imbere busiga amakuru ashobora kuba ari ingenzi. Ku muganga cyangwa umuhanga mu by'imiti usuzuma ibyerekeye ikoreshwa ry'igicuruzwa, bika urutonde rwuzuye rw'ibiyigize, ingano zabyo, nimero y'icyiciro cy'ibicuruzwa, igihe cyakoreshejwe n'ibindi bicuruzwa byakoreshejwe. Niba ufite ibimenyetso, shaka inama z'umuganga aho kugerageza kwemeza icyabiteye wongeye gukoresha igicuruzwa.
Iri gereranya ni ingenzi kandi igihe uhindura hagati y'ibinini byoroshye bihekenywa n'ibitonyanga by'amazi cyangwa imiti iri mu dusashi dushonga, ibinini n'imiti y'amazi. Gereranya uruvange rwose kuri buri gipimo cyagaragajwe, aho kureba gusa ikinyabutabire cyashyizwe imbere ku kirango.
Mbere yo guhitamo igicuruzwa, menya ibikigize byose, igipimo cy'irangi ririmo, icyo kigenewe gukoreshwa n'inyandiko zibishyigikira. Buri kimwe gisubiza ikibazo cyihariye. Urutonde rw'ibiyigize ni aho iryo suzuma rihera, si aho rirangirira.