Chinyorwa
Methylene blue, tyramine, nezvikafu zvakaviriswa: zvinorehwa neyambiro dzeMAOI
Methylene blue inodzivisa kushanda kwemonoamine oxidase, saka mibvunzo pamusoro pechizi yakachengetwa kuti ikure, miriwo yakaviriswa, nezvimwe zvikafu zvine tyramine ine hwaro musainzi yemashandiro emishonga. Zvisinei, kuwanikwa ikoko hakusimbisi rondedzero yezvikafu zvinofanira kudziviswa nemunhu wese anoshandisa methylene blue kana nguva yokumirira inonzi yakachengeteka. Mirayiridzo yekudya inoshandiswa neimwe mishonga inodzivisa MAO haigoni kungotorwa ichishandiswa kune mumwe mushonga.
Mibvunzo miviri inoda mhinduro dzakasiyana: kuderera kwekuputswa kwetyramine kungawedzera here kukwira kweBP kunokonzerwa nechikafu, uye kuderera kwekuputswa kweserotonin kungakonzera here muchetura kana kwakabatanidzwa nemishonga inowedzera kushanda kweserotonin? Kudzivisa zvikafu zvakaviriswa hakupinduri mubvunzo wechipiri.
Nei tyramine ichipinda munhaurirano
Tyramine iamine inogadzirwa nezvinhu zvipenyu; tumwe tupukanana tudiki tinoigadzira kubva kuamino acid inonzi tyrosine. Chirongwa cheETH Zurich pamusoro petyramine muzvikafu zvakaviriswa chinotsanangura maitiro aya muchizi nenyama yakaviriswa. Saka kuviriswa kune chekuita nenyaya iyi, asi shoko rokuti “zvakaviriswa” haritauri kuti chikamu chekudya chine tyramine yakawanda sei.
Mhando dzetupukanana tudiki, zvinoumba chikafu, kukura kwechikafu, kuchengetwa kwacho, uye kukura kwechikamu chinodyiwa zvinokanganisa huwandu hwetyramine hunopinda mumuviri. Muongororo yekuedza yechizi yeOlomouc curd, vatsvakurudzi vakayera maamine anogadzirwa nezvinhu zvipenyu vachishandisa chromatography, vachichinja tembiricha nenguva yekuchengetwa kwechizi. Kuwanda kwetyramine kwakasiyana zvikuru mumamiriro akaedzwa. Zviyero izvozvo zvinotsanangura kuyedzwa kwechizi iyoyo, kwete huwandu hwakavimbika hwechizi yose, sauerkraut, kana yogati zviri mukicheni.
Kazhinji, monoamine oxidase iri munzira yekugaya chikafu inobatsira kuputsa maamine adyiwa huwandu hukuru husati hwasvika muropa rinotenderera mumuviri. Kana dziviriro iyoyo ikaderera zvakakwana, tyramine yapinda mumuviri inogona kukurudzira kubudiswa kwenoradrenaline kubva mutsinga dzehurongwa hwesympathetic, zvichikwidza BP. Mashoko ekurayira kushandiswa kweEMSAM anotsanangura mashandiro aya etyramine. Anoratidzawo musiyano unokosha: mashandiro acho anotsanangura kuti nei kudyidzana kuchigona kuitika; ongororo dzakanangana nemushonga mumwe chete ndidzo dzinoratidza kuti mashandiro aya anofanira kushandiswa sei mumirayiridzo yemushonga iwoyo.
“MAOI” hairevi mutemo mumwe chete wekudya
Monoamine oxidase ine mhando mbiri, MAO-A neMAO-B. Mishonga inosiyana pamhando yainodzivisa, pakusimba kwekudzivisa kwacho pahuwandu hwakati hunopinda mumuviri, uye pakuti kudzivisa ikoko kunogona kudzorerwa here. Inosiyanawo pakusvika kwayo muura, muchiropa, nemune dzimwe nyama dzemuviri.
Mishonga yekare inodzivisa MAO isingasarudzi mhando uye ine kudzivisa kusingadzorerwi, yakadai setranylcypromine, inosiyana nemushonga unodzivisa MAO-A nenzira inodzorerwa, wakadai semoclobemide. Kudzivisa kunodzorerwa kunogona kuderedza kuwedzerwa kwesimba retyramine, asi “kunodzorerwa” hakurevi kuti hapana kudyidzana. Mashoko echigadzirwa chemoclobemide kazhinji haadi kudya kwakakosha, asi achiri kupa zano rokudzivisa huwandu hukuru hwezvikafu zvine tyramine yakawanda.
Ongororo yakaitwa pavanhu 16 vakazvipira vane utano, ichishandisa placebo uye vanhu vese nevatsvakurudzi vasingazivi kuti ndiani apiwa chii, yakaenzanisa zvakananga moclobemide netranylcypromine panguva yekurapwa kwakadzokororwa. Vatsvakurudzi vakapa tyramine yakaramba ichiwedzerwa pamwe nechikafu, vakayera huwandu hwaidiwa kuti BP yesystolic ikwire neinenge 30 mmHg kana kupfuura. Tranylcypromine yakawedzera kukwira kweBP zvakanyanya kupfuura moclobemide. Uku kwaiva kuyedza kunodzorwa kwekuita kwemuviri, kwete kuyedza chikafu kumba kana ongororo yemethylene blue.
Nzira yekupinzwa mumuviri nehuwandu hunosvika mumuviri zvinokoshawo kunyange pamushonga mumwe chete. Chiratidzo chechigamba cheselegiline chinosiyanisa masimba acho akaedzwa: humbowo hwacho hunotsigira kusachinja kudya pa6 mg pamaawa 24, asi zvigamba zvinopa 9 ne12 mg pamaawa 24 zvine zvirambidzo zvekudya. Nhamba idzodzo ndedzechigamba ichocho. Hadzisi miganhu inogona kutorwa ichishandiswa pamethylene blue inotorwa nemuromo.
Zvinotsigirwa neongororo dzemethylene blue
Muongororo yaRamsay nevamwe yeenzyme ya2007, vatsvakurudzi vakaedza MAO yemunhu yakacheneswa vachishandisa nzira dzekuongorora kumhanya kwemaitiro ayo uye spectroscopy. Methylene blue yakadzivisa MAO-A zvakasimba uye nenzira inodzorerwa; kudzivisa MAO-B kwaida kuwanda kwakakwirira. Izvi zvinosimbisa kudyidzana pamwero wemamorekuru. Hazviyeri kuchinja kweBP kunokonzerwa nechikafu chakaviriswa muvanhu vanotora chigadzirwa nemuromo.
Kunewo humbowo hwekare hwekuyedza hunobatanidza tyramine pachayo. Mukuyedza nyama yetsinga dzinopa ropa kuura hwembwa, methylene blue yakaderedza kubviswa kweboka reamine kubva kutyramine munyama dzakanga dzapwanywa dzikasanganiswa, uye yakachinja mabatirwo ainaitwa noradrenaline. Nyama yakapwanywa ikasanganiswa iyi inenge yabviswa muchimiro chayo ichiongororwa kunze kwemhuka. Kuwanda kwakayerwa mairi hakugoni kushandurwa kuva huwandu hwakachengeteka hwokutora nemuromo kana chikamu chekudya.
Muzvinyorwa zvakaongororwa pano, handina kuwana mhedzisiro yekuyedzwa kwevanhu nechikafu inosimbisa mitemo yekudya inoshanda kuvanhu vese kana nguva yokudzivisa chikafu pakushandiswa kwezvigadzirwa zvemethylene blue zvakajairika. Izvozvo zvinoratidza muganhu wehumbowo hwakawanikwa, kwete uchapupu hwokuti musanganiswa wese wezvikafu wakachengeteka kana kuti hapana ongororo yakakodzera iripo. Chigadzirwa chakagadzirwa neimwe nzira chine chekuita nacho, imwe nzira yekupinzwa mumuviri, kana kuyedzwa kweenzyme, chimwe nechimwe chaizoda kuongororwa pachacho kuti humbowo hwacho hunoshanda papi.
Tafura yehumbowo: chikafu, mishonga, nenzira yekupinzwa mumuviri
Verenga mutsara mumwe nemumwe kubva kuruboshwe kuenda kurudyi. Humbowo hwechimwe chinoitika hahungopinduri mubvunzo uri pedyo nacho.
| Chinosvika mumuviri kana mubvunzo | Humbowo huripo | Zvahunotsigira | Zvisati zvajekeswa |
|---|---|---|---|
| Tyramine pamwe nemishonga yekare yeMAOI inoshandiswa pakurapa kuora mwoyo | Zviratidzo zvakanangana nemushonga mumwe chete uye kuyedzwa kwevanhu netyramine kunodzorwa | Kudyidzana kunokwidza BP kunobva pachikafu kunogona kuva kwakakosha pakurapa | Mirayiridzo iyoyo haisimbisi mitemo yekudya yemethylene blue |
| Methylene blue pamwe netyramine muzvirongwa zvemurabhoritari | Kuyedzwa kwemaenzyme akacheneswa nenyama dzemhuka kwakatsanangurwa pamusoro | Chikonzero chinonzwisisika chokunetseka nekuderera kwekuputswa kwemaamine | Kuita kwemuviri wemunhu mushure mekudya, miganhu yezvikafu, nenguva zvichienderana nemagadzirirwo echigadzirwa nenzira yekupinzwa mumuviri |
| Methylene blue inopinzwa mutsinga pamwe nemishonga inowedzera kushanda kweserotonin | Mishumo yezvakaitika mukurapa uye yambiro yePROVAYBLUE yakaiswa mubhokisi | Kudyidzana kwakakomba kwekuva muchetura kweserotonin, kunogona kuuraya | Mishumo iyi haiyeri njodzi yezvikafu zvine tyramine |
| Mushonga une methylene blue unotorwa nemuromo pamwe nemishonga inowedzera kushanda kweserotonin | Mushumo wakabudiswa wechiitiko chemunhu mumwe chete | Hazvifaniri kungofungidzirwa kuti kutora nemuromo kunobvisa njodzi yekuva muchetura kweserotonin | Kuwanda kwezviitiko uye hukama pakati pehuwandu hunopinda mumuviri nekuita kwemuviri pazvigadzirwa zvakasiyana zvinotorwa nemuromo |
| Kuzora paganda, kusvika kwacho panzvimbo imwe yenyama dzemuviri, kana zvigadzirwa zvinotsanangurwa se“zvine huwandu hudiki” | Hapana mutemo unoshanda kuvanhu vese wekuchengeteka kwechikafu wakasimbiswa nezvinyorwa zvakaongororwa pano | Nzira yekupinzwa mumuviri, magadzirirwo echigadzirwa, kunyudzwa mumuviri, huwandu, nekushandiswa kwakadzokororwa zvinoda kuongororwa zvakaparadzana | Nguva yokudzivisa chikafu yakasimbiswa kana muganhu usingakonzere kudyidzana |
Chiratidzo chiripo zvino chePROVAYBLUE chine chekuita nejekiseni rinopinzwa mutsinga. Yambiro yacho yakaiswa mubhokisi inotaura nezveserotonin syndrome kana ichishandiswa nemishonga inowedzera kushanda kweserotonin uye nemaopioid. Haipi hurongwa hwekudya hwetyramine. Kusavapo kwemashoko iwayo kana mirayiridzo yayo yenguva yekushandisa mishonga hazvifaniri kushandurwa kuva vimbiso yekuchengeteka kwechikafu.
Kutora nemuromo kunokoshawo pakurapa: Zuschlag nevamwe vakashuma kuva muchetura kweserotonin mushure mokunge mushonga unorwadza munzira yeweti, une methylene blue uye unotorwa nemuromo, watangwa pamunhu aitora mishonga yakawanda inowedzera kushanda kweserotonin. Chiitiko chimwe chete hachigoni kuratidza kuti izvi zvinoitika kakawanda sei kana kusiyanisa chinhu chimwe nechimwe chakabatsira kuti zviitike. Asi chinopikisa fungidziro yokuti kutora nemuromo kunoita kuti kudyidzana uku kusava nebasa.
Zviratidzo zvine chekuita neBP nekuva muchetura kweserotonin mibvunzo yakasiyana
Kukwira kweBP kunokonzerwa netyramine kune chekuita nekuwanda kwekushanda kwehurongwa hweadrenergic uye BP inogona kukwira zvakanyanya. Kuva muchetura kweserotonin kune chekuita nekuwanda kwekushanda kweserotonin, uye kunogona kusanganisira kusagadzikana, kupisa muviri, kudikitira, kuomarara kana kukandwa kwemhasuru, uye BP inochinja-chinja. Zviratidzo zvazvo zvinogona kufanana. Kutemwa nemusoro mushure mekudya hakugoni pachako kuratidza kuti chii chazvikonzera.
Tsvaka rubatsiro rwechimbichimbi rwekurapa kana watemwa nemusoro zvikuru kamwe kamwe, warwadziwa muchipfuva, watanga kushaya simba kana kuomerwa nekutaura, wadonha, kana wapisa muviri uchivhiringidzika uye uine kuomarara kukuru kana kukandwa kwemhasuru mushure mekudyidzana kunofungidzirwa. Usamirira kuti uzive chikafu chazvikonzera kana kuedza kuita kuti zviitike zvakare. Uya nemudziyo wechigadzirwa nerondedzero yemishonga kana zviri nyore kuzviwana.
Pakuronga kushandiswa, mubvunzo unobatsira ndeuyu wakanangana nezvinhu zvakati: “Pamagadzirirwo echigadzirwa aya, nzira iyi yekupinzwa mumuviri, huwandu uhu, nenguva iyi yekurapwa, ndeipi mirayiridzo yekudya inoshanda, uye ndehupi humbowo hunotsigira nguva inofanira kuteverwa mirayiridzo iyoyo?” Usarega mishonga yawakarayirwa kuti ukwanise kutevera hurongwa hwawawana paindaneti, kana kufungidzira kuti zvakachengeteka kubva pamashoko okuti “huwandu hudiki.”
Shandisa rondedzero yezvinofanira kukurukurwa nemupi wezvekurapa kunyora chigadzirwa nezvinhu zvinosvika mumuviri. Nhungamiro dzakasiyana dzekudyidzana kwemethylene blue nemishonga uye zvainoita paBP dzinotsanangura mibvunzo iyoyo yekurapa zvakadzama. Mibvunzo pamusoro pedoro, caffeine, nezvinowedzerwa pakudya ine chekuita nemamwe mashandiro, ukuwo ongororo yezvinhu zvinotumira mashoko pakati petsinga ichitsanangura kuti nei mhedzisiro yeenzyme isingagoni kufanotaura huwandu hwezvinhu izvozvo mumunhu.