Chinyorwa
COA yechinhu chinoshandiswa kugadzira ichienzaniswa nekuongororwa kwechigadzirwa chapera chemethylene blue
Chitupa chekuongororwa kwechinhu chinoshandiswa kugadzira chinopindura mibvunzo pamusoro pechinhu chakatorwa sampuli kuti chiongororwe. Hachingotsananguri mvura yakazogadzirwa kubva pachinhu ichocho, bhodhoro rakashandiswa kuichengeta, kana zvinoitika panguva yekuchengetwa. Kubatanidzwa kwemapoka ekugadzirwa kunoita kuti mushumo wechinhu chinoshandiswa kugadzira uve nechekuita nebhodhoro. Hakuchinji zvakaongororwa nerabhoritari.
Paminyunguduko yemethylene blue, mubvunzo unobatsira saka unofanira kunyatsotsanangurwa: Chinyorwa chipi chinotsigira chirevo ichi pamusoro pechinhu ichi chaicho? Kuzivikanwa kwechinhu, huwandu muvhoriyamu, mamiriro etupukanana nenguva yekuchengetwa zvinoda uchapupu hwakasiyana.
Tanga netsananguro yesampuli
COA mushumo wemiedzo yakatsanangurwa ichienzaniswa nezvinodiwa pakugamuchirwa zvakataurwa. Tanga watsvaga zita rechinhu, nhamba yeboka rekugadzirwa netsananguro yesampuli. Gwaro rinotsanangura hupfu hwemethylene blue rinoramba riri mushumo wechinhu chinoshandiswa kugadzira kunyange mutengesi akariisa pedyo nechigadzirwa chemunyunguduko.
Nhungamiro yeFDA pamusoro pezvitupa zvekuongororwa kwezvinhu zvinoshandiswa kugadzira inoda ruzivo rwekuzivisa chinhu, miedzo yakaitwa, miganhu yekugamuchirwa nemigumisiro iri munhamba kana migumisiro yacho ichiyerwa nenhamba. Mashoko iwayo anoratidza panogumira zvinorehwa nemushumo. Mugumisiro wekuongororwa kwehuwandu hwechinhu haugoni kutsiva kuongororwa kwetupukanana kusina kutaurwa, uye kuongororwa kweboka resimbi hakusimbisi chikamu chega chega chekuchena.
Kuti uwane tsananguro yemutsetse nemutsetse yenzira dzekuongorora, zviyero nemiganhu, shandisa nhungamiro yekuverenga chitupa chekuongororwa kwemethylene blue.
Chii chinochinja kana hupfu hwava munyunguduko?
Funga nezvemapoka maviri eminyunguduko ekufungidzira akagadzirwa kubva muboka rimwe chete rechinhu chinoshandiswa kugadzira. Rimwe rinogadzirwa kusvika pavhoriyamu yekupedzisira yakatarwa. Rimwe rinowedzerwa mvura. COA yechinhu chakashandiswa kugadzira yakafanana, asi huwandu muvhoriyamu hunosiyana. Ndokusaka chikamu muzana chinobva pakuongororwa kwehuwandu hwechinhu chinoshandiswa kugadzira nehuwandu muvhoriyamu hwemunyunguduko wapera huri mu mg/mL zvichipindura mibvunzo yakasiyana.
Kugadzira musanganiswa kunounza zvimwe zvinhu nemabasa: mvura, zvimwe zvinhu zvinoshandiswa, kuyera uremu, kugadzirisa vhoriyamu, kusanganisa, kusangana nemidziyo nekuzadza. Chinyorwa chekugadzira chakakodzera chinobatanidza mabasa aya neboka rechigadzirwa. Kuongororwa kwehuwandu hwemunyunguduko kunoyera munyunguduko wakatorwa sampuli. Hazvifaniri kuvhiringidzwa: nzira yekusanganisa yakanyorwa inotsanangura magadzirirwo; mugumisiro werabhoritari unotsanangura chiyero chakawanikwa.
Hurongwa hwemhando hweICH Q6A hunoparadzanisa zvinodiwa pachinhu chinoshandiswa kugadzira mushonga nezvinodiwa pachigadzirwa chemushonga, uye hunotora kuongorora sechikamu chehurongwa hwakakura hwekudzora kugadzira nekugadzikana. Misimboti iyi yezvemishonga inobatsira kusiyanisa mhando dzeuchapupu; kuireva hakusimbisi kuti chigadzirwa chinotengeswa kune veruzhinji mushonga wakatenderwa.
Tafura yezvinotsigirwa nemagwaro
Shandisa tafura iyi kuona chinyorwa chinotsigira chaunofanira kukumbira. Aya mapoka emagwaro, kwete chirevo chekuti Blupreme inobudisa kana kuita zvose zvakanyorwa.
| Mubvunzo wemhando | Zvinogona kutsigirwa neCOA yechinhu chinoshandiswa kugadzira | Chimwe chinyorwa kana uchapupu hunotsigira |
|---|---|---|
| Chinhu chekutanga imethylene blue here? | Kuzivikanwa kwechinhu chakatorwa sampuli kana miedzo yekuzivikanwa ichitaurwa | Chinyorwa chekutevera kwakabva chigadzirwa chinobatanidza boka iroro rechinhu chakashandiswa neboka rechigadzirwa |
| Zvinhu zvipi zvisina kuchena zvakawanikwa muchinhu chinoshandiswa kugadzira? | Migumisiro yezvinhu zvakaongororwa zvakadomwa, nzira nemiganhu | Ongororo yakanangana nemunyunguduko kana miedzo kana kusanganisa, kugadzira kana kuchengetwa zvichiunza mimwe mibvunzo |
| Bhodhoro rine huwandu muvhoriyamu hwakataurwa here? | Kuongororwa kwehuwandu hwechinhu chinoshandiswa kunobatsira kutsanangura chakaiswa; hakuyeri mvura yechigadzirwa chapera | Kuongororwa kwehuwandu hwemunyunguduko wapera, kune zviyero nezvinodiwa pakugamuchirwa; zvinyorwa zvekusanganisa nemapoka ekugadzirwa |
| Mvura ipi nezvimwe zvinhu zvipi zvakashandiswa? | Kazhinji hazvibatanidzwi mumushumo wechinhu chinoshandiswa kugadzira chemethylene blue | Zvinyorwa zvekusanganisa, zvinodiwa pazvinhu zvinoshandiswa nezvinyorwa zvemapoka ekugadzirwa zvinoratidza zvakaiswa chaizvo |
| Boka rechigadzirwa ichi rakagadzirwa nenzira yakafanana nguva dzose here? | Hapana tsananguro yakananga yekugadzirwa kwemunyunguduko | Zvinyorwa zvekugadzira, kusanganisa, kuzadza nekubvumidza chigadzirwa kuti chibudiswe; kutora sampuli nekudzora maitiro kune zvikonzero zvakatsigirwa |
| Munyunguduko unosangana nemiganhu yawo yetupukanana here? | Migumisiro yetupukanana muchinhu chinoshandiswa kugadzira chete, kana yataurwa | Kuongororwa kwetupukanana mumunyunguduko kwakakodzera, kunoratidza danho rakatorwa sampuli, nzira nemiganhu |
| Musanganiswa unodzivisa kuwanda kwetupukanana panguva yekushandiswa here? | Kuchena kwemakemikari echinhu chinoshandiswa kugadzira chete hakugoni kusimbisa izvi | Uchapupu hwekushanda kwekudzivisa tupukanana hwakanangana nemusanganiswa uye kudzora kwakakodzera kwehuwandu hwezvinhu zvinodzivirira kuparara |
| Chigadzirwa hachina tupukanana tupenyu here? | COA yemakemikari echinhu chinoshandiswa kugadzira haisimbisi kusava netupukanana tupenyu kwechigadzirwa | Zvinyorwa zvekusimbisa kusava netupukanana tupenyu pamaitiro ekugadzira, uchapupu hwakakodzera hwekubvumidza kubudiswa uye kudzora mudziyo nechivharo |
| Chigadzirwa chinosangana nemuganhu wemaendotoxin here? | Mugumisiro wemaendotoxin echinhu chinoshandiswa kugadzira chete, kana wakabatanidzwa chaizvo | Mushumo wemaendotoxin une chekuita nechigadzirwa, une zviyero, muganhu, kuzivikanwa kwesampuli neuchapupu hwekukodzera kwenzira yekuongorora |
| Munyunguduko ucharamba uri mukati mezvinodiwa uri mubhodhoro rawo here? | Kugadzikana kwechinhu chinoshandiswa kugadzira hakusimbisi nguva yekuchengetwa kwemunyunguduko | Ruzivo rwekugadzikana kwemusanganiswa nekurongedza kwawo, pamwe neuchapupu hwekuenderana nekudzivirirwa |
Mutsetse wekupedzisira wakakosha nokuti kurongedza chikamu chemamiriro anochengeterwa chigadzirwa. Kuchinja chivharo kana chinhu chakagadzirwa bhodhoro kunogona kuchinja mibvunzo inoda kuferefetwa. Nhungamiro yeFDA yemidziyo nezvivharo inoongorora kudzivirirwa, kuenderana, kuchengeteka nekushanda, ichishandisa zvidzidzo zvekugadzikana kutsigira kukodzera munguva yekuchengetwa. Bhodhoro rinoyevedza harisi roga chidzidzo chakadaro.
Kudzivisa kuwanda kwemabhakitiriya, kusava netupukanana tupenyu nemaendotoxin mashoma zvinotsanangura zvinhu zvakasiyana
Kudzivisa kuwanda kwemabhakitiriya zvinoreva kutadzisa mabhakitiriya kuwanda mumamiriro ari kutsanangurwa. Chirevo pamusoro pekushanda kwechinhu chinoshandiswa kugadzira hachisimbisi kuchengetedzwa kubva kutupukanana kwemusanganiswa wakati uri mubhodhoro. Huwandu muvhoriyamu, zvipenyu zviri kuongororwa, mamiriro ekusangana nazvo nemusanganiswa wose zvinokosha. Kunyange mugumisiro unoratidza kudziviswa kwekuwanda haungasimbisi kuti pakutanga pakanga pasina tupukanana tupenyu.
Pamvura dzemishonga dzine zvinhu zvinodzivirira kuparara, Q6A inosiyanisa huwandu hwezvinhu zvinodzivirira kuparara nekushanda kwazvo. Kuyera kuti chinhu chinodzivirira kuparara chiripo chakawanda zvakadini uye kuratidza kuti musanganiswa unodzora tupukanana mabasa akasiyana. Mashoko ekuti “methylene blue inodzivisa kuwanda kwemabhakitiriya” haagoni kutsiva chimwe chezvinyorwa izvi.
Kusava netupukanana tupenyu kune chekuita nekusavapo kwetupukanana tunokwanisa kurarama. Kusimbiswa kwazvo kunotsamira pakugadzira nekurongedza zvinodzorwa, pamwe neuchapupu hwakakodzera hwekubvumidza kubudiswa. Sezvinotsanangurwa neFDA pamusoro pemiganhu yekuongororwa kwekusava netupukanana tupenyu, kuongorora uku chimwe chikamu chehurongwa hwakazara hwekudzora kusvibiswa. Kuongorora zvinhu zvakatorwa semasampuli hakutarisi bhodhoro rega rega uye hakugoni kugadzirisa maitiro asina kudzorwa.
Maendotoxin zvikamu zvemabhakitiriya zvine chekuita nemabhakitiriya eGram-negative. Anogona kuramba aripo mushure mekunge mabhakitiriya afa, musiyano unotsanangurwa mutsananguro yeFDA yemapyrogen. Naizvozvo, kusava netupukanana tupenyu nekudzora maendotoxin mibvunzo yakasiyana. Mugumisiro wemaendotoxin hauyerawo mapyrogen ose angangovapo.
Verenga mushumo wemaendotoxin uchitarisa sampuli yakaongororwa, mugumisiro, zviyero nemuganhu wekugamuchirwa. Kuti “Yakagamuchirwa” pasina mashoko iwayo kunovanza zvakafananidzwa. Nhungamiro yeFDA yekuongorora maendotoxin inotaurawo nezvekukanganisa kunogona kuitwa nechigadzirwa pakuongorora: musanganiswa haufaniri kuderedza kana kuwedzera chiyero nenzira inoita kuti mugumisiro usashande. Mugumisiro wehupfu haugoni kupiwa rimwe zita uchinzi mugumisiro wemun y unguduko uri mubhodhoro. Hapana chimwe chezvirevo izvi chakazvimirira chinosimbisa kukodzera kubayiwa nejekiseni.
Muenzaniso weBlupreme wekutevera kwakabva chigadzirwa unowanikwa neveruzhinji
Peji reBlupreme rekuongorora mhando rinotsanangura nzira iyi muzvinyorwa zvarinogovera:
Nhamba yeboka remabhodhoro → nhamba yeboka rechinhu chakashandiswa kugadzira → COA yechinhu chakashandiswa kugadzira.
Tafura yaro yekuongorora yakabudiswa inosanganisira kuzivikanwa kwechinhu chinoshandiswa kugadzira, kuongororwa kwehuwandu pachiyero chechinhu chakaomeswa, mapoka akadurwa ezvinhu zvisina kuchena, kurasika pakuomeswa, zvakasara pakupiswa nezvinhu zvakasarudzwa zvisina kuchena zvinobva pamaelementi. Peji rinoratidza izvi sezvinyorwa zvezvinhu zvakashandiswa kugadzira zvakabatanidzwa nemapoka ezvigadzirwa.
Kubatanidzwa ikoko kunoita kuti mutengi awane uchapupu hwakakodzera hwechinhu chakashandiswa kugadzira. Hakufaniri kuverengwa sechirevo chekuti COA yakaratidzwa yechinhu chakashandiswa kugadzira inotaura huwandu muvhoriyamu hwebhodhoro rapera, miganhu yetupukanana, kusava netupukanana tupenyu, maendotoxin kana nguva yekuchengetwa. Peji rinowanikwa neveruzhinji rakaongororwa nokuda kwechinyorwa ichi harina kuratidza migumisiro iyoyo yemunyunguduko wapera. Izvi zvinotsanangura uchapupu hwaivapo papeji, kwete kuratidza kuti hapana zvimwe zvinyorwa zviripo.
Pakukumbira gwaro zvinobatsira, doma boka rebhodhoro nemubvunzo chaiwo usati wapindurwa: “Mugumisiro wehuwandu muvhoriyamu unoreva munyunguduko wapera here, uye mushumo upi unoratidza sampuli iyoyo?” Izvi zvinopa ruzivo rwakawanda kupfuura kungobvunza kana chigadzirwa “chakaongororwa.” Batanidza mhinduro nenhungamiro yezvinhu zvinoshandiswa mumunyunguduko pamwe netsananguro yesimbi dzinorema, Azure B nezvimwe zvinhu zvisina kuchena mumethylene blue paunenge uchienzanisa zvigadzirwa.