Methylene blue pa ADHD: kodi chaphunziridwa n’chiyani kwenikweni?

Sizinatsimikizidwe kuti methylene blue ndi chithandizo chothandiza cha ADHD. Kufufuza komwe kunachitika pokonza ndemanga iyi sikunapeze mayesero oona ngati imachepetsa zizindikiro za ADHD mwa anthu omwe analembedwa nawo kafukufuku chifukwa chopezeka ndi matendawa. Mayesero a anthu omwe amatchulidwa nthawi zambiri amakhudza kukumbukira, ntchito zoyesa chidwi m’labotale, kapena kujambula ubongo mwa magulu ena a anthu. Zotsatirazi sizingatsimikizire kuti methylene blue imathandiza munthu kulamulira zochita zosaganizira kaye, kupitiriza kugwira ntchito, kapena kuchita bwino pa moyo wa tsiku ndi tsiku ali ndi ADHD.

Kusiyana kumeneku n’kofunikanso pa chitetezo. Mankhwala angapo a ADHD ali ndi zoletsa kugwiritsidwa ntchito limodzi ndi mankhwala oletsa monoamine oxidase, gulu la mankhwala lomwe likukhudzana ndi chiopsezo cha kuyanjana kwa methylene blue ndi mankhwala ena. Phindu losatsimikizika silitanthauza kuti kuphatikiza mankhwala poyesa kulibe ngozi.

Kuyesa chidwi si kuyesa chithandizo cha ADHD

ADHD imakhudza zizindikiro zokhalitsa ndi kusokonekera kwa ntchito za munthu m’malo osiyanasiyana. Kufotokoza kwa CDC za kuzindikira ADHD kumalongosola kuunika kwa kuchipatala komwe kumaganizira mbiri ya munthu, khalidwe lake m’malo osiyanasiyana, ndi zifukwa zina zomwe zingafotokoze zizindikirozo. Kuyankha mochedwa pa ntchito ya pakompyuta sikungatsimikizire kuti munthu ali ndi ADHD. Kuyankha mwachangu atalandira chithandizo sikungatsimikizirenso, pakokha, kuti chithandizocho chapambana.

Mayesero a ADHD ayenera kulemba nawo anthu omwe apezeka ndi ADHD mwa njira yoyenera ndi kuyeza zotsatira zogwirizana ndi matendawa. Zimenezi zingaphatikizepo njira zovomerezeka zoyezera zizindikiro ndi mmene munthu amachitira zinthu kusukulu, kuntchito, kapena kunyumba. Ayeneranso kusiyanitsa zotsatira za chithandizocho ndi za kusintha kwa kugona, mankhwala omwe munthu akugwiritsa kale ntchito, zomwe akuyembekezera, ndi kuchita ntchito yomweyo mobwerezabwereza.

Ganizirani mafunso awiri awa: kodi munthu angazindikire bwino kwambiri chithunzi chomwe waonetsedwa posachedwapa, ndipo kodi munthuyo angakonze ndi kumaliza ntchito za tsiku ndi tsiku mosasinthasintha? Zonsezi zimakhudza kuganiza. Koma si zotsatira zomwe zingalowe m’malo mwa zinzake. Chidule chathu cha umboni wa methylene blue mwa anthu chimagwiritsa ntchito kusiyana komweku pa mapindu osiyanasiyana omwe amanenedwa.

Zomwe mayesero a akuluakulu athanzi anapeza kwenikweni

Kafukufuku wa kujambula ubongo wa 2016 wa Rodriguez ndi anzake, womwe unagawa anthu m’magulu mwachisawawa, unasanthula akuluakulu athanzi 26, a zaka 22 mpaka 62. Unayerekezera kupatsidwa kamodzi pakamwa kwa methylene blue ya mulingo wa USP ndi chinthu chopanda mankhwala chochizira, chokhala ndi mtundu wabuluu. Kuyesa komwe kunachitika asanalandire zinthuzi ndi pafupifupi ola limodzi atazilandira kunaphatikizapo ntchito yofuna kupitiriza kuika chidwi, ntchito yoyesa kukumbukira kwa nthawi yochepa, ndi MRI yoyesa ntchito ya ubongo. Anthu omwe anali ndi matenda amisala kapena amene anali atagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala a matenda amisala posachedwapa sanaloledwe kulowa nawo.

Mayankho omwe anaoneka pa zithunzi za ubongo anasintha m’madera angapo. Zotsatira za mmene anthu anachitira pa ntchitozo zimafuna kusamala kwambiri pozimasulira: kuyerekezera kusintha kwa nthawi yoyankha pa ntchito ya chidwi pakati pa magulu sikunasonyeze kusiyana kofunika powerengera, ndi P = .43. Lipotilo linanena kuti mayankho olondola pa ntchito yokumbukira anawonjezeka pafupifupi 7% m’gulu la methylene blue, koma kusiyana kwa kusintha kumeneku pakati pa magulu nakonso sikunali kofunika powerengera, ndi P = .09.

Zotsatira zofunika powerengera za musanalandire ndi mutalandira chithandizo m’gulu limodzi sizitsimikizira kuti chithandizocho chili ndi phindu lofunika powerengera kuposa cha gulu lina. Zotsatirazi zimapereka chifukwa chopitirizira kufufuza, koma sizisonyeza phindu pa ADHD. Mayeserowo sangayankhenso mafunso okhudza kugwiritsa ntchito mobwerezabwereza, ana, kapena kuphatikiza ndi mankhwala a ADHD.

Mndandanda wofufuzika, kuphatikizapo umboni womwe ukusowa

Tsegulani mndandanda wa kafukufuku wofufuzika kuti musefe zolemba malinga ndi gulu la anthu, zotsatira, wolemba, kapena mpata wa umboni. Uli ndi maulalo a magwero ndipo umasiyanitsa mayesero othandiza kupereka maziko ndi zotsatira za kufufuza zosakhudzana ndi funsoli.

Mayesero a Telch anagawa mwachisawawa akuluakulu 42 omwe anali ndi mantha aakulu a malo otsekeka kuti alandire methylene blue kapena chinthu chopanda mankhwala chochizira pambuyo pa maphunziro okumana ndi zinthu zochititsa mantha. Kuyeza kukumbukira ndi kuyeza mantha patatha mwezi umodzi kunali kogwirizana ndi kuphunzira ndi kukhalabe kwa mantha. Zotsatira za mantha zinadalira mmene gawo la kukumana ndi zinthu zochititsa mantha linathera bwino. Amenewa sanali mayesero a zizindikiro za ADHD, ndipo satsimikizira phindu la chidwi pa zochitika zosiyanasiyana.

Chotsatira chimodzi cha kufufuza chimasonyeza chifukwa chake kungowerenga kuchuluka kwa mapepala sikokwanira. Mu lipoti la wodwala wa methemoglobinemia lolembedwa ndi nambala ya PMID 27099330, ADHD inatchulidwa m’mbiri ya zachipatala ya wodwalayo. Methylene blue sinagwiritsidwe ntchito chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa G6PD komwe kunakayikiridwa ndipo kenako kunatsimikizidwa. Makina ofufuzira angapeze mawu onse awiri ngakhale pepalalo lilibe mayesero a chithandizo omwe amawalumikiza.

Mndandandawu umalemba kufufuza kolunjika komwe kunachitika pa Seputembala 12, 2026, pogwiritsa ntchito “methylene blue” kapena “methylthioninium” ndi “ADHD” kapena “attention deficit hyperactivity disorder.” PubMed inabweza lipoti la wodwalayo; ClinicalTrials.gov sinabweze zolemba zofanana ndi mawuwo. Kufufuza kwakukulu kunapereka kafukufuku wa kuganiza wothandiza kumvetsetsa maziko. Uku ndi kuwunika umboni pa tsiku lodziwika, osati kutsimikizira kuti kafukufuku aliyense wosasindikizidwa kapena wolembedwa m’njira ina wapezeka. Laibulale ya kafukufuku imapereka maziko ambiri a kafukufuku.

Kuyanjana kwa mankhwala kumasintha funso pa kugwiritsa ntchito

Methylene blue ingalepheretse ntchito ya monoamine oxidase. Zolemba za mankhwalawa operekedwa ndi jakisoni motsatira malangizo a dokotala zimachenjeza za matenda obwera chifukwa cha serotonin yochuluka akagwiritsidwa ntchito limodzi ndi mankhwala omwe amakhudza serotonin komanso ma opioid. Kwa munthu amene ali ndi ADHD, mndandanda wonse wa mankhwala ndi wofunika, kuphatikizapo chithandizo cha kuvutika maganizo kapena nkhawa zomwe zingakhalepo limodzi ndi ADHD.

1. Mankhwala a amphetamine: zolemba za Adderall XR zimaletsa kugwiritsa ntchito limodzi ndi mankhwala oletsa MAO ndipo zimatchula momveka bwino methylene blue yoperekedwa mumtsempha. Kukwera koopsa kwa kuthamanga kwa magazi ndi nkhawa yomwe yatchulidwa.
2. Methylphenidate: zolemba za Ritalin nazo zimaletsa chithandizo cha nthawi imodzi ndi mankhwala oletsa MAO chifukwa cha chiopsezo cha kukwera koopsa kwa kuthamanga kwa magazi.
3. Atomoxetine: zolemba za Strattera zimatchula methylene blue yoperekedwa mumtsempha m’zoletsa zake zokhudza mankhwala oletsa MAO ndipo zimalongosola mayankho a thupi omwe angakhale oopsa.

Zolemba zimenezi si mayesero a mtundu uliwonse wa mankhwala akumwa omwe ogula angapeze. Sizitsimikiziranso kuti kuphatikiza ndi methylene blue yakumwa n’kotetezeka. Chenjezo la TGA ya ku Australia lokhudza mankhwala akumwa a methylene blue osalembetsedwa limafotokoza makamaka za kuyanjana koopsa kwa mankhwala. Musanaganize zogwiritsa ntchito, pitani kwa wolemba mankhwala kapena katswiri wa mankhwala ndi chinthu chenicheni chimene mukufuna kugwiritsa ntchito, kuchuluka kwa mankhwala mmenemo, ndi mndandanda wonse wa mankhwala anu. Musasiye chithandizo cha ADHD cholembedwa ndi dokotala kuti mudziyesere nokha methylene blue.

Ngati mutalandira mankhwalawa mukhala ndi malungo, kusakhazikika kwakukulu kapena kusokonezeka maganizo, kuuma kwa minofu, kapena vuto limene likuipiraipira mwachangu, funani chithandizo chamankhwala mwamsanga. Chidule cha chitetezo chimafotokoza zoletsa zina za kugwiritsa ntchito komanso mfundo zokhudza kulandira mankhwalawa zomwe n’zofunika kulemba.

Kodi ndi umboni uti umene ungasinthe yankho?

Kafukufuku wotsatira wothandiza ungayese mtundu wa mankhwala wofotokozedwa bwino mwa anthu opezeka ndi ADHD, kugwiritsa ntchito chithandizo kapena chinthu choyerekezera nacho, kufotokozeratu zotsatira za zizindikiro za ADHD ndi ntchito za tsiku ndi tsiku zomwe zidzayesedwe, ndi kuyang’anira zotsatira zoyipa kwa nthawi yokwanira. Mafunso okhudza akuluakulu ndi ana angafune umboni wosiyana. Kufotokoza mmene mitochondria imagwirira ntchito sikungadzaze mipata imeneyi.

Chithandizo chovomerezeka chili kale ndi njira zokhazikika za kuunika ndi kuyang’anira, monga zomwe zili mu malangizo a NICE a ADHD. Kusalamulirika bwino kwa zizindikiro ndi chifukwa choti muunike kachiwiri chithandizocho limodzi ndi dokotala amene akukuthandizani. Kafukufuku amene wafotokozedwa pano sapereka umboni wothandiza kulowetsa methylene blue m’malo mwa chithandizocho. Zonena zokhudza mavuto ena ogwirizana ndi kukula kwa munthu zimafuna kuunika magulu a anthu ndi chithandizo chake payekha, monga tafotokozera mu ndemanga yathu ya kafukufuku wa methylene blue ndi autism.