Chinyorwa
Methylene blue nevana: kushandiswa pakurapa uye kushomeka kweuchapupu
Methylene blue ine kushandiswa kwakatosimbiswa pakurapa vana, asi izvi hazvirevi kuti chigadzirwa chose chinayo chakakodzera vana. Mashoko eU.S. PROVAYBLUE ekunyorera mushonga anotaura nezvekurapa methemoglobinemia yakawanikwa uchishandisa mushonga unopinzwa mutsinga. Haatsigiri chirongwa chekugara zvakanaka chinoshandisa mushonga unonwiwa, mushonga wekuzora mumuromo memucheche, kana kurapa mapundu anokonzerwa nenapukeni.
Saka mubvunzo wekuti “Methylene blue yakachengeteka kuvana here?” unoda zvimwe zvinhu zvina: chirwere chaonekwa, zera remwana, magadzirirwo chaiwo echigadzirwa, uye nzira yekuchipa. Pasina mashoko iwayo, mubvunzo wacho unosanganisa sarudzo dzakasiyana-siyana dzekurapa.
Zvinorehwa nekushandiswa pakurapa vana
Methemoglobinemia chirwere cheropa chinoitika kana hemoglobin yachinja zvekutadza kutakura okisijeni sezvainofanira kuita. Mimwe mishonga nemakemikari zvinogona kuchikonzera. Kurapa kwacho kune chekuita nekusvitsa okisijeni mumuviri, kwete nechitarisiko cheronda remumuromo kana mapundu paganda. Tsananguro yedu yekurapwa kwemethemoglobinemia muchipatara inotsanangura dambudziko iroro chairo rekurapa.
Mashoko echigadzirwa cheEuropean Proveblue anoti mushonga unofanira kupiwa nenyanzvi yezveutano uye anosanganisira varwere vane makore 0 kusvika 17. Mumirayiridzo yekunyorera mushonga, anoparadzanisa vacheche vachangoberekwa nevacheche vane mwedzi isingapfuuri mitatu kubva kuvana vakura. Anotsanangurawo kuti vacheche vadiki zvikuru vari nyore kubatwa nematambudziko acho uye kuti vanofanira kuongororwa panguva yekurapwa. Misiyano iyi inokosha kunyange musati mafunga nezvechimwe chirwere kana imwe nzira yekupa mushonga.
Sarudzo inoitwa muchipatara inoyera kubatsira kwekurapa chirwere chaonekwa ichienzanisa nenjodzi kumurwere iyeye. Chirevo chinopiwa kuvatengi chekuti chigadzirwa chinovandudza kuterera kana simba remwana ane utano chinotangira parubatsiro rwakasiyana rwuri kufungidzirwa uye chinoda uchapupu hwacho. Kuvapo kwesarudzo yekutanga hakuzadzi uchapupu husipo hwesarudzo yechipiri.
Pfupiso yeuchapupu maererano nezera nemamiriro ekushandiswa
Pfupiso iri pasi apa inobatanidza mapoka ezera nemamiriro ekushandiswa anotsigirwa nezvinyorwa. Nhamba dzeU.S. dzinobva pachikamu 8.4 chemirayiridzo iri paDailyMed pari zvino, chakaongororwa musi waGunyana 12, 2026. Dzinotsanangura ongororo mbiri dzemapoka ezviitiko zvakaitika kare, umo vana vaviri vakapiwa PROVAYBLUE uye gumi nevaviri vakapiwa chimwe chigadzirwa chemethylene blue.
| Zera kana boka revanhu | Uchapupu nemamiriro ekushandiswa | Zvingagumiswa nemubereki |
|---|---|---|
| Vacheche vachangoberekwa vasati vasvitsa mwedzi 1 | Varwere 3 mumapoka ezviitiko zvevana eU.S.; methemoglobinemia yakawanikwa | Kushandiswa pakurapa vacheche vachangoberekwa kuripo pachirwere ichi. |
| Vacheche, kubva pamwedzi 1 kusvika vasati vasvitsa makore 2 | Varwere 4 mumapoka iwayo | Kusanganisirwa kwevacheche hakusi uchapupu hwekurapa maronda emumuromo mevacheche. |
| Vana, kubva pamakore 2 kusvika vasati vasvitsa makore 12 | Varwere 4 mumapoka iwayo | Zvakacherechedzwa izvi zvine chekuita nechirwere cheropa, kwete kutora zvinowedzera kudya zuva nezuva. |
| Vari kuyaruka, kubva pamakore 12 kusvika vasati vasvitsa makore 17 | Varwere 3 mumapoka iwayo | Zvakacherechedzwa kune vari kuyaruka hazvitsigiri chirongwa chekugara zvakanaka. |
| Vakuru vari kurapwa gomarara | Muedzo wekushandisa chinosukurudza muromo, wakagovera vanhu mumapoka zvisina kurongwa, wakaongorora kurwadza kwekuzvimba kwemukati memuromo | Varwere, chirwere, nzira yekupa mushonga, uye zvakayerwa zvakasiyana nezvichemo zvepahuro pevacheche. |
| Vakuru vane candidiasis yemumuromo | Muedzo wekutanga wakaenzanisa kurapwa kunoshandiswa pamwe nechiedza nenystatin | Maitiro ekurapa mazino haangorerutswi kuita kuzora dhayi mumuromo memwana. |
| Vacheche vane kutsvuka panofukidzwa nenapukeni | Nhoroondo dzevabereki dzinotaura kuvandudzika pasina kusimbisa chakakonzera dambudziko | Nhoroondo yemapundu haikwanisi kusimbisa Candida kana kuziva kuti ndeupi mushonga wakabatsira. |
Aya mapoka euchapupu, kwete chati yehuwandu hwemushonga. Ongororo yezviitiko zvakaitika kare inonyora zvakaitika pakurapwa; haigoveri vana mumapoka zvisina kurongwa kuti ienzanise dzimwe nzira dzekurapa. Inogona kuva neuchapupu hwakasimba padambudziko rechimbichimbi rakatsanangurwa zvakajeka, asi husina kusimba pakushandiswa kuri kufungidzirwa kusinei naro. Zvidzidzo zvevakuru zviri mutafura zvinotsanangurwa pasi apa.
Maronda emumuromo, kurwadza kwepahuro, uye thrush yevacheche mibvunzo yakasiyana
Vabereki vanosangana nemazano ekushandisa methylene blue pa“stomatitis,” makwapa epahuro, kusagadzikana pakumera mazino, uye thrush. Mashoko iwayo haarevi chinhu chimwe chete. Stomatitis inotsanangura kuzvimba kwemumuromo; haitauri kuti kwakakonzerwa nei. Ronda remumuromo rinogona kuda kuongororwa kwakasiyana nepahuro pakazvimba, uye kufungidzira Candida kunoda zvinopfuura kungoona nzvimbo chena kana tsvuku.
Mubvunzo wemubereki pamusoro pekurapa muromo wemwana ane mwedzi mina unoratidza kusava nechokwadi uku: matambudziko akataurwa aisanganisira zvakaonekwa pahuro uye nguva dzekutadza kufema zvakanaka. Hurukuro dzakadai dzinoratidza zvinoudzwa mhuri. Hadzisimbisi chirwere chiripo kana kuona kuti kurapa kuri kutaurwa kunoshanda.
Muedzo wa2022 wechikamu 2 wekuzvimba kwemukati memuromo panguva yekurapwa gomarara, wakagovera vanhu mumapoka zvisina kurongwa, waive nevakuru 60 vakaupedza. Wakaenzanisa kusukurudza nemethylene blue kwakawedzerwa pakurapa kwaiwanzoshandiswa nekurapa kwaiwanzoshandiswa kwega. Chinhu chikuru chakayerwa kwaiva kuchinja kwekurwadza mumazuva maviri, uye kuchengeteka kwakateverwa kusvika pamazuva 30. Wakataura kuderera kwekurwadza; vamwe vakapinda mumuedzo vakanzwa kutsva mumuromo. Ichi chaiva chidzidzo chekukuvadzwa kunorwadza kwenyama panguva yekurapwa gomarara, kwete kuratidza kuti methylene blue inorapa utachiona hwemwana.
Musiyano uyu unoshandawo pakutsvakurudza mishonga inorwisa fungi. Muedzo wekutanga wa2026 wecandidiasis yemumuromo wakanyoresa vanhu 18 uye wakaenzanisa kurapa nemethylene blue yakabatidzwa nechiedza pakiriniki yemazino nenystatin kwemazuva 14. Chinyorwa chacho chakanyorwa mumadunhurirwa sezvine chekuita nevakuru nevanhu vezera repakati. Chakaongorora zvose kuchinja kwezviratidzo uye kubviswa kwefungi, uye chakakurudzira zvidzidzo zvakakura. Kubatidza nechiedza kwaiva chikamu chekurapa kwacho. Kubvisa chikamu ichocho, kuchinja boka rezera, uye kuchinja nzira yekushandisa kunogadzira mubvunzo mutsva wekurapa.
Mucheche haakwanisewo kutevedzera nzira yemukuru yekusukurudza obva apfira. Huwandu hunosara, hunomedzwa, kana hunopararira kune imwe nzvimbo hungasiyana. Hurukuro yedu pamusoro pemethylene blue yemaronda emumuromo nekurwadza kwepahuro inoongorora zvakadzama misiyano iyoyo yechirwere chaonekwa nenzira yekupa mushonga. Zvidzidzo zviri pamusoro hazvipi chirongwa chekuzora mushonga kuvana kumba.
Ko nzvimbo inofukidzwa nenapukeni?
Mapundu enapukeni itsananguro inobva panzvimbo yaari, kwete kuonekwa kwechirwere chefungi. Gwaro reAmerican Academy of Pediatrics remapundu anowanzoitika panofukidzwa nenapukeni rinoparadzanisa kushatirwa kweganda neutachiona hwembiriso, hwemabhakitiriya, nezvimwe zvinokonzera mapundu. Unyoro, kukweshera, uye kusangana netsvina zvinogona kukuvadza ganda pasina Candida iri iyo yakatanga dambudziko. Mbiriso inogona kuwedzera dambudziko remapundu atovapo.
Kana kutsvuka kukaderera mushure mekunge munhu azora dhayi, pane tsananguro dzinoverengeka dzichiri kugoneka: ganda rakacheneswa kakawanda, kusangana nenapukeni kwakachinja, chimwe chigadzirwa chakashandiswa, kana kuti mapundu akaderera nekufamba kwenguva. Pasina kuziva chirwere uye kuenzanisa kune zvakwakanakira, kuvandudzika hakuratidzi kuti ndeipi tsananguro yakarurama.
Mirayiridzo yemishonga inobaiwa nezvidzidzo zvevakuru zvekushandisa mumuromo zvakaongororwa hazvitsigiri kurapa kuzvimba kweganda panofukidzwa nenapukeni remucheche nemethylene blue. Uyu ndiwo muganhu wezvinyorwa izvi, kwete uchapupu hwekuti hapana chinyorwa pamusoro pekuzora paganda chero kupi. Pakutsvuka kunoramba kuripo kana kunowedzera, danho rinotevera rinobatsira kuongorora chikonzero. Fivha, kutsvuka kunorwadza kuri kupararira, urwa, kana matuzu zvinoda kutsvaga zano rekurapa nokukurumidza.
Nei kuverenga huwandu hwakanyungudutswa kusingakwanisi kugadzira chirongwa chemwana
Kuverenga huwandu hwakanyungudutswa kunopindura kuti chinhu chakawanda sei chiri muvhoriyamu yakati. Hakukwanisi kuona kana chinhu chacho chichifanira kushandiswa, kuti huwandu hupi hunopinda kana kusangana nemuviri hwakakodzera, kana kuti chigadzirwa chacho chakakodzera nyama yemuviri yachakanangidzirwa. Kushandura muzana kuita mamirigiramu hakugadzirisi matambudziko iwayo. Kunyange kuwanza huwandu hunotorwa nemukuru kuti agare zvakanaka nechikamu chinomiririra uremu hwemwana kana huchienzaniswa nehwevakuru hakugadzirisiwo matambudziko acho.
Gwaro rezviyero zvehuwandu hwemethylene blue rinotsanangura nyaya yekuyera. Hurukuro yakasiyana pamusoro pemagadzirirwo emishonga inobaiwa nekushandiswa mutsinga inotsanangura kuti nei mvura ine mushonga inotengeswa nezvitoro nemushonga wakagadzirirwa kubaiwa zvisingafaniri kutorwa sezvinotsivana.
Musati mashandisa mushonga wakanyorerwa, simbisai:
- Chirwere chiri kurapwa nerubatsiro runotarisirwa.
- Chigadzirwa chaicho, nzira yekuchipa, neboka rezera zvinotsanangurwa nemirayiridzo.
- Kana kushandiswa kwacho kwakatarwa pamirayiridzo kana kuti iri sarudzo yemurwere mumwe chete yekushandisa zvisina kutarwa pamirayiridzo.
- Mishonga ipi nezvirwere zvipi zvinokanganisa sarudzo.
- Kuti kushanda kwemushonga nezvinokonzerwa zvisingadiwi zvichaongororwa sei.
Zvikamu zvemashoko echigadzirwa cheEuropean zvinotaura mamiriro anorambidza kushandiswa nekudyidzana nemimwe mishonga zvinoratidza kushomeka kweG6PD uye kudyidzana nemishonga inokanganisa serotonin kunogona kuva kwakakomba. Endai nerondedzero yakazara yemishonga yemwana, kusanganisira zvigadzirwa zvinotengwa pasina kunyorerwa, kunyanzvi iri kunyorera mushonga. Gwaro rakakura rekuchengeteka kwemethylene blue rinotsanangura matambudziko aya.
Kana miromo yemwana ikaita yebhuruu kana yegireyi, akatadza kufema zvakanaka, akadonha, kana kuti akaratidza kusadaira zvakanyanya, tsvagai rubatsiro rwechimbichimbi pane kuedza methylene blue kumba. Mazano eFDA pamusoro pezvigadzirwa zvevacheche vari kumera mazino anotsanangura kuti benzocaine inogona kukonzera methemoglobinemia. Kana muchifungidzira kuti mwana asangana nayo, anoda kuongororwa nokukurumidza; izvi hazvipi murayiridzo wekushandisa mushonga wekurwisa chepfu kumba.