Chinyorwa
Bhuruu remetilini nekutsanya: zvinoratidzwa nezvidzidzo zveautophagy
Bhuruu remetilini rakadzidzwa mumasero akaiswa mumamiriro ekushushikana ane chekuita nezvinovaka muviri. Izvozvo hazvisimbisi kuti kuritora panguva yekutsanya kwepano nepapo kunovandudza utano. Muzvinyorwa zvakaongororwa pachinyorwa ichi, hatina kuwana muyedzo wakadzorwa wakaitwa pavanhu unoratidza bhenefiti paautophagy kana pautano kubva pakubatanidza bhuruu remetilini nekutsanya.
Pane mibvunzo mitatu yakasiyana: zvakayerwa nemuyedzo wemurabhoritari, kana mushonga wakaumbwa uchikodzera tsananguro yakati yekutsanya, uye kana kuutora usina kudya kuchichinja kutorwa kwawo mumuviri kana kugona kwemuviri kuutsungirira. Mhinduro inobvuma chimwe haigoni kupindura zvimwe.
Zvinorehwa nekushaiswa seramu mumuyedzo wataurwa
Muchidzidzo chaXie nevamwe cha2013 chemasero etsinga, vaongorori vakashandisa masero eHT22, rudzi rwemasero anobva muhippocampus yembeva. Vakatsiva mvura yekurimiramo masero yakawedzerwa seramu neDMEM isina seramu. Masero akaramba ari mumvura yekurimiramo yemurabhoritari; haana kuendeswa mumvura yakachena isina zvimwe.
Bhuruu remetilini rakaderedza apoptosis yaibatana nekushaiswa seramu, rudzi rwekufa kwesero kwakarongwa. Vaongorori vakayerawo kuratidzwa kweLC3B nekudhaya uye huwandu hwemapuroteni, vakaongorora puroteni p62 ine chekuita neautophagy, uye vakashandisa zvinhu zvinodzivisa mashandiro kuti vaedze nzira yavakafungidzira. Mhedzisiro yavo yakaratidza kubatanidzwa kwekutumirwa kwemasaini neAMPK pasina kudziviswa kwemTOR kunombofungidzirwa mune zvinotaurwa paindaneti. Mimwe miyedzo yakasiyana yakaitwa pambeva yakaongorora nyama yeuropi mushure mekupiwa bhuruu remetilini.
Kubvisa seramu kunochinja musanganiswa unotsigira masero akarimwa, kusanganisira zvinhu zvinotsigira kukura. Hakudzokorori mhinduro dzakabatana dzemahomoni, kugaya chikafu, uye nyama dzemuviri dzemunhu anenge arega kudya zvimwe zvekudya zvake. Uyewo, kuvandudzwa kwekurarama kwerudzi urwu rwemasero hakusimbisi mhedzisiro inodiwa murudzi rwese rwesero kana muchirwere chese.
Kuenzanisa zvinotaurwa nezvidzidzo
Kuenzanisa uku kunoparadzanisa chakaitwa nezvakayerwa pakupedzisira. Zita rechidzidzo harina kubatsira zvakanyanya sekuziva zvakachinjwa uye zvakaverengwa.
| Chirevo chiri kuongororwa | Muenzaniso wakashandiswa kana kuenzanisa kunodiwa | Chiyero chemhedzisiro | Zvinogona kutsigirwa nehumbowo |
|---|---|---|---|
| “Bhuruu remetilini rinobatsira masero ari kutsanya.” | Xie 2013: masero embeva eHT22 akabvisirwa seramu, aine uye asina bhuruu remetilini | Apoptosis, kugona kurarama uye zviyero zvine chekuita neautophagy | Kudzivirirwa mumamiriro iwayo ekurimirwa masero; hapana mhedzisiro yekutsanya kwevanhu |
| “Rinomutsa nzira ine chekuita nesimba, saka rinotevedzera kutsanya.” | Atamna 2015: masero evanhu eIMR90 fibroblast akarimwa akapiwa bhuruu remetilini | Reshiyo yeNAD/NADH, kuwedzerwa kwephosphate kuAMPK, kushanda kwemaenzayimu emitochondria uye zviyero zvine chekuita nekukwegura kwemasero | Mhinduro yemasero kuchinhu ichi; hapana shanduko pakudya yakaedzwa |
| “Tsvakurudzo yekutsanya inosimbisa kuti kubatanidza izvi kunoshanda.” | Muyedzo weDIRECT: varwere vegomarara rezamu vakasarudzwa vachipiwa chemotherapy, vachienzanisa kudya kunotevedzera kutsanya nekudya kwamazuva ose | Kukuvadza kunobva pakurapwa uye zviyero zvemhinduro yebundu | Humbowo pamusoro pekudya kunowedzerwa pachemotherapy; bhuruu remetilini harina kuva chinhu chekuwedzera chakaedzwa |
| “Zvinhu zviviri izvi zvinoshanda pamwe zvichipa mhedzisiro inodarika yadzo pazvinoshandiswa zvakasiyana.” | Kuenzanisa kunosanganisira kusashandisa chimwe chezviviri, kushandisa chimwe nechimwe chega, uye kushandisa zvose pamwe chete | Chiyero chimwe chete chemhedzisiro chakafanotaurwa mumapoka ose, pamwe nekuongorora kudyidzana kwazvo | Kuedza kana mhedzisiro yazvo pamwe chete ichidarika mhedzisiro inotarisirwa pazvinoshandiswa zvakasiyana; izvi hazvina kusimbiswa nezvidzidzo zviri pamusoro |
| “Harizogumisi kutsanya kwangu.” | Mushonga chaiwo wakaumbwa, zvinoumba mushonga wacho uye mitemo yekutsanya inoshanda | Huwandu hwezvinoumba mushonga kana kutevedzwa kwemitemo iyoyo | Mhinduro ine chekuita nekuumbwa kwemushonga kana tsananguro yekutsanya; hapana kuyerwa kweautophagy |
Kuenzanisa uku kubatanidzwa kwekutanga kwezvidzidzo zvinokurukurwa pano. Mitsara yako miviri yekupedzisira inotsanangura humbowo hunodiwa nechirevo, kwete kushuma miyedzo yakapedzwa.
Kumutswa kweAMPK hakusi mhedzisiro yekutsanya
Chimwe chinyorwa chinowanzotaurwa, chidzidzo chaAtamna nevamwe cha2015 chenzira dzesimba nedzekuzvidzivirira kwemasero, chakashandisa masero evanhu efibroblast akarimwa kunze kwemuviri. Chakashuma shanduko yenguva pfupi pakuwedzerwa kwephosphate kuAMPK, shanduko pakushanda kwecomplex-IV yemitochondria, uye kuderera kwekupfupika kwetelomere mumasero akarimwa akapiwa mushonga. Izvi zviyero zvemasero. Shoko rekuti “vanhu” rinotsanangura kwakabva masero, kwete vanhu vakapinzwa mumuyedzo wekutsanya.
Nzira inonzwa mamiriro esimba inogona kupindura zvinhu zvinopfuura chimwe zvinoimutsa. Kuona mhinduro iyoyo hakuiti kuti zvinhu zvinoimutsa zvikwanise kutsivana. Humbowo hwekuti bhuruu remetilini rinoshandura AMPK uye humbowo hwekuti kuderedza kudya kunochinja mashandisirwo ezvinhu mumuviri hazviratidzi kuti kuzvibatanidza kunobatsira, kunowedzera mhedzisiro, kana kuti kunopa mhedzisiro inodarika yadzo pazvinoshandiswa zvakasiyana. Zvinotaurwa pamusoro peurefu hweupenyu zvinodawo zviyero zvazvo zvemhedzisiro, sezvinotsanangurwa muhumbowo pamusoro pebhuruu remetilini neurefu hweupenyu.
Autophagy pachayo inzira inotumirwa zvinhu zvemusero kuma lysosome kuti zviputswe uye zvishandiswezve. Kushanda kwayo hakugoni kungotsanangurwa neruzivo rwemacalorie rwuri papaketi rechinhu chinowedzerwa pakudya. Nhungamiro dzekuyedza autophagy dzinosiyanisa huwandu hwezvimiro zveautophagy nekuyerera kwezvinhu muautophagy, kufamba kwezvinhu munzira yacho yose. Zvimiro zvakawanda zvinogona kuratidza kuwedzera kwekuumbwa kwazvo kana kunonoka kubviswa kwazvo. Chiratidzo chimwe chete hachigoni kusiyanisa izvi.
Tsananguro yedu yemiyedzo yebhuruu remetilini, AMPK neautophagy inoongorora zviyero izvozvo zvakadzama.
Bhuruu remetilini rinogumisa kutsanya here?
Hapana mhinduro yekuti hongu kana kwete isingatarisi kuumbwa kwemushonga. “Bhuruu remetilini” izita rechinhu chinoshanda, kwete rondedzero yakazara yezvinoumba mushonga kana ongororo yezvinovaka muviri zvirimo.
- Patsananguro yakasimba yekunwa mvura chete, mushonga une bhuruu remetilini chinhu chinowedzerwa kumvura. Kuuti hauna macalorie hakuuiti mvura yakachena isina zvimwe.
- Pamutemo unobva pamacalorie, ongorora kuumbwa chaiko kwemushonga. Shuga, sirapu, mafuta, kana zvimwe zvinotakura mushonga zvine simba zvinofanira kutariswa zvichienderana nehuwandu hwazvo chaihwo. Usafungidzira huwandu hwemacalorie kubva paruvara, chikamu checoncentration muzana, kana zita rechinhu chinoshanda chete.
- Pa“kutsanya kweautophagy,” kusavapo kweshuga yakawedzerwa kana huwandu hushoma hwemacalorie hunotaurwa hazvisimbisi zvinoitika pakuyerera kwezvinhu muautophagy munyama dzemuviri wemunhu.
- Pakuongororwa kwekurapa, tevera mirayiridzo yebasa rinoita ongororo yacho. Nhungamiro yeMedlinePlus pamusoro pekutsanya pakuongororwa ropa inoparadzanisa zvakajeka kunwa mvura yakachena isina zvimwe nezvisarudzo pamusoro pemishonga uye inopa zano rekusarega mishonga pasina kurairwa nemupi wezveutano.
Chirevo pamusoro pekutorwa kwemushonga mumuviri chinoda muyedzo wakasiyana: mushonga une kuumbwa kumwe chete uchienzaniswa mumamiriro akatsanangurwa ekunge munhu adya kana atsanya, huwandu huri muropa huchiyerwa nekufamba kwenguva. Kunzwa mhedzisiro nekukurumidza hakusimbisi kuti mushonga watorwa mumuviri zvakanyanya. Ona kutorwa nekuparadzirwa kwebhuruu remetilini mumuviri kuti uwane humbowo hunoenderana nenzira imwe neimwe yekuriisa mumuviri. Zvidzidzo zvemasero zviri pamusoro hazvisimbisi mutemo wekuri tora pamwe nekudya.
Kutsanya pamwe nebhuruu remetilini hazvigoni kutsiva kurapwa kwegomarara
Mishumo yekurwadziwa kushoma pakutsanya haigoni kusimbisa kuderera kwebundu kana kurarama kwenguva refu. Kana zvinhu zvakawanda, shanduko pakudya, uye mishonga yekurwadziwa zvichichinjwa pamwe chete, nyaya yemunhu pachake haigoni kuratidza kuti ndechipi chakakonzera kuvandudzika.
Pane tsvakurudzo chaiyo pamusoro peshanduko pakudya panguva yekuchengetwa kwevarwere vegomarara. Muyedzo weDIRECT wechikamu 2 wakagovera varwere mumapoka zvisina kusarudzwa wakadzidza kudya kunotevedzera kutsanya pamwe nechemotherapy inopiwa kuvhiyiwa kusati kwaitwa muvarwere vegomarara rezamu rechikamu II/III risina HER2. Hauna kuwana musiyano mukukuvadza kwekurapwa pakati pemapoka uye wakashuma kumwe kuongororwa kwemhinduro kwakanga kwakanaka. Zvakawanikwa izvi zvaiva pamusoro peboka revarwere rakasarudzwa uye kudya kwakawedzerwa pakurapwa. Hazvina kuyedza bhuruu remetilini, kuratidza kushanda kwekutsanya uchinwa mvura chete, kana kusimbisa chinhu chinotsiva chemotherapy.
Usanonotsa kana kutsiva kurapwa kwegomarara kwawakarayirwa nekubatanidza izvi. Kumunhu ari kuderera uremu kana ari kunetseka kudya, kuwedzera kuderedza kudya kunogona kupesana nezvinodiwa pakurapwa. Nhungamiro yeNational Cancer Institute pamusoro pezvinovaka muviri inotsanangura nei macalorie nemapuroteni zvakakwana, kuongororwa kwemamiriro ezvinovaka muviri, uye rubatsiro rwunoenderana nemunhu zvichikosha panguva yekurapwa kwegomarara.
Bhuruu remetilini rinewo njodzi dzemushonga dzisinganei nekutsanya. Ruzivo rwekurayira PROVAYBLUE runoyambira nezveserotonin syndrome kana richishandiswa nemishonga inokanganisa serotonin uye maopioid, uye runorambidza kushandiswa kwaro kana paine kushomeka kweG6PD. Ruzivo irworwo rwechigadzirwa chinobaiwa harupi chisimbiso kumushonga unonwiwa nevatengi kana chirongwa chekutsanya. Huya nechigadzirwa chaicho nerondedzero yemishonga kuchikwata chinokurapa usati wafunga kurishandisa.
Paunenge uchiongorora chirevo chitsva, zivisa muenzaniso wakashandiswa, zvakaitwa, zvakashandiswa pakuenzanisa, uye chiyero chemhedzisiro uchishandisa gwaro rekuverenga tsvakurudzo yebhuruu remetilini. Chirevo pamusoro pevanhu vanotsanya chinoda humbowo hunobva kuvanhu vanotsanya, uye chirevo pamusoro pekubatanidza zvinhu chinoda humbowo hunoyedza kubatanidzwa kwacho chaizvo.