Ese methylene blue yongera ingufu cyangwa igabanya umunaniro?

Methylene blue ntiragaragazwa nk'umuti wizewe w'umunaniro wo mu buzima bwa buri munsi cyangwa nk'ikintu cyongera ingufu mu bantu bafite ubuzima bwiza. Ishakisha ryakorewe iyi nyandiko ntiryabonye ibimenyetso byemeza, biva mu bushakashatsi bugenzurwa ku bantu, ko ituma umunaniro ugabanuka mu gihe kirekire, ko ibikorwa bisanzwe bya buri munsi bigenda neza kurushaho, cyangwa ko umuntu agarura imbaraga neza nyuma y'imyitozo. Amagerageza amwe agaragaza ingaruka ku mikorere y'umubiri. Icyo ni igisubizo gifite aho kigarukira kurusha kugaragaza ko abantu bumva bameze neza kandi bakora neza kurushaho.

Urujijo rutangirira ku ijambo ingufu. Muri laboratwari, rishobora kuvuga ikoreshwa rya ogisijeni cyangwa ikorwa rya ATP, molekile iha ingufu ibikorwa byo mu tugirabuzimafatizo. Mu buzima busanzwe, rishobora kuvuga gukomeza kuba maso, kwibanda ku kintu, kugira ubushake bwo gukora, kugenda intera ndende kurushaho, cyangwa kugarura imbaraga nyuma y'imbaraga zakoreshejwe. Igisubizo cyo mu cyiciro kimwe ntigihita gisubiza ibibazo byo mu bindi.

Icyo ubushakashatsi kuri mitokondiriya bwapimye koko

Methylene blue ishobora kwakira no gutanga elegitoroni. Iyo miterere yayo mu by'ubutabire iha abashakashatsi impamvu yo gusuzuma ingaruka zayo ku buhumekero bwa mitokondiriya. Ntabwo bivuze ko buri kwiyongera k'ubwo buhumekero ari ingirakamaro.

Mu igerageza rya Visarius na bagenzi be ryo mu 1997 ku mwijima w'imbeba, abashakashatsi bize mitokondiriya zari zatandukanyijwe n'utugirabuzimafatizo, harimo n'izari zashyizwe muri chloroacetaldehyde. Methylene blue yongereye ubuhumekero, ariko uko ubwinshi bwayo mu mvange bwiyongeraga, yanagabanyije ibipimo by'imigenzurire y'ubuhumekero kandi itera mitokondiriya kubyimba. Abanditsi basobanuye ko habaye gutandukana kw'ikorwa rya ATP no gukoresha ogisijeni mu buryo bwa oxidative phosphorylation. Uko gutandukana bivuga ko ikoreshwa rya ogisijeni n'ikorwa rya ATP bitaba bigihujwe cyane nk'uko byari bisanzwe. Bityo, gupima ikoreshwa rya ogisijeni ryiyongereye ntibyemeza ko umuntu afite ingufu nyinshi ashobora gukoresha.

Ubushakashatsi bwo mu 2017 kuri mitokondiriya zatandukanyijwe n'utugirabuzimafatizo two mu mitima y'imbeba zirwaye diyabete n'izifite ubuzima bwiza bwabonye ko ikoreshwa rya ogisijeni ryiyongereye nyuma yo kongera methylene blue mu cyitegererezo. Ingaruka zayo kuri perogiside ya hidurojeni zaterwaga n'ikinyabutabire cyatanzwe nk'isoko y'ingufu: irekurwa ryayo ryiyongereye hakoreshejwe glutamate na malate, ariko riragabanuka hakoreshejwe succinate. Kuvuga ko igabanuka ryangizwa riterwa na okisidasiyo, nk'uko biri mu mutwe w'ubwo bushakashatsi, bisaba no gusobanura icyo kintu.

Nta na rimwe muri ayo magerageza ryavuraga abakorerabushake bananiwe, ryapimye igipimo cy'umunaniro w'umurwayi, cyangwa ryagerageje kureba niba umuntu yashoboraga kurangiza umunsi w'akazi ataruhijwe cyane. Agaragaza impamvu uko icyitegererezo cy'igerageza cyateguwe, ubwinshi bw'ikinyabutabire mu mvange, n'igisubizo cyapimwe ari ingenzi.

Imbonerahamwe y'ibimenyetso ishingiye ku bisubizo

Koresha iyi mbonerahamwe kugira ngo ugenzure icyo ikivugwa gishingiyeho koko. “Bugenzurwa” bisobanura uko igereranya ryakozwe, naho abantu cyangwa inyamaswa byizwe n'igisubizo cyapimwe bikagena ikibazo iryo gereranya rishobora gusubiza.

Ubushakashatsi n'ibisubizo byabwo biraganirwaho hano; isomero ry'ubushakashatsi kuri methylene blue rishyira inyandiko nyinshi mu byiciro hakurikijwe abizwe n'ubwoko bw'ubushakashatsi.

Ese ubushakashatsi ku bwonko bw'abantu bugaragaza ko barushaho kuba maso?

Ubushakashatsi bwo mu 2016 bwakoresheje amashusho y'ubwonko ku bantu bakuru 26 bafite ubuzima bwiza, bashyizwe mu matsinda ku buryo bwa tombola, bukunze gukoreshwa mu gushyigikira ibivugwa muri rusange ku bushobozi bwo gutekereza. Nyuma yo guhabwa methylene blue mu kanwa rimwe, abashakashatsi bapimye ibimenyetso byo mu mashusho y'ubwonko, kwibanda ku kintu igihe kirekire, n'ibikorwa by'ukwibuka kw'igihe gito. Igihe cyo kwitabira mu gikorwa gisaba kuba maso nticyagaragaje imikoranire ifatika y'umuti n'igihe, aho P = .43.

“Ukwibuka kwiyongereyeho 7%” bikunze gusubirwamo byari impinduka yapimwe mbere na nyuma mu itsinda ryahawe methylene blue. Isuzuma ry'imikoranire ryarebaga niba impinduka yari itandukanye hagati y'itsinda ryahawe umuti n'iryahawe placebo ntiryagaragaje itandukaniro rifatika mu ibarurishamibare, aho P = .09. Ibyo ntibyemeza ko methylene blue nta ngaruka igira ku bushobozi bwo gutekereza. Bivuga ko iki gisubizo kitagomba gutangwa nk'icyagaragaje inyungu ya 7% ugereranyije na placebo, ndetse ntikigomba rwose kuvugwa nk'ukwiyongera kw'ingufu kwa 7%.

Mu igerageza rya Singh na bagenzi be ryo mu 2023 ryakoresheje amashusho y'ubwonko bw'abantu, abagore umunani bafite ubuzima bwiza bitabiriye igice cy'igerageza cya placebo n'ibice bibiri bya methylene blue inyuzwa mu mutsi, bikurikirana ku buryo bwa tombola. Amaraso atembera mu bwonko n'ikoreshwa rya ogisijeni mu bwonko ryagereranyijwe byaragabanutse, bitandukanye n'ibyo abashakashatsi bari biteze mbere. Ubushakashatsi bwanakusanyije ibipimo by'ingufu n'uko abo bagore bumvaga bameze nyuma yo guhabwa ibinyuzwa mu mutsi. Ntibwari igerageza ryo kuvura umunaniro mu gihe kirekire, gufata inyongera mu kanwa buri munsi, cyangwa gusubira mu bikorwa bisanzwe kw'abarwayi bafite umunaniro.

Ubu bushakashatsi bushyigikira gukomeza gusuzuma ingaruka ku bwonko. Ibipimo byabwo ntibishobora guhurizwa mu magambo yoroshye avuga ko methylene blue “yongera ingufu z'ubwonko.” Isuzuma ryagutse ry'ibimenyetso by'inyungu ku bantu ritandukanya ibindi bibazo byo mu buvuzi n'aya magerageza.

Ubushobozi mu myitozo no kugarura imbaraga

Ubushakashatsi ku myitozo y'inyamaswa butanga igisubizo gifitanye isano n'ubushobozi bwo gukora kurusha isuzuma rya mitokondiriya zatandukanyijwe n'utugirabuzimafatizo, ariko ubwoko bw'inyamaswa n'inzira umuti watanzwemo biracyafite akamaro. Mu bushakashatsi bwa Peng na bagenzi be bwo mu 2025, imbeba zagiye zikoreshwa imyitozo yo koga kugeza zinaniwe cyane, maze zihabwa methylene blue mu mazuru nyuma y'ibice by'imyitozo. Itsinda ryahawe umuti ryagaragaje igihe kirekire mbere yo kunanirwa cyane n'ubushobozi bwiza kurushaho mu bikorwa by'imyitwarire, hamwe n'impinduka mu bipimo by'iyangirika ry'ubwonko.

Ubu ntibwari ubushakashatsi ku myitozo y'abantu, kandi gutanga umuti mu mazuru ntibishobora gufatwa kimwe no kuwufata mu kanwa. Ntibwemeza ko abantu bashobora kurangiza isiganwa vuba kurushaho, kongera imbaraga, kugabanya ububabare bw'imikaya ku munsi ukurikira, cyangwa kugarura imbaraga vuba. Igerageza ry'ingirakamaro ku bantu ryapima igisubizo cy'ubushobozi bwo gukora cyangwa cyo kugarura imbaraga cyagenwe mbere, rikakigereranya na placebo, kandi rikandika ingaruka mbi. Ibipimo bya mitokondiriya byafasha gusobanura igisubizo, ariko ntibyagisimbura.

Kumva ufite ingufu nyinshi ni icyabonetse, si impamvu yabiteye

Umuntu wumva ameze neza nyuma yo gufata ikintu ashobora kuba avuga impinduka nziza yabaye koko. Ikitazwi neza ni icyayiteye n'igihe imara. Gusinzira, kafeyine, igihe cyo gufata amafunguro, impinduka mu bwinshi bw'akazi, ibyo umuntu yiteze, n'impinduka zisanzwe z'ibimenyetso bishobora kubaho mu gihe kimwe no gufata ikinyabutabire gishya. Inkuru yatoranyijwe kubera ko yavugaga ibyiza bidasanzwe na yo ivuga bike ku byabaye ku bantu bose bakigerageje.

Urugero, “Narangije amasaha abiri y'akazi ko ku mpapuro” bitanga amakuru menshi kurushaho iyo biherekejwe n'amakuru yo ku bitotsi by'ijoro ryabanje, ibiruhuko, ibindi bintu umuntu yafashe, n'uko yashoboye gukora nyuma yaho uwo munsi. Kumva ushishikaye ariko usinzira nabi ni igisubizo gitandukanye no kugira umunaniro muke mu cyumweru cyose. Nta na kimwe muri ibyo, cyonyine, cyerekana uburyo mitokondiriya zikora bwabiteye.

Umunaniro udashira na ME/CFS bisaba isuzuma ryihariye

Umunaniro udashira cyangwa ugenda wiyongera, udafite impamvu izwi, ukwiriye gusuzumirwa icyawuteye aho guhita hafatwa ko mitokondiriya zikeneye gukangurwa. Ikibazo cyo mu buvuzi gifite akamaro giterwa n'imiterere y'ibimenyetso, amateka y'ubuzima, ibitotsi, n'imiti.

ME/CFS na yo itandukanye n'umunaniro usanzwe. Kumererwa nabi nyuma yo gukoresha imbaraga bikubiyemo kwiyongera k'uburwayi nyuma y'igikorwa, akenshi bikagaragara nyuma y'igihe. CDC isobanura ko ubusanzwe biboneka nyuma y'amasaha 12 kugeza kuri 48, kandi ibimenyetso bishobora kumara iminsi cyangwa ibyumweru. Isaha imwe umuntu yumva ameze neza ntishobora kwemeza ko yarushijeho kumererwa neza niba iminsi ikurikiraho arushaho kumererwa nabi. Isuzuma ry'ibimenyetso kuri ME/CFS no kumererwa nabi nyuma yo gukoresha imbaraga rivuga ku byemezwa byihariye kuri ubwo burwayi n'uburyo bwo kwandika ibimenyetso bitinda kugaragara, hatageragezwa gukora ibikorwa kugeza ku rugero ntarengwa umuntu ashobora kwihanganira.

Methylene blue kandi ifite ingaruka zikomeye zishobora guteza akaga. Amakuru yo muri Amerika agenewe abatanga umuti wa PROVAYBLUE inyuzwa mu mutsi yerekeye methemoglobinemia itari iyo umuntu yavukanye. Aburira ko kuyikoresha hamwe n'imiti igira ingaruka kuri serotonine n'imiti yo mu bwoko bwa opioids bishobora gutera sindorome ikomeye ya serotonine, kandi abuza kuyikoresha mu bantu bafite ubuke bwa G6PD kubera ibyago byo kugira ikibazo cy'amaraso make giterwa no gusenyuka kw'insoro zitukura. Ntashyiraho gahunda yo kuyifata mu kanwa hagamijwe kumererwa neza. Soma amabwiriza y'umutekano wa methylene blue n'igihe itagomba gukoreshwa ufite amakuru y'igicuruzwa nyirizina n'urutonde rw'imiti ufata; ntuhagarike imiti wandikiwe kugira ngo ubone uko uyikoresha.