Chinyorwa
Methylene blue inobvisa simbi dzinorema here kana kuti inoshanda sekubvisa chepfu?
Methylene blue haisi nzira yekurapa yakasimbiswa yekubvisa simbi dzinorema mumuviri. Zvinyorwa zvekiriniki netsvakurudzo zvakaongororwa pachinyorwa chino hazvina kuratidza humbowo muvanhu hunoratidza kuti inowedzera zvakakosha kubviswa kwelead, mercury, cadmium, kana arsenic uye inovandudza mhedzisiro yekuchepfedzwa. Izvi zvinoratidza muganhu weumbowo hwakawanikwa, kwete humbowo hwekuti kudyidzana kwese kungangoitika kwemakemikari kwakabviswa mukufungidzirwa.
Zvirevo zvitatu zvakasiyana zvinowanzosanganiswa mushoko rekuti “kubvisa chepfu”: chigadzirwa chine kusvibiswa kushoma, chinhu chinoshandura maitiro emasero pakushushikana, uye kurapa kunobvisa chinhu chine chepfu mumunhu. Humbowo hwechimwe hahusimbisi zvimwe.
Chigadzirwa chakachena mhedzisiro yemhando
Paneli yesimbi dzinorema inoongorora sampuli yechigadzirwa yakatumirwa. Inogona kuratidza huwandu hwelead, mercury, cadmium, uye arsenic, pamwe chete nemayuniti, nzira, nemiganhu yekuzivisa. Arsenic imetalloid, kunyange zvazvo ichiwanzobatanidzwa mumapaneli anotsanangurwa sekuongororwa kwesimbi dzinorema.
Nzira dzeFDA dzekuongorora maelementi dzinoratidza basa rekuongorora: kuyera maelementi chaiwo muchinhu chakatsanangurwa uchishandisa nzira dzakasimbiswa. Mhedzisiro iri pasi pemuganhu wekuzivisa inoreva kuti rabhoritari haina kukwanisa kuzivisa huwandu huri pamusoro pemuganhu iwoyo pasi pemamiriro iwayo. Hazvirevi kuti elementi yacho haipo zvachose pamasvomhu.
Panyaya ye methylene blue, izvi zvinopindura kana sampuli yakaongororwa ichiunza chinosvibisa chakayerwa. Hazvitauri chinhu nezvekubvisa kusvibiswa kwatovepo mumuviri. Chitupa chinoratidza lead shoma hachigoni kusimbisa kugona kwekusunga lead nenzira yechelation, sezvo kuongororwa kwemvura kusingagoni kusimbisa mashandiro emushonga.
Gwaro redu pamusoro pesimbi dzinorema, Azure B, nezvimwe zvinosvibisa methylene blue rinotsanangura kuti sei paneli yemaelementi ichisiyawo mimwe mibvunzo yemhando isina kupindurwa. Kuzivikanwa kwechigadzirwa, tsvina ine chekuita nedhayi, uye zvinosvibisa zvemaelementi zvinoda humbowo hwekuongorora hwakasiyana.
Kubviswa kwesimbi kwaizoda chii chaizvo?
Chelation inosanganisira kemikari inosunga ion yesimbi. Mukurapa, mubvunzo unobatsira ndewekuti kudyidzana ikoko kunobatsira here muviri kubvisa simbi yakakodzera nenjodzi dzinogamuchirika. Kusunga kunoonekwa mutest tube chete hakugoni kusimbisa kuti chinhu chinosvika munyama yakakodzera, chinoramba chakabata simbi panguva yekufamba kwayo, kana kuti chinounza rubatsiro rwekiriniki.
Tsananguro yeFDA yechelation yekurapa inosiyanisa kurapa kwemishonga kunotarisirwa nenyanzvi kubva kuzvigadzirwa zvisina kubvumidzwa zvinotengeswa kuti vanhu vazvishandise kumba pakubvisa chepfu. Inotaura kuti hapana chigadzirwa chechelation chakabvumidzwa neFDA kuti chishandiswe pasina tsamba yemushonga.
Chirevo chinovimbika chekuti methylene blue inobvisa simbi chaizoda simbi yakadomwa, kubatwa kana kusangana kwayo kwakazivikanwa, formulation nenzira yekuisa zvakatsanangurwa, mapoka ekuenzanisa akakodzera, uye kuyerwa kunoitwa nekufamba kwenguva. Vatsvakurudzi vaizofanira kusiyanisa kuwedzera kwekubviswa kubva pakutamiswa kwesimbi pakati peropa nenyama kana kuderedzwa kwekuramba uchisangana nayo. Mhedzisiro pautano nemigumisiro isingadiwi zvakakosha pamwe chete nemakoshero emurabhoritari.
“Kunotsigira nzira dzekubvisa chepfu” hakupi zviyero izvozvo zvisipo. Saizvozvowo, pfungwa yekuti panogona kuva nekusunga kune chekuita nesulfur yakatorwa kubva pachimiro chemolecule haisi humbowo hwakadaro.
Tafura yezvirevo neumbowo
Shandisa tafura iyi kuona kuti mushumo unoyera chii chaizvo usati wagamuchira chirevo chinouya nawo.
| Chirevo kana zvinoonekwa | Humbowo hunochipindura | Zvachisingagoni kusimbisa pachoga |
|---|---|---|
| “Batch iyi ine kusvibiswa kushoma kwesimbi dzinorema” | Mhedzisiro yemaelementi yakabatana nebatch, mayuniti, miganhu yekuzivisa, kuzivikanwa kwesampuli, uye nzira yakakodzera yakasimbiswa | Kubviswa kwesimbi mumunhu; kusavapo kwetsvina yese mimwe |
| “Methylene blue inoderedza oxidative stress” | Zviyero zvinodzorwa zvemasero kana zvemhuka zvemaendpoints eredox akatsanangurwa, pamwe nekudzora assay kwakakodzera | Kusunga simbi, kuwedzera kubudiswa kwesimbi, kana kushanda kwekurapa muvanhu |
| “Simbi inosunga mukuedza kwemurabhoritari” | Zviyero zvakananga zvekusunga pasi pemamiriro emakemikari akatsanangurwa | Kusunga kwakadzikama mumuviri, kutakurwa kwakachengeteka, kana kubviswa |
| “Muviri uri kubudisa simbi yakawanda” | Zviyero zvakasimbiswa zvinoenderana nesimbi chaiyo, nenguva yakakodzera yekuunganidza, zvokuenzanisa, uye kududzirwa | Kuti kuchepfedzwa kwaivapo, kuti huwandu hwese hunokuvadza huri munyama hwakadzikira, kana kuti hutano hwakavandudzika |
| “Methylene blue inobvisa chepfu yesimbi dzinorema” | Humbowo hwekurapa muvanhu hunobatanidza kusangana nesimbi, kupindira, mafambiro esimbi mumuviri, mhedzisiro ine kukosha, uye kukuvadza | Chirevo ichi chakafara hachina kusimbiswa neumbowo hwakawanikwa pachinyorwa chino |
| “Weti yava yebhuruu kana yegirinhi” | Humbowo hweruvara rune chekuita nedhayi | Kuyera kubviswa kwelead, mercury, arsenic, kana cadmium |
Tafura iyi chishandiso chekuverenga nekududzira humbowo, kwete gwara rekuongorora kana rekurapa.
Mhedzisiro yeantioxidant haiyeri kubviswa kwesimbi
Methylene blue inotora chikamu mumakemikari eoxidation-reduction. Saka kuedza kunogona kuongorora kuti inoshandura sei kupindura kwesero pakukuvadzwa pasina kuratidza kuti inobvisa chinokonzera kukuvadzwa ikoko.
Semuenzaniso, chidzidzo cha2009 Striatal neuroprotection with methylene blue chakaongorora makonzo akapiwa mitochondrial toxin rotenone zvakananga munzvimbo yeuropi, aine kana asina methylene blue yakaiswa munzvimbo iyoyo. Vatsvakurudzi vakaongorora saizi ye lesion, oxidative metabolism, oxidative stress, uye maitiro ekufamba. Dziviriro yakataurwa yaiva pamusoro pekukuvara kwenyama kwakagadzirwa mukuedza. Rotenone haisi simbi inorema, uye uku kwaisava kuedza muvanhu kwekubudiswa kwesimbi.
Panewo pepa rekare ra1980 pamusoro pekushanda kwemaenzyme mumakonzo akachepfedzwa nelead. Rekodhi yaro yePubMed inoratidza musoro iwoyo wekuyedza asi haina abstract. Rekodhi chete haigoni kusimbisa mhedzisiro yekurapa, kubviswa kwesimbi, kana kurudziro kuvanhu. Musoro une mashoko ekuti “lead poisoning” hausi humbowo hwakakwana hwechirevo chekubvisa chepfu paindaneti.
Misiyano iyi inoshanda pahwaro hwese hwehumbowo muvanhu hwemabhenefiti e methylene blue. Raibhurari yetsvakurudzo inoronga zvidzidzo zvichienderana nemapopulation nemaendpoints azvo chaiwo.
Nzira mbiri pfupi dzinotsausa
Chekutanga, kurapa methemoglobinemia hakusi chelation yesimbi. Ruzivo rwekunyora mushonga rweintravenous PROVAYBLUE runotsanangura basa re methylene blue mukushandura iron iri muhemoglobin kubva paferric kuenda kuferrous state. Iron inoshandura oxidation state ichiramba iri chikamu chehemoglobin. Izvi hazviratidzi kubviswa kweiron kana dzimwe simbi mumuviri.
Chechipiri, zvidzidzo zve“kubvisa” munharaunda zvinogona kuva nemabasa akapesana neanofungidzirwa nevaverengi. Pepa rine musoro unoti Removal of mercury and methylene blue from aqueous solution rinoongorora functionalized graphene-oxide adsorbent. Mercury ne methylene blue ndizvo zvinhu zviri kubviswa mumvura. Methylene blue haisi kurapa kuri kubvisa mercury mumurwere.
Kana uchifungidzira kusangana chaiko nechinhu chine chepfu
Tanga nechinhu chacho, kwachakabva, nguva, uye nzira yawakasangana nacho. Endesa mudziyo wechigadzirwa, ruzivo rwepabasa, kana mushumo wemurabhoritari wakakodzera kuna chiremba kana sevhisi yezvechepfu. Kusarudzwa nekududzirwa kwekuongororwa kunoenderana nesimbi inofungidzirwa nemamiriro ekusangana nayo.
Usatora chelator kuti ugadzire urine test inoratidza positive. Chinzvimbo cheAmerican College of Medical Toxicology pamusoro peprovoked urine testing chinotsanangura kuti chelators dzinogona kuwedzera kubudiswa kwesimbi muvanhu vane uye vasina kuchepfedzwa. Kuenzanisa mhedzisiro iyoyo nemareference ranges enguva dzose asina provocation kunogona kukonzera diagnosis inotsausa uye kurapa kusingadiwi.
Methylene blue inewo migumisiro yayo isingadiwi uye contraindications, kusanganisira kudyidzana kwakakosha nemishonga nenjodzi kune vane G6PD deficiency. Kunzwa kusagadzikana mushure mekuinwa hakusi humbowo hwekuti simbi dziri kufambiswa kubva munyama.
Kana uchifungidzira kuchepfedzwa kwakangoerekana kwaitika, bata sevhisi yezvechepfu nekukurumidza. Mirayiridzo yePoison Control yezvechimbichimbi inorayira kutsvaga rubatsiro rwechimbichimbi pakarepo kana munhu akadonha, abatwa nepfari, achitadza kufema, kana asingakwanisi kumutswa. MuUnited States, Poison Control ndeye 1-800-222-1222 uye nhamba yezvechimbichimbi i911; kune dzimwe nzvimbo, shandisa masevhisi emunharaunda. Usanonoke kuongororwa uchiedza chirongwa chekubvisa chepfu ne methylene blue.