Methylene blue n’abana: imikoreshereze mu buvuzi n’ibyuho mu bimenyetso

Methylene blue ifite imikoreshereze yemejwe mu buvuzi bw’abana, ariko ibyo ntibituma buri gicuruzwa kiyirimo kiba kibereye abana. Amabwiriza yo kwandika umuti wa PROVAYBLUE muri Amerika yerekeye kuvura methemoglobinemia itari iy’akavukire hakoreshejwe umuti utangwa mu mutsi. Ntiyemeza gahunda yo kuwunywa hagamijwe imibereho myiza, kuwusiga mu munwa w’uruhinja, cyangwa kuwukoresha mu kuvura uburyaryate bwo mu gace gatwikirwa na diyapere.

Bityo, ikibazo ngo “Ese methylene blue nta ngaruka iteza abana?” gikeneye ibindi bisobanuro bine: indwara yasuzumwe, imyaka y’umwana, imiterere nyayo y’umuti n’uburyo utangwa. Hatabayeho ibyo bisobanuro, icyo kibazo kivanga ibyemezo byinshi bitandukanye byo mu buvuzi.

Icyo gukoresha methylene blue mu buvuzi bw’abana bisobanura

Methemoglobinemia ni indwara y’amaraso aho hemoglobine yahindutse idashobora gutwara ogisijeni uko bisanzwe. Imiti n’ibinyabutabire bimwe bishobora kuyitera. Ubuvuzi bwayo bwibanda ku kugeza ogisijeni mu mubiri, si ku kuntu igisebe cyo mu munwa cyangwa uburyaryate bwo ku ruhu bisa. Ibisobanuro byacu ku buvuzi bwa methemoglobinemia mu bitaro bisobanura icyo kibazo cyihariye cyo mu buvuzi.

Amakuru y’umuti wa Proveblue mu Burayi avuga ko ugomba gutangwa n’umukozi w’ubuzima kandi akubiyemo abarwayi bafite imyaka kuva kuri 0 kugeza kuri 17. Mu mabwiriza yo kwandika umuti, atandukanya impinja zikivuka n’abana batararenza amezi atatu n’abana bakuru. Asobanura kandi ko impinja zikiri nto cyane zishobora kwibasirwa by’umwihariko n’ingaruka zawo, akanavuga igenzura rikenewe mu gihe cy’ubuvuzi. Iryo tandukaniro rifite akamaro na mbere yo gutekereza ku yindi ndwara cyangwa ubundi buryo bwo gutanga umuti.

Icyemezo cyo mu bitaro kigereranya inyungu zo kuvura indwara yagaragajwe n’ingaruka zishobora kugera kuri uwo murwayi. Icyivugo kigenewe abaguzi kivuga ko umuti wongera ubushobozi bwo kwit集中a cyangwa imbaraga z’umwana muzima gihera ku yindi nyungu iteganyijwe kandi gikeneye ibimenyetso byacyo bwite. Kuba icyemezo cya mbere kibaho ntibitanga ibimenyetso bibura ku cya kabiri.

Incamake y’ibimenyetso hakurikijwe imyaka n’aho umuti ukoreshwa

Incamake ikurikira ihuza amatsinda y’imyaka n’aho umuti ukoreshwa hashyigikiwe koko n’amasoko y’amakuru. Imibare yo muri Amerika iva mu gice cya 8.4 cy’amabwiriza ari kuri DailyMed ubu, yagenzuwe ku wa 12 Nzeri 2026. Ivuga iby’ubushakashatsi bubiri bwasubiye mu nyandiko z’abarwayi bavuwe, aho abana babiri bahawe PROVAYBLUE naho cumi na babiri bagahabwa undi muti wa methylene blue.

Ibi ni ibyiciro by’ibimenyetso, si imbonerahamwe y’ingano y’umuti igomba gutangwa. Ubushakashatsi busubira mu nyandiko z’abarwayi bwandika ibyabaye mu buvuzi; ntibugabanya abana mu matsinda ku buryo bwa tombola kugira ngo bugereranye uburyo butandukanye bwo kuvura. Bushobora kuba bufite agaciro gakomeye ku kibazo cyihutirwa gisobanuwe neza, ariko bukagira agaciro gake ku yindi mikoreshereze itajyanye na cyo. Ubushakashatsi ku bantu bakuru buri mu mbonerahamwe busobanuwe hepfo.

Ibisebe byo mu munwa, kubabara mu muhogo n’ubwandu bwa Candida mu munwa w’impinja ni ibibazo bitandukanye

Ababyeyi bahura n’inama zo gukoresha methylene blue kuri “stomatitis,” utubara two mu muhogo, ububabare bwo kumera amenyo n’ubwandu bwa Candida mu munwa. Ayo magambo ntasobanura ikintu kimwe. Stomatitis isobanura kubyimbirwa ko mu munwa; ntigaragaza icyabiteye. Igisebe cyo mu munwa gishobora gukenera isuzuma ritandukanye n’iry’umuhogo wabyimbye, kandi gukeka Candida bisaba ibirenze kubona agace k’umweru cyangwa gatukura.

Ikibazo cy’umubyeyi ku kuvura umunwa w’umwana w’amezi ane kigaragaza uko ibintu bishobora kuba bitarasobanuka: ibibazo byavuzwe byarimo ibyagaragaye mu muhogo n’ibihe byo guhumeka bigoranye. Ibiganiro nk’ibyo bigaragaza ibyo imiryango ibwirwa. Ntibyemeza indwara yasuzumwe cyangwa ngo bigenzure niba ubuvuzi buteganyijwe bukora.

Igerageza ryo mu cyiciro cya 2 ryo mu 2022 ku kubyimbirwa k’ururenda guterwa n’ubuvuzi bwa kanseri, ryagabanyije abitabiriye mu matsinda ku buryo bwa tombola ryarangiye abantu bakuru 60 bararyitabiriye kugeza ku musozo. Ryagereranyije kwoza umunwa na methylene blue byongewe ku buvuzi busanzwe n’ubuvuzi busanzwe bwonyine. Igipimo nyamukuru cyari ihinduka ry’ububabare mu minsi ibiri, hakurikiranywa ingaruka kugeza ku minsi 30. Ryagaragaje kugabanuka kw’ububabare; bamwe mu bitabiriye bagize ibyiyumvo byo gushya mu munwa. Ubu bwari ubushakashatsi ku gukomereka kubabaza kw’ingirangingo mu gihe cyo kuvura kanseri, si ukwerekana ko methylene blue ikiza ubwandu bw’umwana.

Iryo tandukaniro rireba n’ubushakashatsi ku miti irwanya ibihumyo. Igerageza ry’ibanze ryo mu 2026 kuri candidiasis yo mu munwa ryitabiriwe n’abantu 18, rigereranya ubuvuzi bwa methylene blue bukangurwa n’urumuri bukorewe kwa muganga w’amenyo na nystatin mu minsi 14. Inyandiko y’ubushakashatsi ishyirwa mu cyiciro cy’ab abantu bakuru n’abari mu kigero cyo hagati. Yasuzumye uko ibimenyetso by’indwara byahindutse n’uko ibihumyo byavanyweho, isaba ko hakorwa ubushakashatsi bunini kurushaho. Gukangura umuti hakoreshejwe urumuri byari igice cy’ubuvuzi. Gukuramo icyo gice, guhindura itsinda ry’imyaka no guhindura uburyo bwo gukoresha umuti bituma havuka ikibazo gishya cy’ubuvuzi.

Uruhinja kandi ntirushobora gukurikiza uburyo bw’umuntu mukuru bwo kwoza umunwa no gucira. Ingano isigara mu munwa, imirwa cyangwa ikwira ahandi yaba itandukanye. Ikiganiro cyacu kuri methylene blue ku bisebe byo mu munwa no kubabara mu muhogo gisuzuma mu buryo burambuye iryo tandukaniro ry’indwara zasuzumwe n’uburyo bwo gutanga umuti. Ubushakashatsi bwavuzwe haruguru ntibutanga gahunda yo gusiga umuti mu munwa w’abana mu rugo.

Bite ku gace gatwikirwa na diyapere?

Uburyaryate bwo mu gace gatwikirwa na diyapere ni ibisobanuro bishingiye ku hantu ikibazo kiri, si isuzuma ryemeza ubwandu bw’ibihumyo. Amabwiriza ya American Academy of Pediatrics ku buryaryate bukunze kuboneka mu gace gatwikirwa na diyapere atandukanya kurakara k’uruhu n’ubwandu bw’ibihumyo, ubwa bagiteri n’ibindi bitera icyo kibazo. Ubuhehere, kwikubanaho no guhura n’umwanda wo mu nda bishobora kwangiza uruhu kandi Candida itari yo yabanje kubitera. Ibihumyo bishobora kwiyongera ku buryaryate busanzwe buhari.

Iyo gutukura kugabanutse nyuma y’uko umuntu asize ibara, ibisobanuro byinshi bikomeza gushoboka: uruhu rushobora kuba rwarasukuye kenshi kurushaho, uko diyapere irukoraho bikaba byarahindutse, ikindi gicuruzwa kikaba cyarakoreshejwe, cyangwa uburyaryate bukaba bwaragabanutse uko igihe cyagiye gihita. Hatabayeho isuzuma ry’indwara n’igereranya rifite agaciro, kugabanuka kw’ikibazo ntigushobora kugaragaza igisobanuro nyacyo.

Amabwiriza y’imiti iterwa n’ubushakashatsi ku munwa w’abantu bakuru byasuzumwe ntibyemeza ubuvuzi bwa methylene blue ku kubyimbirwa k’uruhu rw’impinja mu gace gatwikirwa na diyapere. Ibyo ni imipaka y’aya masoko y’amakuru, si gihamya ko nta nyandiko ivuga kuyisiga ku ruhu iboneka ahandi hose. Iyo gutukura bikomeje cyangwa byiyongera, intambwe ikurikira y’ingirakamaro ni ugusuzuma icyabiteye. Umuriro, gutukura kubabaza kandi gukwira, amashyira cyangwa ibisebe birimo amazi bisaba kugisha inama umukozi w’ubuzima vuba.

Impamvu kubara ubwinshi bw’umuti mu gisukika bidashobora gutanga gahunda yo kuwukoresha ku mwana

Kubara ubwinshi bw’umuti mu gisukika bisubiza ikibazo cy’ingano y’ibintu iri mu bunini runaka bw’igisukika. Ntibishobora kugena niba ibyo bintu bigomba gukoreshwa, ingano umuntu akwiriye guhura na yo, cyangwa niba icyo gicuruzwa kibereye ingirangingo kigenewe gukoreshwaho. Guhindura ijanisha mo miligarama ntibikemura ibyo bibazo. No gukuba ingano umuntu mukuru afata agamije imibereho myiza n’umugabane w’uburemere bw’umwana ugereranyije n’ubw’umuntu mukuru ntibibikemura.

Amabwiriza ku bipimo by’ingano ya methylene blue asobanura ikibazo cy’ibipimo. Ikiganiro cyihariye ku miterere y’imiti iterwa no ku ikoreshwa ryayo mu mutsi gisobanura impamvu igisukika kigurishwa ku baguzi n’umuti wagenewe guterwa bidashobora gufatwa nk’ibisimburana.

Mbere yo gukoresha umuti wanditswe na muganga, menya neza:

1. Indwara iri kuvurwa n’inyungu iteganyijwe.
2. Umuti nyawo, uburyo bwo kuwutanga n’itsinda ry’imyaka bikubiye mu mabwiriza.
3. Niba iyo mikoreshereze yemejwe mu mabwiriza cyangwa ari icyemezo cyihariye cy’umurwayi cyo kuwukoresha hanze y’ibyemejwe.
4. Imiti n’imiterere y’ubuzima bigira uruhare mu cyemezo.
5. Uko ibisubizo by’ubuvuzi n’ingaruka zitifuzwa bizasuzumwa.

Ibice by’amakuru y’umuti mu Burayi bivuga igihe udakwiye gukoreshwa n’imikoranire yawo n’indi miti bigaragaza ibura rya G6PD n’imikoranire ishobora kuba ikomeye n’imiti igira uruhare kuri serotonine. Shyira umukozi w’ubuzima wandika umuti urutonde rwuzuye rw’imiti umwana akoresha, harimo n’ibicuruzwa bitagombera kwandikirwa na muganga. Amabwiriza rusange ku mutekano wo gukoresha methylene blue asobanura ibyo bibazo.

Niba iminwa y’umwana ihindutse ubururu cyangwa ikijuju, agahumeka bigoranye, akagwa cyangwa ntasubize uko bisanzwe ku buryo bugaragara, shaka ubufasha bwihutirwa aho kugerageza methylene blue mu rugo. Amabwiriza ya FDA ku bicuruzwa byifashishwa igihe impinja zimera amenyo asobanura ko benzocaine ishobora gutera methemoglobinemia. Gukeka ko umwana yahuye na yo bisaba isuzuma ryihutirwa; ntibitanga amabwiriza yo gukoresha umuti uyirwanya mu rugo.