Inqaku
Isizathu sokuba i-methylene blue itshintshe umbala womchamo, wolwimi nowamazinyo
I-methylene blue inokushiya umbala apho idibana khona nomlomo, kwaye inokufaka umbala emchameni emva kokungena emzimbeni. Ezi ziinkqubo ezahlukeneyo. Ulwimi oluluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka lubonisa ikakhulu ukuba idayi idibene nomphezulu. Umchamo oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka noluhlaza okwengca unokubonisa idayi ephuma ngemijelo yomchamo. Akukho nanye kwezi zinto zibonwayo elinganisa umthamo oluncedo, ukufunxwa emzimbeni, ukusebenza, ubunyulu okanye ukhuseleko.
Musa ukuthatha i-methylene blue engakumbi ngenxa yokuba umchamo wakho ungakhange ube luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Akukho mbala ekujoliswe kuwo womchamo ovunyiweyo ngokwenzululwazi ekufuneka ufikelelwe ekhaya. Iimpawu neemeko zokuchanabeka zibaluleke ngakumbi kunokuthelekisa umbala nefoto.
Kutheni umchamo unokubonakala uluhlaza okwengca kunokuba uluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka
Ulwazi lokumisela i-PROVAYBLUE efakwa emthanjeni luchaza ukuba malunga ne-40% ye-methylene blue ikhutshwa emchameni ingatshintshanga. Elo nani lichaza indlela iyeza elihamba nelicutshungulwa ngayo emzimbeni; aliyondlela yokubala umthamo othathwa ngomlomo ngokujonga kwisitya sendlu yangasese.
Umchamo sele unemibala etyheli. Idayi eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka kulo mbala utyheli inokwenza umchamo ubonakale uluhlaza okwengca okanye uluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka noluhlaza okwengca. Ukuxutywa ngamanzi neemeko zokuwujonga nazo ziyakuchaphazela oko ukubonayo: ulwelo olukwityhubhu ebhityileyo, olukwisikhongozeli esinzulu sokuqokelela, nolusemanzini endlu yangasese alunyanzelekanga ukuba lubonakale ngokufanayo.
Kwingxelo kaKoratala noLeghrouz yemeko yasemva kotyando, i-methylene blue yanikwa ngetyhubhu esuka empumlweni iye esiswini ukuze kuhlolwe isisu ebesilungisiwe. Umchamo wesigulana waba luhlaza okwengca, waza umbala waphela ngokuthe ngcembe kwiintsuku ezintlanu. Oku kubhala indlela imeko enye yonyango eyahamba ngayo, kungekhona ixesha elimiselweyo ekufuneka umchamo wakhe wonke umntu ubuyele ngalo kumbala wangaphambili.
Kuthekani ukuba i-methylene blue ayiwenzi umchamo ube luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka?
Ukujonga ngamehlo akunakwahlula phakathi kweengcaciso ezininzi ezinokwenzeka: ixesha lokujonga, ukuxutywa komchamo ngamanzi, ubungakanani bento enombala ekhoyo, nesimo sayo sekhemikhali. I-methylene blue inokutshintshwa ngokuncitshiswa ngokwekhemikhali ibe yi-leucomethylene blue engenambala; uphando lovavanyo lomchamo wabantu lwafumanisa esi simo sincitshisiweyo emchameni emva kokunikwa ngomlomo. Ikhemistri ye-methylene blue ne-leucomethylene blue inceda ukucacisa ukuba kutheni umbala oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka obonakalayo nobukho balo mxube ingengawo amagama athetha into enye.
Ukungaboni umbala oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka akungqini ukuba ukufunxwa emzimbeni kusilele, ukuba imveliso yeyenkohliso, ukuba umzimba uyicutshungule ngokukhawuleza, okanye ukuba kufuneka uchanabeke ngakumbi. Ukubona umbala oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka oqaqambileyo akungqini ukufunxwa kakuhle emzimbeni okanye unyango olusebenzayo. Akukho nanye kwezi zinto ebonisa ukuba imveliso inezinto ezingafunekiyo eziyingcolisayo.
Xa kukho umbuzo ngokuba yintoni na imveliso okanye ngobungakanani besithako kuyo, sebenzisa amaxwebhu ohlalutyo ahambelana nebhetshi yayo. Xa kukho umbuzo ngonyango, sebenzisa ukubekwa esweni kwezonyango okumiselweyo. Umntu othelekisa iimveliso ezimbini ngombala womchamo utshintshe izinto ezininzi ngaxeshanye, kuquka ixesha nokuxutywa ngamanzi, engakhange alinganise nayiphi na kwezi mveliso.
Kutheni ulwimi namazinyo enokuba namabala
Ulwelo oludibana nomlomo lunokushiya idayi elulwimini nakwimiphezulu yamazinyo. Isenokungasasazeki ngokulinganayo kuba ulwimi lunomphezulu ongagudanga kunye nobutyobo obubambekayo kuwo. Uphononongo lokufaka idayi kwizilonda zomlomo luchaza ngokukodwa idayi engaphezulu eqokelelana kumphezulu wolwimi nakwimingxuma ephakathi kweentsini namazinyo. Olo phononongo lwaphanda ubuchule bokuxilonga kwezonyango. Alwenzi indlela elibonakala ngayo ibala elenzeke nje libe luvavanyo lwasekhaya lwesifo somlomo.
Ucoceko lomlomo oluqhelekileyo nolwenziwa ngobunono yindlela efanelekileyo yokujongana nebala lomphezulu elingenantlungu. Musa ukukhuhla ulwimi ngamandla okanye usebenzise izisusi-mabala zasekhaya, izinyibilikisi okanye iblitshi emlonyeni. Ibala eliqhubekayo nangona kucocwa ngendlela eqhelekileyo, okanye utshintsho olukhatshwa yintlungu, zizilonda okanye kukudumba, lufuna ukuhlolwa ngugqirha wamazinyo okanye ngugqirha wezonyango. Akukho siqinisekiso sisekelwe kubungqina sokuba onke amabala ayanyamalala kwinani elithile leeyure.
Ngaba i-methylene blue inokufaka amabala kwizigqubuthelo zangaphambili zamazinyo, kwizithsaba okanye kwizizaliso?
Inokufaka amabala kwizinto ezisetyenziswa ekulungiseni amazinyo, kodwa “izigqubuthelo zangaphambili zamazinyo” azichazi uhlobo olunye lwento. Isigqubuthelo esenziwe ngomxube we-resin, ulungiso olwenziwe ngeseramikhi, kunye nesincamathelisi esijikeleze ulungiso yimiphezulu eyahlukeneyo. Ubungqina obuvela kolunye uhlobo abunakungqina indlela zonke ezinye eziya kuziphatha ngayo.
Kuphononongo lwaselabhoratri lwee-resin ezixutyiweyo ezintandathu, abaphandi bathelekisa imiphezulu egugileyo nengaguganga emva kokuchanabeka kwi-0.5% ye-methylene blue. Imilinganiselo eyenziwe ngesixhobo esilinganisa ukufunxwa kokukhanya ibonise amabala, kukho umahluko phakathi kwezinto ezisetyenzisiweyo neemeko zemiphezulu. Ezi yayiziisampulu zaselabhoratri, ingengabo abaguli abasela imveliso ethengiselwa abathengi. Iziphumo zixhasa ukuthathelwa ingqalelo kwamabala kwizinto ezisetyenziselwa ukulungisa amazinyo; aziqikeleli ukuba isigqubuthelo esithile siya kuba nebala elisisigxina na.
Ukuba ulungiso lwezinyo lutshintsha umbala, nika ugqirha wakho wamazinyo ileyibhile yemveliso, ixesha lokuchanabeka, neenkcukacha zezinto ezenziwe ngazo ukuba ziyaziwa. Musa ukuthatha iikhemikhali zokucoca imijelo yeengcambu zamazinyo ezisetyenziswe kuvavanyo lwamazinyo ukuze uzisebenzise ekhaya. Ukucoca izinto zasekhaya ngumxholo owahlukileyo ochazwe ekususeni amabala e-methylene blue kwimiphezulu nakumalaphu.
Uthelekiso lweefoto olunomda obalulekileyo
Ezi foto zipapashiweyo zibonisa imeko enye yezonyango ekuxelwe ngayo kwiindawo ezimbini zokujonga. Zibonisa ukuba kutheni umbala obonakalayo ufuna imbali yokuchanabeka nokuhlolwa kwezonyango.
A. Ingxowa yokuqokelela neetyhubhu. Umchamo oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka noluhlaza okwengca obonwe emva kokufakwa kombhobho womchamo kwisigulana esifike sinengxaki yokungakwazi ukukhupha umchamo.
B. Imibono yesikhongozeli. Umchamo ovela kwimeko ekuxelwe ngayo, kwisikhongozeli esingabulawanga iintsholongwane. Iphepha alichazi ukukhanya okulungelelaniswe ngokwemigangatho, ulungelelwaniso lombala omhlophe, okanye ukuqokelelwa ngexesha elifanayo.
Iifoto: Imifanekiso 1 no-2 evela ku-Lionardi, Hengky, noHaruman, 2024, ephinde yapapashwa phantsi kwe-CC BY 4.0; iguqulelwe kwi-WebP ngaphandle kokutshintsha imibala okanye ukusika imifanekiso. Ababhali baxela ukuba isigulana sivumile ukuba ipapashwe. I-methylene blue yayikrokrelwa, ingazange iqinisekiswe ngovavanyo lwekhemikhali, ekuchanabekeni kwiyeza lesintu. Ezi ziifoto zeziganeko zonyango ezikhankanyelwe umthombo wazo, azingomgangatho wombala olungelelaniswe ngokulinganisa okanye ubungqina bokuba loo nto yi-methylene blue. Umfanekiso weqweqwe ngumzobo ochazayo.
Zeziphi iinguqu ezifuna ukuhlolwa?
| Into ebonwayo | Into eyingqinayo nengayingqiniyo | Inyathelo elilandelayo |
|---|---|---|
| Umchamo oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka noluhlaza okwengca emva kokuchanabeka okwaziwayo kunyango, kungekho zimpawu zintsha | Uyahambelana nokukhutshwa kwedayi; awungqini ukuba izintso zisebenza ngokuqhelekileyo okanye ukuba unyango luphumelele | Landela imiyalelo yeqela elikunyangayo uze ukhankanye ukuchanabeka ngaphambi kovavanyo lomchamo |
| Akukho mchamo ocacileyo oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka | Akungqini ukuchanabeka okunganelanga | Musa ukwandisa ukuchanabeka ukuze uvelise umbala |
| Amabala angenantlungu kumphezulu wolwimi okanye wamazinyo | Ayahambelana nokudibana kwedayi naloo ndawo; awalinganisi ukuchanabeka komzimba uphela | Sebenzisa ucoceko oluqhelekileyo ngobunono; funa icebiso kugqirha wamazinyo ukuba ayaqhubeka |
| Utshintsho lomchamo olunegazi, ukuchama okubuhlungu, umkhuhlane okanye intlungu esecaleni lomzimba | Imbali yedayi ayikhuphi amathuba enye imeko | Funa ukuhlolwa ngugqirha ngokukhawuleza |
| Imilebe okanye ulwimi oluthi ngesiquphe lube luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka nongwevu, kunye nobunzima bokuphefumla, intlungu yesifuba okanye ukudideka | Akukhuselekanga ukucinga ukuba ngamabala omphezulu nje | Tsalela iinkonzo ezingxamisekileyo |
Isikhokelo se-NHS ngegazi emchameni sicebisa ukuhlolwa nokuba igazi lincinci okanye lenzeke kanye kuphela. Isikhokelo sayo se-cyanosis sithatha imilebe, ulwimi okanye ubuso obuthi ngesiquphe bube luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka nongwevu njengemeko engxamisekileyo. Musa ukulibazisa ukufumana uncedo ngoxa uzama ukuhlamba umbala.
I-methylene blue ikwanomngcipheko we-hemolysis, ukutshatyalaliswa kweeseli ezibomvu zegazi, ngakumbi xa kukho ukunqongophala kwe-G6PD. Ubuthathaka obutsha obukhulu okanye ukuba tyheli kwamehlo emva kokuchanabeka kufuna ukuhlolwa ngokungxamisekileyo, nokuba utshintsho lomchamo belubonakala njengedayi ekuqaleni. Ezi ziyahambelana neempawu ezixeliweyo zokonakala kweeseli ezibomvu zegazi okunxulumene ne-G6PD. Isikhokelo esibanzi sokhuseleko lwe-methylene blue sichaza iimeko ekungafanele isetyenziswe kuzo nokusebenzisana kwayo namanye amayeza.
Yiza nesikhongozeli okanye ifoto yeleyibhile yaso, ubungakanani nexesha lokuchanabeka, kunye noluhlu lwamayeza owasebenzisayo. Xelela ilabhoratri nge-methylene blue: inokuphazamisa iimvavanyo zomchamo ezixhomekeke kwisibonisi esiluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Loo mbali iluncedo ngakumbi kunokuzama ukubeka kwinqanaba ukuba isampulu ibonakala iluhlaza kangakanani.