Inqaku
Imethylene blue nokwehla kobunzima: oko kuvavanywa ngokwenene zizifundo
Akukaboniswa ukuba imethylene blue lunyango olusebenzayo lokwehlisa ubunzima ebantwini xa ithathwa ngomlomo. Izifundo ezifunyenwe ukulungiselela eli nqaku aziboneleli ngolingo olulawulwayo ebantwini olubonisa ukuba ukuyithatha kubangela ukwehla kwamafutha okuhlala ixesha elide. Ziquka imifuniselo yemetabolism, iziphumo zobunzima bezilwanyana, nezifundo zokutyeba ngokugqithiseleyo ebantwini apho idayi yayinomsebenzi owahlukileyo.
Lo mahluko uyayitshintsha impendulo. Iseli yesibindi esebenzisa ioksijini engakumbi yinto eqwalaselwayo malunga nendlela yokusebenza. Ihagu eyongeza ubunzima obuncinane emva kwenkqubo yovavanyo esiswini sisiphumo sonyango kwisilwanyana. Umntu owehlelwa ngamafutha emva konyango lwebhaluni yesisu sisiphumo ebantwini, kodwa asiwahluli umphumo wedayi engaphakathi kwibhaluni.
Yintoni enokuthathwa njengobungqina bokwehla kobunzima?
Ubunzima bomzimba buquka amafutha, izicubu ezingenamafutha, amathambo, amanzi, nezinto ezingaphakathi kwindlela yokwetyisa. Inani elisezantsi kwisikali alichazi ukuba leliphi icandelo elitshintshileyo. Imilinganiselo yokwakheka komzimba, efana ne-absorptiometry ye-X-reyi yamandla amabini (DXA), inceda ukwahlula ubunzima bamafutha kwizicubu ezithambileyo ezingenamafutha nakwizimbiwa zamathambo. Nalapho, izicubu ezingenamafutha azithethi izihlunu zamathambo kuphela.
Isifundo esinobungqina obuqinisekisayo solawulo lobunzima besiya kuthelekisa unyango oluchazwe ngokucacileyo kubantu abanokuthelekiswa, silinganise utshintsho kwixesha elinentsingiselo, sithathele ingqalelo ukutya namanye amanyathelo ongenelelo, size sichaze iziphumo eziyingozi nokurhoxa kwabathathi-nxaxheba. Besiya kwahlula ukwehlisa ubunzima obusele bukhona ekuthinteleni ukongezwa kobunzima, nokwehla kokuqala ekugcineni ubunzima obufikelelweyo.
Izalathisi zemetabolism ziphendula imibuzo emxinwa ngakumbi. Amafutha esibindi achaza ukufumba kweelipidi kwilungu elithile. Ubuntununtunu kwi-insulin buchaza indlela umzimba osabela ngayo kwi-insulin. Ukusetyenziswa kweoksijini ziiseli kuchaza inxalenye yemetabolism yamandla phantsi kweemeko zovavanyo. Akukho nasinye kwezi esithatha indawo yokwehla kwamafutha ebantwini okulinganisiweyo nokuhlala ixesha elide.
Ukuthelekiswa kwamabango nezifundo
Olu thelekiso lwahlula isiphumo esilinganisiweyo kwibango umfundi anokulifumana kuso. Amakhonkco ezifundo akhokelela kwiingxelo zokuqala okanye kwiirekhodi zazo zePubMed.
| Ibango elivavanywayo | Isifundo nongenelelo | Oko kwalinganiswa okanye kwaxelwa | Oko kuxhaswa sisiphumo |
|---|---|---|---|
| “Ivuselela imetabolism, ngoko itshisa amafutha omzimba.” | UShin noogxa bakhe, 2014: imifuniselo kwiiseli zesibindi nemodeli yeempuku ezincinci ezondliwa ukutya okunamafutha amaninzi; imethylene blue yaquka nokunikwa ngomlomo. | Ukuhanjiswa kwemiqondiso okunxulumene ne-SIRT1/AMPK, imilinganiselo yemitochondria, nokuncipha kokufumba kwamafutha esibindi nokudumba kwesibindi okunxulumene namafutha kwimodeli yezilwanyana. | Ingcamango yemetabolism yesibindi. Ayibonisi ukwehla kobunzima ebantwini okuhlala ixesha elide. |
| “Isifundo sokutyeba ngokugqithiseleyo singqine ukuba imethylene blue yehlisa ubunzima.” | ULee noogxa bakhe, 2022: isixhobo esifakwa ngaphakathi esiswini esigqunywe ngemethylene blue kunye nonyango lwe-photodynamic oluvuselelwa yilaser kwiihagu. | Kwiveki enye, ukongezwa kobunzima bomzimba okwaxelwayo kwakuyi-12% ngonyango lwe-photodynamic xa kuthelekiswa ne-24% kwiqela lolawulo; amanqanaba eghrelin nawo ayesezantsi. | Ukuncipha kokongezwa kobunzima emva kwenkqubo edibeneyo kwizilwanyana. Zombini iinguqu zobunzima ezaxelwayo yayikukongezwa kobunzima. |
| “Imethylene blue yehlisa ubunzima bomzimba ngaphandle kokunciphisa ukutya okutyiwayo.” | UYang noogxa bakhe, 2023: imethylene blue enikwe ngqo kwi-duodenum kunye nonyango lwe-photodynamic; isishwankathelo sichaza iimpuku ezinkulu ezondliwa ukutya okunamafutha amaninzi ukuze kuvavanywe ukusebenza konyango. | Ubunzima bomzimba obusezantsi kunobo beqela elifumene inkqubo yokulinganisa kwiintsuku ezingama-30, ukuphucuka kwemilinganiselo enxulumene neglucose, nokungabikho komahluko obalulekileyo ekutyeni okutyiwayo. | Isiphumo senkqubo yamathumbu yophando olwandulela iimvavanyo zekliniki, hayi ubungqina bokuginya imethylene blue njengesongezelelo. |
| “Izifundo ebantwini zilinganise ukwehla kwamafutha ngemethylene blue.” | Iqela elalandelwa kwiinyanga ezintandathu lonyango lwebhaluni yesisu: ibhaluni yayiqulethe isisombululo setyuwa nemethylene blue; abathathi-nxaxheba abangama-39 kwabangama-50 bagqiba ulandelelo. | I-DXA yabonisa ukwehla kobunzima bamafutha nobunzima bezicubu ezingenamafutha emva konyango lwebhaluni. | Utshintsho lokwakheka komzimba ebantwini emva kongenelelo ngesixhobo. Umphumo wedayi ozimeleyo awuzange uvavanywe. |
| “Ulingo lokwehlisa ubunzima olunolwabiwo olungacwangciswanga lwaquka idayi.” | Ulingo lwebhaluni lokutshintshiselana phakathi konyango neqela lolawulo elifumene inkqubo yokulinganisa: amaxesha onyango lwebhaluni nawenkqubo yokulinganisa, kunye nonyango ngokutya. | Ukuncipha kwe-BMI nepesenti yokwehla kobunzima obugqithisileyo. | Ubungqina malunga nephakheji yonyango lwebhaluni. Ulwabiwo olungacwangciswanga alujiki yonke into esetyenziswa kwinkqubo ibe lunyango olusebenzayo kuyo. |
Kutheni indlela yokusebenza kwemetabolism ingawuphenduli ngokupheleleyo umbuzo
Isifundo sesibindi sango-2014 yindawo efanelekileyo yokuqala ingcamango yebhayoloji. Kwiiseli zesibindi, imethylene blue yatshintsha umlinganiselo we-NAD+/NADH neendlela ezinxulumene nokusebenza kwemitochondria nokuphathwa kweelipidi. Umfuniselo weempuku ezincinci waquka iiveki ezisibhozo zokondliwa ngokutya okunamafutha amaninzi waza wafumana ukufumba okuncinane kwamafutha agqithisileyo esibindini.
Obo bubungqina bovavanyo obuluncedo malunga nesicubu esithile nemodeli yesifo. Ukufikelela kwisigqibo sokwehla kwamafutha omzimba wonke kufuna amanyathelo ongezelelweyo: umphumo kufuneka uvele kwinqanaba lokuvezwa ebantwini elinyamezelekayo, uqhubeke ngexesha lokutya nomsebenzi oqhelekileyo, utshintshe ibhalansi yokugcinwa kwamandla, uze uvelise isiphumo sekliniki esinexabiso. Ukulinganisa inyathelo lokuqala akunakuqinisekisa awalandelayo.
“I-ATP eninzi” nayo yingxoxo engaphelelanga yokwehla kobunzima. I-ATP yimolekyuli yokudlulisa amandla esetyenziswa ziiseli. Ukuveliswa kwayo, amafutha okanye ezinye izondlo ezifunekayo ukuyivelisa, namandla ewonke asetyenziswa mihla le zizixa ezinxulumeneyo kodwa ezahlukeneyo. Ibango malunga nokusebenza kakuhle kwemitochondria lifuna imilinganiselo ethe ngqo ngaphambi kokuba libe libango malunga neekhalori ezisetyenzisiweyo okanye amafutha anciphileyo.
Isishwankathelo sethu seenzuzo zemethylene blue kuphando ebantwini sisebenzisa umahluko ofanayo phakathi kwendlela yokusebenza enokuba sengqiqweni nenzuzo ebonwe kwisigulana.
Iinkqubo ezivuselelwa kukukhanya zilicandelo lophando elahlukileyo
Unyango lwe-photodynamic ludibanisa into eyenza izicubu zibe nobuntununtunu ekukhanyeni kunye nokukhanya okujoliswe kuzo ukuze kuveliswe umphumo webhayoloji kuloo ndawo. Kwisifundo seehagu sango-2022, imethylene blue yafakwa kwisixhobo sesisu yaza yavuselelwa ngokukhanya kwelaser. Ungenelelo lwaquka isixhobo, ukudibana kwaso nezicubu, idayi, nokukhanyiswa. Ukususa ezo zinto kutshintsha unyango ekuthethwa ngalo.
Ingxelo ye-duodenum yango-2023 yafunda unyango olujoliswe kwindawo ethile yamathumbu yaza yaxela utshintsho lwexeshana kwi-villi, amaqhuma amancinci afana neminwe akwi-duodenum. Isihloko sayo sithi “imodeli yeempuku ezincinci,” ngoxa isishwankathelo sayo sichaza iimpuku ezinkulu ezondliwa ukutya okunamafutha amaninzi ukuze kuvavanywe ukusebenza konyango kwimetabolism. Loo nkcukacha yengxelo sesinye isizathu sokufunda iindlela ezisetyenzisiweyo kunokuba uqikelele umfuniselo ngokwesihloko. Ezi ziphumo azinakuthethelela ukudibanisa idayi ethathwa ngomlomo nephaneli yokukhanya okubomvu ekhaya.
Imilinganiselo yokwehla kwamafutha ebantwini ifuna ukubalelwa kunobangela ofanelekileyo
Iqela elalandelwa kwiinyanga ezintandathu lonyango lwebhaluni libonisa iingxaki ezimbini ezahlukeneyo zokutolika. Kubathathi-nxaxheba abagqiba ulandelelo, ubunzima behla ngomndilili we-11.7 kg. I-DXA yarekhoda ukwehla okungumndilili we-7.53 kg kubunzima bamafutha ne-3.70 kg kubunzima bezicubu ezingenamafutha. Ngoko ke, utshintsho kwisikali lwalungamela amafutha kuphela.
Ingxaki yesibini kukuchonga unobangela. Aba bantu bafumana ibhaluni yesisu equlethe isisombululo setyuwa esinedayi. Abazange babelwe ngokungacwangciswanga kumaqela okufumana imethylene blue ngomlomo okanye iplacebo. Imilinganiselo yokwakheka komzimba yidatha yokwenene ebantwini, kodwa ukubalela olo tshintsho kwimethylene blue bekuya kuphendula umbuzo ongazange uvavanywe sisifundo. Ithala lophando lilungelelanisa izifundo ngokongenelelo nesiphumo ukuze lo mahluko uhlale ubonakala.
Ngaba ubungqina buyakuthethelela ukuyithatha ukuze kwehle ubunzima?
Ubungqina obuhlolwe apha abubonisi nzuzo yokwehla kobunzima enokulinganiswa ngokuchasene nemingcipheko yokuyisebenzisa ngokuqhubekayo ngomlomo. Umqondiso wemetabolism kwisilwanyana awunakunika idosi okanye ixesha elisebenzayo ebantwini, yaye inkqubo yesixhobo ayinakunika isicwangciso sokuyithatha ngomlomo.
Inkcazelo yase-US yokumisela iProvayblue efakwa emthanjeni ichaza imethemoglobinemia efunyenweyo njengemeko evunyelwe ukunyangelwa ngayo. Ilumkisa ngesifo esibi seserotonin xa isetyenziswa namayeza asebenza kwiserotonin kunye neeopioids, yaye iyakwalela ukusetyenziswa xa kukho ukunqongophala kwe-G6PD ngenxa yomngcipheko weanemia ebangelwa kukuqhekeka kweeseli ezibomvu zegazi. Ezo zilumkiso zekliniki azisosiqinisekiso sokhuseleko lweemveliso zabathengi ezithathwa ngomlomo. Zibonisa ukuba kutheni injongo yokwehlisa ubunzima engekangqinwa isafuna ingqalelo kwindlela amayeza asebenza ngayo emzimbeni.
Kumntu ocinga ngemethylene blue ngenxa yokuba ubunzima butshintshile emva kokuqala elinye iyeza, ukuhlolwa kwamayeza kuluncedo ngakumbi kunokongeza into yovavanyo. Hlola ubungqina beziphumo ebezingalindelekanga, iimeko ekungafanelanga isetyenziswe kuzo, nokusebenzisana namanye amayeza nogqirha okanye usokhemesti. Ibango elifanele ukuthathwa njengesiseko sesenzo lifuna ungenelelo oluchazwe ngokucacileyo ebantwini, iziphumo ezilinganisiweyo zamafutha okanye zobunzima, nolandelelo olubonisa ukuba inzuzo iyaqhubeka na.