Inyandiko
Gukoresha methylene blue buri munsi no mu gihe kirekire: ni iki cyakozweho ubushakashatsi?
Ubushakashatsi ntiburashyiraho gahunda rusange yo gukoresha methylene blue buri munsi ku bantu bakuru bafite ubuzima bwiza. Gukoresha methylene blue inshuro nyinshi ku bantu byarizwe, harimo n'igerageza rito ry'amezi atandatu ku barwayi bo mu rwego rw'indwara zo mu mutwe. Hari kandi ibigeragezo bimara igihe kirekire byakozwe ku buryo bwo kuyitegura bufitanye isano na yo ariko butandukanye mu miterere ya shimi. Nta na kimwe muri ibyo byiciro cyemeza ko igisubizo kigacuruzwa kitagaragaza neza imiterere yacyo gifite umutekano cyangwa inyungu iyo gikoreshwa igihe kitazwi.
Ikibazo gifite akamaro kirambuye kurusha kuvuga ngo “Hari uwigeze kubyiga mu gihe kirekire?” Ahubwo ni iki: ni iki kintu cyakoreshejwe, cyatanzwe mu buhe buryo, gihabwa bande, mu gihe kingana iki, kandi ni ibihe bipimo by'ibisubizo byapimwe?
Soma igihe cyo kuyikoresha n'igihe cyo gukurikirana bitandukanye
Igihe cyo kuyikoresha gisobanura igihe ubuvuzi bwatangwaga. Igihe cyo gukurikirana gisobanura igihe abashakashatsi bongeye gusuzuma abitabiriye ubushakashatsi nyuma yaho. Gukurikirana umuntu amezi atatu nyuma y'iminsi itanu y'ubuvuzi ntibisobanura ko yahawe ubuvuzi amezi atatu. Mu buryo nk'ubwo, kuba ubushakashatsi burangira imbeba zifite amezi 30 ntibisobanura byanze bikunze ko zavuwe amezi 30.
Ifoto yo ku gifuniko igaragaza iri tandukaniro mu buryo bw'igishushanyo. Utudomo turimo tugamije gusobanura, si amakuru yapimwe mu bushakashatsi. Imbonerahamwe ikurikira igaragaza ibihe nyakuri byavuye mu bushakashatsi bwatoranyijwe. “Nta kindi gihe cyihariye cyo gukurikirana cyatangajwe” bisobanura ko raporo yavuzwe itagaragaza ikindi gihe cyo kwitegereza umuntu atagihabwa ubuvuzi; ntibisobanura ko ibisubizo byose byashoboraga kugaragara nyuma byasuzumwe kandi byari bisanzwe.
Imbonerahamwe y'igihe ubushakashatsi bwamaze
| Ubushakashatsi n'icyakozweho | Uburyo bwo gutegura n'uburyo bwo gutanga | Igihe cyo kuyikoresha | Kwitegereza cyangwa gukurikirana | Ikibazo nyamukuru cyapimwe |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Rodriguez na bagenzi be: amashusho y'ubwonko bw'abantu bakuru bafite ubuzima bwiza | USP methylene blue, methylthioninium chloride; mu kanwa | Gutangwa rimwe | MRI y'ibanze n'indi yasubiwemo guhera nyuma y'iminota 60 | Impinduka z'ako kanya mu gutembera kw'amaraso mu bwonko no mu miyoboro y'imikorere, si umutekano w'igihe kirekire |
| Ibarra-Estrada na bagenzi be: abarwayi 91 bafite septic shock | Methylene blue iri muri saline; inyuzwa mu mutsi | Infusion eshatu za buri munsi, buri imwe imara amasaha atandatu | Ibisubizo by'ubuvuzi byasuzumwe kugeza ku munsi wa 28 | Ikoreshwa rya vasopressor, ibisubizo byo mu bitaro, impfu n'ingaruka mbi |
| Zoellner na bagenzi be: abitabiriye 42 bafite PTSD | Methylene blue; mu kanwa, hamwe na psychotherapy | Yatanzwe nyuma y'amasomo atanu ya buri munsi ya imaginal-exposure | Isuzuma kugeza ku gukurikirana kw'amezi atatu | Ibimenyetso n'imikorere nyuma y'ubufasha bugufi bwahuje uburyo bubiri |
| Gureev na bagenzi be: imbeba za C57BL/6 | MB ku nzego ebyiri zatangajwe zo kuyikoresha buri munsi; uburyo bwo kuyitanga ntibwasobanuwe neza mu buryo ubushakashatsi bwakozwemo | Ibyumweru bine | Gufata ingero z'umwanda buri cyumweru; ibizamini bya maze mu minsi itanu ya nyuma; nta kindi gihe cyihariye cyo gukira no gukurikirana cyatangajwe | Imiterere ya microbiome n'imikorere mu kizamini cya maze |
| Jena na Chainy: imbeba z'ingore za Wistar | Methylene blue mu mazi yo kunywa; mu kanwa | Iminsi 30 | Gufata amaraso, umwijima n'impyiko ku musozo | Ibipimo byatoranyijwe bya oxidative-stress na serum; inyamaswa eshanu muri buri tsinda |
| Alda na bagenzi be: abitabiriye 37 bafite bipolar disorder | Capsules za methylene blue; mu kanwa; urugero ruri hejuru rugereranywa n'urugero ruri hasi ariko rukora | Crossover y'ibyumweru 26: ibihe bibiri by'ubuvuzi by'ibyumweru 12 hiyongereyeho ibyumweru byo guhindura urugero no guhinduranya | Gusurwa buri gihe mu gihe cy'ubuvuzi; cognition yasuzumwe ku ntangiriro, ku byumweru 13 na 26 | Ibimenyetso by'imyumvire byasigaye, cognition n'uburyo kwihanganira ubuvuzi bwari busanzwe |
| Poudel na bagenzi be: gusaza kw'amagufa mu mbeba | MB mu mazi yo kunywa ku mbeba z'ingore za C57BL/6J zishaje; MB mu biryo ku mbeba z'ingabo n'iz'ingore za UM-HET3 | Amezi atandatu cyangwa 12 ku ngore zishaje; amezi 15 ku mbeba za UM-HET3, kuva ku mezi arindwi kugeza ku mezi 22 | Ibipimo by'amagufa ku bihe byagenwe byo kurangiza; nta kindi gihe cyo gukurikirana kidafite ubuvuzi | Imiterere y'amagufa ijyanye n'imyaka, si isuzuma ryuzuye ry'umutekano ku bantu |
| Gauthier na bagenzi be: abarwayi 891 bafite Alzheimer’s disease | Leuco-methylthioninium bis(hydromethanesulfonate), LMTM; mu kanwa | Igihe cy'ubuvuzi cy'amezi 15 cyagabanyijwemo amatsinda ku buryo bwa randomized | Isuzuma ry'ubuvuzi n'umutekano mu gihe cy'igerageza | Cognition, imikorere ya buri munsi n'ingaruka mbi; low-dose LMTM control |
| Auerbach na bagenzi be: imbeba za F344/N na B6C3F1 | Methylene blue trihydrate muri methylcellulose; oral gavage | Imyaka ibiri, iminsi itanu mu cyumweru | Gukurikirana kubaho n'isuzuma ry'uturemangingo kugeza ubushakashatsi burangiye | Ubumara bw'igihe kirekire na carcinogenicity |
Iyi mirongo ntishobora gufatwa nk'inama z'urugero rwo gukoresha zisimburana. Oral gavage ishyira ikintu mu gifu mu buryo butaziguye; amazi yo kunywa n'ibiryo bituma uburyo bwo kwinjiza mu mubiri butandukana. Intravenous infusion inyura ku kwinjirira mu mara. Igihe cyo kuyikoresha ntigishobora gukuraho ayo matandukaniro.
Icyo gukoresha inshuro nyinshi ku bantu bitubwira
Igerageza rya bipolar ritanga amakuru afitanye isano cyane no gukoresha methylene blue mu kanwa inshuro nyinshi kurusha uko scan imwe y'ubwonko yabikora. Ariko abitabiriye 27 gusa muri 37 ni bo barangije igerageza. Abitabiriye bari bafite bipolar disorder, bari basanzwe bahabwa lamotrigine, kandi bakurikiranwaga mu gihe cy'ubuvuzi. Igereranya ryakoresheje urugero ruto rwa methylene blue aho gukoresha inert placebo. Ubu buryo bw'igerageza ntibushobora kwemeza umutekano wo gukomeza kuyikoresha ku bantu bafite ubuzima bwiza cyangwa gukuraho mu buryo bwizewe ingaruka mbi ziboneka gake.
Igerageza rya Alzheimer risaba irindi tandukaniro. LMTM ni uburyo bwa methylthioninium bwagabanyijwe kandi bugashyirwa mu buryo buhamye bufite counterions zitandukanye, si igisubizo gisanzwe cya methylene blue chloride. Igihe cy'amezi 15 cy'igerageza ntigikwiye kugaragazwa nk'amezi 15 yo kugerageza igicuruzwa cya methylene blue kigenewe abaguzi. Isesengura nyamukuru ryari ryarateganyijwe mbere ntiryagaragaje inyungu ku rugero rwo hejuru ugereranyije na low-dose control. Ingaruka mbi zo mu gifu no mu mara, iz'inkari, ndetse no kugabanuka kwa hemoglobin byatangajwe. Gukurikirana igihe kirekire byatanze amakuru ku mutekano; ntibyemeje ko nta byago bihari.
Icyo ubushakashatsi ku nyamaswa bwongeraho
Ubushakashatsi ku nyamaswa bushobora gusuzuma uturemangingo no gusubiramo ikoreshwa mu buryo bwagorana gukorerwa abantu. Bugaragaza kandi impamvu igisubizo cyiza ku gipimo kimwe kidahagije.
Mu igerageza ry'iminsi 30 ku mbeba, liver lipid peroxidation yariyongereye mu gihe igipimo cyo mu mpyiko cyagabanutse. Ibipimo byinshi bya antioxidant ntibyahindutse. Kwita ubushakashatsi bwose “antioxidant protection” byahisha iri tandukaniro rishingiye ku rugingo. Mu igerageza ry'ibyumweru bine ku mbeba, urugero rwo hejuru rwateje impinduka nini kurushaho muri microbiome. Ubushakashatsi ntibwemeje niba izo mpinduka zakomeje nyuma yo guhagarika.
Igihe kirekire cyo kuyikoresha na cyo nticyahise gitanga inyungu yari igamijwe. Ibigeragezo bijyanye no gusaza kw'amagufa ntibyabujije gutakaza amagufa bijyana n'imyaka. Uko bifitanye isano n'ibivugwa ku kuramba biterwa n'igipimo gisuzumwa: imiterere y'amagufa, kubaho, n'igihe abantu bamara bakiriho ni ibibazo bitandukanye.
Ubushakashatsi bw'igihe kirekire bwa National Toxicology Program bwabonye ibikorwa bya carcinogenic bifite urwego rw'ibimenyetso rutandukanye bitewe n'igitsina n'ubwoko bw'inyamaswa. Inyandiko ijyanye na bwo y'imyaka ibiri yanatangaje anemia mu matsinda amwe yakoresheje iki kintu. Ibi byabonetse ntibitanga umubare w'ibyago bya cancer ku gahunda y'igicuruzwa kigacuruzwa ku bantu. Ariko bituma bidakwiriye gufata imyaka ibiri yo guha inyamaswa iki kintu nk'ikimenyetso cyoroshye cy'umutekano. Ibisobanuro by'ibimenyetso bya carcinogenicity bisuzuma ibyo byabonetse ukwabyo.
Addiction, withdrawal, tolerance na cycling
Aya magambo asobanura ibibazo bitandukanye.
- Addiction ikubiyemo kubura ubushobozi bwo kugenzura ikoreshwa no gukomeza gukoresha ikintu nubwo gitera ingaruka mbi. Ubushakashatsi buri hejuru ntibwemeza syndrome ya addiction iterwa na methylene blue. Ariko nanone ntibwari bugenewe kwemeza ko nta byago byo kuyishingikirizaho bihari ku bantu bayikoresha igihe kirekire batagenzurwa.
- Withdrawal ni syndrome igaruka mu buryo bushobora gusubirwamo nyuma yo kugabanya cyangwa guhagarika ikintu. Sinabonye ibimenyetso bigenzurwa bisobanura syndrome yihariye ya withdrawal ya methylene blue. Umunaniro, guhangayika cyangwa kutabasha kwibanda neza nyuma yo guhagarika ni amakuru akwiriye gukorwaho iperereza, ariko ubwabyo ntibihagije kugira ngo byitwe withdrawal. Kugaruka kw'ikibazo cyari gisanzwe gihari, ibindi bintu bikoreshwa n'impinduka mu gusinzira bishobora kugorana gusobanura.
- Tolerance ni kugabanuka kw'igisubizo ku rugero rumwe rwo kuyikoresha uko igihe kigenda. Kugabanuka kw'ibyiyumvo bya “boost” ntikugaragaza icyabiteye cyangwa ngo kwerekane ko urugero runini kurushaho rukwiye. Ibigeragezo byasaba ibisubizo bipimwa ku buryo bumwe inshuro nyinshi n'ibipimo by'uko umubiri wayakiriye kugira ngo ibyo bivugwa bigeragerezwe.
- Cycling ni guteganya ibihe byo gukoresha ikintu n'ibyo kugihagarika. Ibimenyetso byavuzwe ntibyemeza gahunda ibuza tolerance, dependence cyangwa ingaruka mbi zigenda zegerana uko igihe kigenda. Gahunda y'ubushakashatsi bw'uburozi ku nyamaswa y'iminsi itanu mu cyumweru ni gahunda y'igerageza, si inama ya cycling ku bantu.
Ibisubizo by'ishakisha bishobora kandi kwitiranya ikintu kirimo gukorwaho ubushakashatsi n'ikintu gitera dependence. Urugero, igerageza ku opioid tolerance na withdrawal ryakoresheje methylene blue mu buryo bw'utugingo twashyizwe ahari opioids. Ntabwo ryari ubushakashatsi kuri withdrawal ya methylene blue.
Ibibazo bigikomeje kutagira ibisubizo
Ku bantu bakuru bafite ubuzima bwiza bakoresha methylene blue inshuro nyinshi, ubushakashatsi bwavuzwe ntibugaragaza igihe inyungu yakomeza kumara, igihe cyiza cyo guhagarika, gahunda ya cycling yemejwe, cyangwa ibipimo byizewe by'ingaruka mbi zitinda kugaragara. Nanone ntibwemeza niba igisubizo gisanzwe cy'ibizamini bya laboratoire mu gihe gito gishobora guhanura umutekano nyuma y'imyaka.
Ibyago byegerana uko igihe kigenda n'ikusanyirizwa ry'umuti mu mubiri bifitanye isano ariko si ikintu kimwe. Gukoresha ikintu inshuro nyinshi bishobora kugira akamaro nubwo umuti utakomeza kwiyongera mu mubiri ubuziraherezo, kandi undi muti mushya ukorana na wo ushobora guhindura ibyago nyuma y'igihe cyari cyarashize nta kibazo. Label ya PROVAYBLUE inyuzwa mu mutsi ikoreshwa ubu igaragaza imikoranire ikomeye ya serotonergic, ibyago bya hemolytic anemia n'ubwiyongere bw'uko umubiri uyakira iyo imikorere y'impyiko yagabanutse. Ntiyemerera kuyikoresha mu kanwa igihe kitazwi.
Ku cyemezo cy'umuntu ku giti cye, amakuru afite akamaro ni uburyo nyabwo iteguwemo, uburyo itangwa, ingano, inshuro, itariki yatangiriweho, indi miti ikoreshwa n'ibimenyetso byose bihari. Soma igihe methylene blue imara mu mubiri hamwe n'ingaruka zayo mbi n'ibihe itagomba gukoreshwamo. Kuba umuntu yarigeze kuyihanganira ni ikimenyetso kijyanye n'uko umubiri wayakiriye icyo gihe cyashize, si garanti y'uko bizagenda kimwe ubutaha.