Isihloko
Izinzuzo ze-methylene blue: lokho okusekelwa ucwaningo lwabantu
I-methylene blue inokusetshenziswa kwezokwelapha okuqinisekisiwe, kodwa lokho akuyiqinisekisi njengesithasiselo sempilo jikelele. Ucwaningo lwabantu luhlanganisa ukuhlola okuncane ngenkumbulo nangokugaywa kwezinto ebuchosheni, ucwaningo emaqenjini athile eziguli, nemiphumela engahambisani nezimangalo ezithandwayo zokwandisa amandla. Umbuzo owusizo uthi: inzuzo kubani, elinganiswa ngamuphi umphumela?
Umuthi ungakwazi ukulungisa inqubo ethile yesifo ngaphandle kokuthuthukisa isimiso esivele sinempilo. Ushintsho esithombeni sokuskenwa kobuchopho lungabonisa ukuthi into ethile iyasebenza ngaphandle kokubonisa ukuthi umuntu ucabanga ngokucace kakhudlwana. Ukugcina lezi zinto zihlukanisiwe kushintsha indlela ubufakazi obuqondwa ngayo.
Iyiphi inzuzo eqinisekisiwe?
E-United States, ulwazi lokunquma ukusetshenziswa kwe-ProvayBlue efakwa emthanjeni luchaza ukwelashwa kwe-methemoglobinemia etholakala kamuva kubantu abadala nasezinganeni. Kulesi simo, i-oxidation ishintsha i-hemoglobin ukuze ingakwazi ukuthwala umoya-mpilo ngendlela evamile. I-methylene blue isiza ukubuyisela leyo hemoglobin eshintshile esimweni sayo esikwazi ukusebenza.
Lokhu ukwelashwa okuqondene nesimo esithile, okunokwakheka komkhiqizo, indlela yokuwufaka emzimbeni, ukuxilongwa, nokuqapha okuchaziwe. Akusho ukuthi isixazululo esidayiswa ezitolo esiphuzwa ngomlomo sandisa ukufinyeleliswa komoya-mpilo noma sithuthukisa impilo yomuntu ongenayo i-methemoglobinemia. Lo mehluko uphathelene nalokho okwaqinisekiswa, hhayi nokuthi le nto inomsebenzi yini ezinqubweni zomzimba.
Ithebula lobufakazi besimangalo ngasinye
Leli thebula lihlukanisa imiphumela ezigulini nezilinganiso zokuhlola. Liyimephu yobufakazi egxile ezintweni ezithile, hhayi uhlu lwazo zonke izindlela zokusetshenziswa eziphakanyisiwe. Okutholakele okuhle kusebenza ngaphansi kwezimo zocwaningo ezibonisiwe.
| Isimangalo senzuzo | Abantu nezimo zocwaningo | Umphumela olinganisiwe nokutholakele | Umkhawulo oyinhloko |
|---|---|---|---|
| Ukwelapha i-methemoglobinemia etholakala kamuva | Abantu abadala nezingane abathola umkhiqizo onqunywe udokotela ofakwa emthanjeni | Ukubuyiselwa kwe-hemoglobin esebenzayo kuyisisekelo sokusetshenziswa okugunyaziwe okungenhla | Ukwelashwa okuqondene nesifo esithile, hhayi ubufakazi bokuthuthukiswa kwempilo jikelele |
| Ukuthuthukisa inkumbulo noma ukunaka | Isivivinyo sango-2016 sokwabiwa okungahleliwe: abantu abadala abaphilile abangu-26; ukunikezwa kanye ngomlomo kuqhathaniswa ne-placebo; ukuhlolwa ngemva kwehora elilodwa | Ukusebenza kobuchopho okuhlobene nomsebenzi kwashintsha; ukuthuthuka okucishe kube ngu-7% ezimpendulweni ezilungile zokukhumbula eqenjini le-methylene blue | Ukuqhathanisa ushintsho ekuziphatheni ngokomuthi nangesikhathi kwakungabalulekile ngokwezibalo, P = .09; isikhathi sokusabela ekuhlolweni kokunaka asizange sithuthuke |
| Ukwandisa amandla obuchopho | Ukuhlola kwango-2023 kokushintshanisa ukwelashwa: abesifazane abaphilile abayisishiyagalombili; i-methylene blue efakwa emthanjeni ngamazinga amabili okuvezwa kuyo ne-placebo ngezinsuku ezihlukene | Ukugeleza kwegazi ebuchosheni nokusetshenziswa komoya-mpilo okulinganisiwe kwehla | Ucwaningo oluncane lwemisebenzi yomzimba yesikhathi esifushane; alusona isivivinyo sempilo jikelele somkhiqizo ophuzwa ngomlomo, futhi alubona ubufakazi bokulimala noma benzuzo kwezokwelapha |
| Ukunciphisa ukucindezeleka noma ukukhathazeka | Isivivinyo sika-Alda nozakwabo sesifo se-bipolar: ababambiqhaza abangu-37 abathatha i-lamotrigine; ukushintshanisa ukwelashwa kwezinyanga eziyisithupha kuqhathaniswa imithamo ephezulu nephansi ephuzwa ngomlomo | Izimpawu ezisele zokucindezeleka nokukhathazeka zancipha; imiphumela emandleni okuqonda yayingabalulekile ngokwezibalo | Ukwelashwa okwengezwe kokunye eqenjini elikhethiwe leziguli; ukuqhathaniswa nomthamo ophansi onento esebenzayo; akukwazi ukuqinisekisa ukuthuthukiswa kwesimo sengqondo jikelele |
| Ukwelapha isifo i-Alzheimer | Isivivinyo se-LMTM sesigaba 3 sango-2016: iziguli ezingu-891 ezinesifo esisezingeni elincane noma elimaphakathi; izinyanga ezingu-15 | Ukuhlaziywa okuyinhloko okwakunqunywe kusengaphambili akutholanga nzuzo emandleni okuqonda noma emisebenzini yansuku zonke ngemithamo ephezulu uma iqhathaniswa neqembu lokulawula elithola umthamo ophansi | I-LMTM iwukwakheka okuhlukile kwe-methylthioninium esesimweni esincishisiwe; imiphumela yayo ayikwazi ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza kwamaconsi e-methylene blue adayiswa ezitolo |
| Ukuthuthukisa ukululama ekushaqekeni okubangelwa i-sepsis | Isivivinyo sango-2023 esikhungweni esisodwa: kwahlaziywa iziguli ezingu-91; ukwelashwa okufakwa emthanjeni kwengezwa ekunakekelweni okujulile kuqhathaniswa ne-placebo | Isikhathi esimaphakathi sokuyeka imithi ebamba imithambo yegazi sasingamahora angu-69 uma kuqhathaniswa nangu-94 | Ukufa kwakufana; isivivinyo sasingenawo amandla ezibalo anele okuqinisekisa inzuzo yokusinda; isimo sokwelashwa esibhedlela |
| Ukunciphisa ijubane lokuguga kwesikhumba | Ukuhlola kwango-2017 ngama-fibroblast nesikhumba esakhiwe kabusha: amaseli abantu akhuliswa elabhorethri namamodeli ezicubu anezinhlangothi ezintathu | Izinguquko zahlanganisa ukuncipha kwengcindezi ye-oxidation nokuthuthuka komswakama nogqinsi lwesikhumba esiyimodeli | Izinto ezithathwe kubantu azisona isivivinyo esenziwa kubantu; abukho ubufakazi lapha bokuthi ukuphuza i-methylene blue kunciphisa imibimbi |
| Ukwelula isikhathi sokuphila kwabantu | Ukubuyekezwa kocwaningo lwango-2021 ngokulwa nokuguga kuxoxa ngezindlela zokusebenza, ukuhlola ngamaseli, ucwaningo lwezilwane, nocwaningo olukhethiwe lwezokwelapha | Ukuba nokwenzeka ngokwezinqubo zomzimba nemiphumela yokuhlola ehlobene nokuguga | Ukubuyekezwa akusona isivivinyo sesikhathi sokuphila kwabantu; okutholakele okucashuniwe akuqinisekisi ukuphila isikhathi eside kwabantu |
Ucwaningo lwenkumbulo lubonisa okungakanani?
Inani elingu-7% lidinga ukuchazwa kanye nokuthi liqhathaniswa nani. Ukuthuthuka kusukela ezingeni leqembu uqobo ekuqaleni akufani nenzuzo eqinisekisiwe ngaphezu kwe-placebo. Ukuphinda umsebenzi kungathuthukisa indlela umuntu awenza ngayo ngenxa yokujwayela, okungesinye isizathu sokubaluleka kweqembu lokulawula.
Esivivinyweni esingenhla, ukuqhathaniswa kwezinguquko zamaqembu ngokwezibalo akufinyelelanga emkhawulweni ojwayelekile wokubaluleka ngokwezibalo. Lokho akufakazeli ukuthi kwakungekho mphumela. Kwenza okutholakele ngokuziphatha kube ubufakazi bokuqala. Futhi ukwanda kokusebenza okubonakala ezithombeni zobuchopho okuhlobene nomsebenzi akuqinisekisi ukunaka okuthuthukile kwansuku zonke, ukusebenza emsebenzini, noma ukuvikeleka ekuwohlokeni komqondo. Bheka ukubuyekezwa kobufakazi benkumbulo namandla okuqonda ukuze uthole ukuhlolwa okuqondene nomphumela ngamunye.
Ingabe i-methylene blue yandisa amandla?
“Amandla” angasho ukuzizwa ungakhathali kangako, ukukhiqiza i-ATP eningi kumaseli, ukusebenzisa umoya-mpilo omningi, noma ukuzivocavoca isikhathi eside. Lezi yimiphumela ehlukene elinganiswayo. Ubufakazi bomunye abunakusetshenziswa esikhundleni sobomunye ngaphandle kokucacisa.
Ucwaningo lwabesifazane abayisishiyagalombili lufundisa kakhulu ngoba abacwaningi babelindele ukwanda kokugaywa kwezinto ebuchosheni, kodwa babona okuphambene nalokho. Ukuhlola okuhlukile ngamagundane nakho kwathola ukwehla kokugeleza kwegazi nokugaywa kwe-glucose ngaphansi kwezimo ezahlolwa. Ababhali baxoxa ngemiphumela encike kumthamo nangokuthi kungenzeka ubuchopho obuphilile busabele ngendlela ehlukile kunezinhlelo ezikhubazekile.
Lokhu akuvezi elinye izinga lokuvezwa entweni elithuthukisa amandla ngokuthembekile. Ukufakwa emthanjeni nokuphuzwa ngomlomo nakho kubangela amaphethini ahlukene okuvezwa kuyo emzimbeni. Ucwaningo lusekela ukuhlola indlela yokusebenza ngokuqondile kunokucabanga ukuthi ukusebenza kwama-mitochondria kuhlala kwanda. Ukubuyekezwa kwethu kobufakazi bama-mitochondria kuhlola lowo mehluko ngokuningiliziwe.
Kungani imiphumela yezilwane namaseli inganqumi izimangalo zempilo
Ukuhlola okwenziwa ngaphambi kwezivivinyo kubantu kusiza ukuthola izindlela zokusebenza nokunquma ukuthi yini efanele ukuhlolwa kubantu. Kungalawula ngokunembile ukugxila kwento ezungeze iseli, kudale ukulimala okuthile esilwaneni, noma kulinganise izinguquko ezicutshini okungelula ukuzicwaninga kubantu.
Lezo zinzuzo ziphinde zikhawulele ukusetshenziswa kwemiphumela kubantu. Ukuvikela iseli elifakwe ngaphansi kwengcindezi ekuhlolweni akubonisi ukuthi umuntu omdala ophilile uzozizwa engcono. Isampula lesikhumba esakhiwe kabusha alilingisi ukujikeleza kwegazi komuntu, ukugaywa kwezinto emzimbeni, ukusetshenziswa kwemithi, noma iminyaka yokuvezwa entweni. Ucwaningo lwesikhumba luyisibonelo esicacile: ukuthi sivela kumuntu akuguquli izilinganiso zezicubu zaselabhorethri zibe yimiphumela yobuhle eqinisekiswe kubantu.
Ngokufanayo, ukubuyekezwa okunesihloko esiqukethe “ukulwa nokuguga” kungafingqa ukuhlola okuthembisayo ngaphandle kokuqinisekisa ukuphila isikhathi eside. Hlukanisa umphumela ophakanyiswayo nalowo owalinganiswa ngempela. Ukubuyekezwa kobufakazi bokuphila isikhathi eside nokulwa nokuguga kulandela lowo mbuzo kulo lonke ucwaningo.
Ingabe izinzuzo zihlukile kwabesilisa nabesifazane?
Ucwaningo olutholakalayo aluqinisekisi izinzuzo ezihlukene zempilo jikelele ngokobulili. Isampula locwaningo lwemisebenzi yomzimba elinabesifazane kuphela lisitshela ukuthi ngobani ababamba iqhaza; ngaphandle kokuqhathanisa nabesilisa, alikwazi ukubonisa ukusabela okuqondene nabesifazane kuphela. Ucwaningo olubandakanya bobubili ubulili nalo ludinga amanani anele kanye nokuqhathanisa okuhleliwe ngaphambi kokusekela izimangalo zemiphumela ehlukene.
Kwabesilisa, ucwaningo oluhlolwe lapha aluqinisekisi izinzuzo ku-testosterone, ikhono lokuzala, noma ukusebenza ngokocansi. Kwabesifazane, aluqinisekisi ukudamba kwezimpawu zokunqamuka kokuya esikhathini noma ukulinganiswa kwamahomoni. Ukusesha okuqondiswe ezivivinyweni ze-testosterone nezokunqamuka kokuya esikhathini akutholanga ubufakazi obukholisayo bokwelashwa kubantu ngalezo zimangalo. Lokho kuyisitatimende ngobufakazi obutholakele, hhayi ubufakazi bokuthi yonke imiphumela engenzeka isikhishiwe.
Ukukhulelwa kushintsha ukuhlolwa kobungozi: ilebula yomuthi onqunywa udokotela ixwayisa ngokulimala okungase kwenzeke embungwini. Isimangalo esijwayelekile “sezinzuzo kwabesifazane” asikwazi ukususa lokho kukhathazeka.
Ingabe ikulungele?
Ayikho inzuzo ejwayelekile eqinisekisiwe ephendula lo mbuzo kubo bonke abafundi. Umphumela ohlosiwe, isimo sempilo, indlela yokufaka umuthi emzimbeni, neminye imithi konke kubalulekile. Ilebula yomuthi onqunywa udokotela ithi akufanele usetshenziswe uma kukhona ukuntuleka kwe-G6PD ngenxa yobungozi be-anemia ebangelwa ukubhujiswa kwamangqamuzana abomvu egazi, futhi ixwayisa nge-serotonin syndrome enzima uma usetshenziswa nemithi ethinta i-serotonin nama-opioid. Funda ukubuka konke kwemiphumela engemihle nezimo lapho kungafanele usetshenziswe khona kanye nanoma yisiphi isimangalo senzuzo.
Ngaphambi kokuthatha ucwaningo olunemiphumela emihle njengesincomo esiqondene nawe, thola ukuthi kwacwaningwa ngobani, kwaqhathaniswa nani, kwalinganiswa muphi umphumela, nokuthi isikhathi sokulandelela sasiyingakanani. Buza ukuthi umphumela uphathelene nezimpawu noma ukusebenza kwansuku zonke, noma uyisilinganiso saselabhorethri kuphela. Letha ucwaningo oluqondile nemininingwane yomkhiqizo engxoxweni nochwepheshe wezempilo usebenzisa le mibuzo okufanele uyibuze nge-methylene blue. Ungashintshi imithi oyinqunyelwe ukuze ukwazi ukusebenzisa uhlelo lokuthuthukisa impilo olusahlolwa.