Maƙala
Shuɗin methylene da testosterone: nazarin ikirarin
Ba a tabbatar da shuɗin methylene a matsayin magani ko abin ƙara testosterone a maza ba. Binciken da aka yi domin wannan maƙala bai gano wani gwajin ɗan Adam mai rukunin kwatanci da ya nuna cewa shan shuɗin methylene ta baki yana ƙara testosterone a maza masu lafiya ko magance ƙarancin testosterone ba. Shaidun da suka dace sun haɗa da samfuran raunin dabbobi, gwaje-gwajen gland ɗin pituitary na beraye, wani binciken farko kan prolactin a ɗan Adam, da fallasa ƙwayoyin maniyyin ɗan Adam kai tsaye ga sinadarin a wajen jiki.
Waɗannan nazarin sun cancanci a kula da su, amma ba za a haɗa sakamakonsu ya zama ikirarin gama-gari cewa shuɗin methylene yana ƙara testosterone, rage estrogen da prolactin, da inganta haihuwa ba. Kowane ikirari yana buƙatar nasa sakamakon da aka auna.
Me ake ɗauka a matsayin shaidar ƙaruwar testosterone?
Nazarin ɗan Adam mai amfani zai bayyana mahalarta, nau'in haɗin sinadarin, hanyar bayarwa, abin kwatanci, tsawon lokaci, da gwajin auna hormone. Zai bambanta jimillar testosterone da testosterone da bai ɗaure da furotin ba, kuma ya auna ko wani sauyi ya dawwama. Alamomi, ingancin ƙwayoyin maniyyi, da illoli za su buƙaci tantancewa dabam.
Jin ƙarin faɗaka ba ya auna testosterone. Ingantacciyar motsawar ƙwayoyin maniyyi ma ba ta auna testosterone. Ƙwayayen maza suna ɗauke da ƙwayoyin Leydig masu samar da testosterone a tsakanin ƙananan bututun da ƙwayoyin maniyyi ke tasowa a cikinsu. Waɗannan ayyukan suna hulɗa da juna, amma sakamako game da ɗaya ba ya tabbatar da ɗayan. Nazarin fa'idodin shuɗin methylene a binciken ɗan Adam mai faɗin bayani ya tattauna ikirarin lafiyar gaba ɗaya, har da waɗanda suka shafi maza.
Jadawalin shaidu kan ikirarin testosterone
Jadawalin yana bambanta sakamakon bincike da abin da ake buƙata domin tabbatar da ikirarin da ake yi wa masu amfani. Adadin da aka yi amfani da shi a gwaje-gwaje yana bayyana nazarin, ba tsarin amfani ga mutane ba.
| Ikirari ko tambaya | Rukunin mahalarta da samfurin gwaji | Hanyar bayarwa da adadin sinadarin da aka fallasa gare shi | Abin da aka auna da sakamakonsa | Abin da shaidun ke goyon baya |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Yana ƙara testosterone bayan raunin ƙwayayen maza | Berayen Wistar maza 35 a rukuni biyar, ciki har da raunin cisplatin | Allurai cikin kogon ciki; shuɗin methylene 2 ko 4 mg/kg na kwanaki bakwai | An ruwaito cewa testosterone a ruwan jini da ma'aunan ƙwayoyin maniyyi sun fi yawa tare da amfani da shuɗin methylene idan aka kwatanta da cisplatin kaɗai | Alamar tasirin kariya a samfurin raunin maganin sankara; ba a nuna ƙaruwa a maza masu lafiya ba |
| Yana amfanar ƙwayayen maza a kowane yanayi | Beraye manya 30 a nazarin allurar da aka yi a wuri guda | Allura cikin naman ƙwayayen maza ko tsakanin lullubinsu; tantancewa bayan makonni biyu | Allurar cikin naman ta rage testosterone a ruwan jini da yawan ƙwayoyin maniyyi a epididymis; rukunin da aka yi wa allura tsakanin lullubin bai nuna sauye-sauye masu muhimmanci bisa ƙididdiga a waɗannan ma'aunan ba | Wurin da aka fallasa ga sinadarin yana da muhimmanci; ba za a ɗauka cewa yana da tasirin hormone mai amfani a ko'ina ba |
| Yana rage prolactin | Beraye maza da aka fallasa ga estradiol benzoate, tare da rukunonin kwatanci | Shuɗin methylene a 0.5% cikin abinci na makonni uku | Ya rage ƙaruwar prolactin a jini da ke da alaƙa da estradiol; shuɗin methylene kaɗai bai rage prolactin a jini ba | Martani a cikin tsarin hormones da aka sauya ta hanyar gwaji |
| Yana sauya prolactin a ɗan Adam | Marasa lafiya goma masu ciwon jijiyoyi da ya ƙi amsa magani, maza takwas da mata biyu | Zuba sinadarin ta jijiya cikin mintuna 60; an kwatanta 2 mg/kg da 0.02 mg/kg | Ma'aunin prolactin na kwatanci ya ragu bayan duka biyun; an ruwaito bambanci tsakanin hanyoyin maganin | Sakamakon binciken farko na alamar halittu a masu ciwo, ba ingantaccen magani ga yawan prolactin ba |
| Yana inganta haihuwa a maza | Samfuran ruwan maniyyi daga maza masu lafiya 20 | Haɗawa kai tsaye da ruwan sinadarin launi na tiyata da waɗanda aka rage ƙarfinsu a wajen jiki | Motsawar ƙwayoyin maniyyi ta ragu sosai nan take bayan fallasa su ga shuɗin methylene | Sakamakon fallasa ƙwayoyin maniyyi a ɗakin gwaje-gwaje, ba gwajin haihuwa ta shan sinadarin ko ma'aunin testosterone ba |
| Yana rage estrogen ko sauya DHT a maza | Ba a gano gwajin ɗan Adam mai rukunin kwatanci da ya auna sakamakon hormones a wannan binciken ba | Ba a tabbatar da hanyar amfani ta baki ingantacciya domin waɗannan sakamakon ba | Ba a gano tabbataccen alkibla ko girman tasiri a aikin asibiti ba | Ana buƙatar shaidu dabam ga estradiol da dihydrotestosterone |
| Yana ƙara testosterone ta hana aikin enzyme | Gwaje-gwajen hulɗar magunguna a ɗakin gwaje-gwaje da ke cikin bayanan rubuta magani | Fallasawa a wajen jiki; an yi amfani da testosterone a matsayin sinadarin da CYP3A4/5 ke aiki a kansa | An lura da hana aikin enzyme | Gwajin sarrafa sinadarai a jiki, ba sakamakon testosterone a aikin asibiti ba |
An yi nazarin binciken da ke bayan waɗannan layuka a ƙasa. Ɗakin adana binciken shuɗin methylene yana tsara shaidu bisa rukunin mahalarta da tsarin gwaji.
Abin da gwajin cisplatin ya nuna a zahiri
A nazarin beraye na Gholami Jourabi da abokan aikinsa, wanda aka wallafa a yanar gizo a 2020 da kuma a Andrologia a 2021, cisplatin ya rage testosterone a ruwan jini da ma'aunan ƙwayoyin maniyyi. Marubutan sun ruwaito ingantawa tare da shuɗin methylene idan aka kwatanta da rukunin cisplatin, tare da sakamakon nazarin nama da ya yi daidai da raguwar lalacewa.
Muhimmin kwatancin shi ne da dabbobin da sinadari ya raunata. Ma'aunin da ya fi na dabbar da aka raunata a rukunin kwatanci ba shaida ba ce cewa maganin yana ɗaga matakin farko na dabba mai lafiya. Nazarin ya kuma haɗa da rukunin da ya karɓi shuɗin methylene kaɗai, amma kwatancin testosterone a taƙaitaccen bayanin nazarin yana da cisplatin ne, ba nuna ƙaruwa sama da na dabbobi masu lafiya da ba a ba su magani ba. Wannan ɗan gajeren gwajin allura bai tabbatar da hanyar amfani ta baki ga maza ko hanyar kiyaye damar haihuwa yayin maganin sankara ba.
Shaidu kuma suna nuna wani sakamako dabam a ƙarƙashin wasu yanayi. A gwajin allura a wuri guda na Mazroa da abokan aikinsa na 2016, allurar shuɗin methylene cikin naman ƙwayayen beraye ta haifar da lalacewar tsarin nama mai faɗi da raguwar testosterone a ruwan jini. Allurar tsakanin lullubin ƙwayayen ta haifar da lalacewa a wurin da ta fi ƙaranci. Wannan bai hango tasirin amfani ta baki ba, amma yana hana yin ikirarin cewa yana kare ƙwayayen maza a kowane yanayi.
Prolactin, estrogen, da DHT tambayoyi ne daban-daban
Wani sakamakon prolactin da ake yawan ambata ya fito daga tsarin hormones da aka sauya da gangan. A gwajin Schreiber da abokan aikinsa na 1993, an ba beraye maza allurar estradiol benzoate, shuɗin methylene cikin abinci, duka biyun, ko ba ko ɗaya ba. Haɗin biyun ya rage ƙaruwar prolactin a jinin da ke zagayawa wadda ke da alaƙa da estradiol. Shuɗin methylene shi kaɗai bai sauya prolactin a jini ba.
Bambancin jini da nama ma yana da muhimmanci: maganin bai hana ƙaruwar adadin prolactin a cikin ɓangaren gaba na gland ɗin pituitary ba. Saboda haka, nazarin bai nuna rage prolactin ta hanya guda da iri ɗaya a ko'ina cikin jiki ba.
Wani nazarin 2015 na marasa lafiya goma masu ciwon jijiyoyi, da aka raba su zuwa rukuni ba tare da zaɓi ba kuma mahalarta da masu tantancewa ba su san rukunonin ba, ya bayar da iyakacciyar alama daga ɗan Adam. Babban abin da aka auna shi ne ciwo. Masu bincike sun kuma auna furotin kafin da bayan ba da shuɗin methylene ta jijiya, suna kwatanta matakan adadi biyu. Prolactin ya ragu bayan duka biyun, tare da bambanci tsakanin magungunan. Gwajin ya bayar da ma'aunan furotin na kwatanci, ba ainihin adadin hormones da ake amfani da shi a aikin asibiti ba. Wannan sakamakon binciken farko bai tabbatar da raguwar prolactin mai ɗorewa, maganin hyperprolactinemia, ko fa'ida ga testosterone ba.
Rage martani ga estradiol da aka bayar ma bai tabbatar da cewa shuɗin methylene yana rage estrogen a jinin da ke zagayawa ko hana aikin aromatase a maza ba. DHT, ko dihydrotestosterone, wani sakamakon hormone ne daban. Sakamakon testosterone ba zai maye gurbin sakamakon DHT da ba a samu ba. Ikirarin game da ko wanne daga cikin hormones ɗin yana buƙatar aunawa kai tsaye a ƙarƙashin yanayin amfani da aka ba da shawara.
Shaidun ƙwayoyin maniyyin ɗan Adam ba gwajin hormone ba ne
A gwajin ƙwayoyin maniyyin ɗan Adam na Sheynkin da abokan aikinsa na 1999, masu bincike sun haɗa ƙananan kaso na ruwan maniyyi da sinadaran da ake amfani da su yayin tiyatar tsarin haihuwa. Shuɗin methylene ya haifar da raguwar motsawar ƙwayoyin maniyyi mai tsanani nan take, har ma da adadin da aka rage ƙarfinsa da aka gwada. Ruwan Lactated Ringer bai shafi motsawar ba.
Wannan shaida ce ta ɗakin gwaje-gwaje da aka samo daga ɗan Adam. Mahalarta ba su sha shuɗin methylene ta baki ba, kuma masu binciken ba su auna testosterone a jininsu, samun juna biyu, ko haihuwar jarirai masu rai ba. Sakamakon ba zai iya tabbatar da fa'ida ko haɗarin wani nau'in fallasawa dabam da ya shafi jiki gaba ɗaya ga haihuwa ba. Yana dai nuna dalilin da ya sa bai kamata a taƙaita “an yi nazarinsa a ƙwayoyin maniyyin ɗan Adam” zuwa “yana inganta haihuwa a maza” ba.
Ambaton testosterone na iya nufin wani abu dabam gaba ɗaya
Bayanan rubuta maganin ProvayBlue sun bayyana yiwuwar hana aikin CYP3A4/5 wanda ya danganta da lokaci a wajen jiki, ta amfani da testosterone a matsayin sinadarin da enzyme ke aiki a kansa. A nan, testosterone abu ne da ake amfani da shi wajen gwada aikin enzyme. Ambatonsa a wannan sakin layin bai tabbatar da ƙarin samar da hormone ko ƙarin adadinsa a jinin marasa lafiya ba.
Haka kuma, bayanin yadda makamashin ƙwayoyin jiki ke aiki ba zai iya maye gurbin gwajin hormone ba. Har yanzu dole ne ya nuna cewa adadin sinadarin da ake ba da shawara yana sauya sakamakon da ake nema a rukunin mutanen da aka nufa.
Idan damuwar ita ce ƙarancin testosterone
Abin da ya kamata a yi shi ne tabbatar da ko akwai ƙarancin testosterone da kuma dalilinsa. Shawarwarin Endocrine Society kan gano matsalar suna buƙatar alamomin da suka dace da matsalar da ma'aunan testosterone masu nuna ƙaranci akai-akai, tare da maimaita gwajin safe bayan azumi. Ƙarin tantancewa yana bambanta dalilan da suka shafi ƙwayayen maza da waɗanda suka shafi pituitary ko hypothalamus. Sakamako guda ɗaya ko sauyi a kuzari bai isa ba.
Bai kamata shuɗin methylene ya maye gurbin maganin hormones da likita ya rubuta ko tantance prolactin ko testosterone da suka fita daga matakin da ya dace ba. Rashin tabbas game da fa'idarsa ga hormones bai kawar da sanannun haɗarinsa ba: bayanan rubuta maganin suna gargaɗi game da serotonin syndrome idan aka haɗa shi da magungunan da ke shafar serotonin, kuma sun hana amfani da shi ga masu ƙarancin G6PD saboda haɗarin fashewar jajayen ƙwayoyin jini. Jagorar aminci ta shuɗin methylene ta bayyana waɗannan haɗarin tare da mahallinsu.
Ga kowane ikirari game da testosterone, tambayi abin da aka auna, a wa aka auna, ta wace hanyar bayarwa, da kuma me aka yi kwatanci da shi. A halin yanzu, waɗannan tambayoyin suna kaiwa ga sakamakon gwaje-gwaje, ba tabbataccen tasirin ƙara testosterone a maza ba.