Ese ubururu bwa metilene bwongera testosteroni? Isuzuma ry'ibimenyetso

Ntabwo byemejwe ko ubururu bwa metilene ari umuti cyangwa ikintu cyongera testosteroni mu bagabo. Mu bushakashatsi bwakozwe mu gutegura iyi nyandiko, nta gerageza ku bantu ririmo itsinda ryo kugereranya ryabonetse ryerekana ko ubururu bwa metilene bufashwe mu kanwa bwongera testosteroni mu bagabo bazima cyangwa buvura ibura rya testosteroni. Ibimenyetso bifitanye isano n'iki kibazo birimo ubushakashatsi ku nyamaswa zangijwe mu buryo bw'igerageza, igerageza ku mvubura ya hipofize y'imbeba, icyagaragaye kuri porolakitini mu bushakashatsi bw'ibanze ku bantu, no gushyira ubururu bwa metilene mu ntanga ngabo z'abantu hanze y'umubiri.

Ubwo bushakashatsi bukwiye kwitabwaho, ariko ibisubizo byabwo ntibishobora guhurizwa mu mvugo rusange ivuga ko ubururu bwa metilene bwongera testosteroni, bugabanya esitorojeni na porolakitini, kandi bukongera ubushobozi bwo kubyara. Buri kivugwa gikeneye igipimo cyacyo cyihariye.

Ni iki gifatwa nk'ikimenyetso cy'uko testosteroni yiyongereye?

Ubushakashatsi ku bantu bufite akamaro bwagaragaza ababwitabiriye, imiterere y'umuti wakoreshejwe, uburyo winjijwe mu mubiri, icyakoreshejwe mu kugereranya, igihe bwamaze n'uburyo bwo gupima umusemburo. Bwatandukanya testosteroni yose na testosteroni itaboshye kuri poroteyine, bukanapima niba impinduka iyo ari yo yose yarakomeje. Ibimenyetso umuntu agaragaza, ubwiza bw'intanga ngabo n'ingaruka mbi byakenera gusuzumwa ukwabyo.

Kumva urushijeho kuba maso si igipimo cya testosteroni. Kugenda neza kurushaho kw'intanga ngabo na byo si igipimo cya testosteroni. Amabya arimo uturemangingo twa Leydig dukora testosteroni, turi hagati y'udutembo intanga ngabo zikuriramo. Iyo mirimo irakorana, ariko icyagaragaye kuri umwe nticyemeza ibijyanye n'undi. Isuzuma ryagutse ry'inyungu z'ubururu bwa metilene mu bushakashatsi ku bantu rireba ibivugwa ku buzima muri rusange, harimo n'ibireba abagabo.

Imbonerahamwe y'ibimenyetso ku bivugwa kuri testosteroni

Iyi mbonerahamwe itandukanya ibyagaragaye n'ibikenewe kugira ngo icyivugwa ku bicuruzwa kigenewe abaguzi cyemezwe. Ingano zakoreshejwe mu igerageza zisobanura ubushakashatsi, si amabwiriza yo gukoresha ku bantu.

Ikivugwa cyangwa ikibazo	Abakoreweho ubushakashatsi n'imiterere y'igerageza	Uburyo bwakoreshejwe n'ingano yatanzwe	Icyapimwe n'icyagaragaye	Icyo ibimenyetso bishyigikira
Bwongera testosteroni nyuma y'iyangirika ry'amabya	Imbeba 35 z'ingabo zo mu bwoko bwa Wistar mu matsinda atanu, harimo izangijwe na cisplatin	Inshinge mu mwanya wo mu nda; ubururu bwa metilene 2 cyangwa 4 mg/kg mu gihe cy'iminsi irindwi	Byatangajwe ko testosteroni mu gice cy'amaraso cya serumu n'ibipimo by'intanga ngabo byari hejuru ku zahawe ubururu bwa metilene kurusha ku zahawe cisplatin yonyine	Ikimenyetso cy'ingaruka zo kurinda mu igerageza ry'iyangirika riterwa n'umuti wa kanseri; nta kwiyongera kwemejwe mu bagabo bazima
Buri gihe bugirira amabya akamaro	Imbeba 30 zikuze mu bushakashatsi bwo gutera inshinge ahantu hihariye	Gutera inshinge mu nyama z'amabya cyangwa hagati y'ibizigubika; isuzuma nyuma y'ibyumweru bibiri	Gutera inshinge imbere mu nyama byagabanyije testosteroni muri serumu n'ubwinshi bw'intanga ngabo muri epididime; itsinda ryatewe hagati y'ibizigubika ntiryagaragaje impinduka zigaragara muri ibyo bipimo	Ahantu haterwa umuti harafite akamaro; ntibishobora gufatwa ko hari inyungu rusange ku misemburo
Bugabanya porolakitini	Imbeba z'ingabo zahawe estradiol benzoate, hamwe n'amatsinda yo kugereranya	Ubururu bwa metilene ku kigero cya 0.5% mu biryo mu gihe cy'ibyumweru bitatu	Bwagabanyije izamuka rya porolakitini mu maraso ryari rifitanye isano na esitiradiyoli; ubururu bwa metilene bwonyine ntibwagabanyije porolakitini mu maraso	Igisubizo cyagaragaye mu buryo bw'imikorere y'imisemburo bwari bwahinduwe ku bushake mu igerageza
Buhindura porolakitini mu bantu	Abarwayi icumi bafite ububabare buturuka ku mitsi y'imyakura butitabira ubuvuzi, abagabo umunani n'abagore babiri	Gushyirwa mu mutsi w'amaraso mu gihe cy'iminota 60; 2 mg/kg ugereranyije na 0.02 mg/kg	Igipimo kigereranya cya porolakitini cyaragabanutse nyuma y'ingano zombi; hatangajwe itandukaniro hagati y'uburyo bwombi	Icyagaragaye ku kimenyetso cyo mu mubiri mu bushakashatsi bw'ibanze ku barwayi bafite ububabare, si ubuvuzi bwemejwe bwa porolakitini nyinshi
Bwongera ubushobozi bw'abagabo bwo kubyara	Amasohoro yafashwe ku bagabo 20 bazima	Kuvanga mu buryo butaziguye n'imvange z'amarangi akoreshwa mu kubaga, harimo n'izagabanyijwemo ub浓nyi, hanze y'umubiri	Ubushobozi bw'intanga ngabo bwo kugenda bwahise bugabanuka cyane nyuma yo guhura n'ubururu bwa metilene	Icyagaragaye muri laboratwari ku ntanga ngabo zashyizwemo umuti, si igerageza ry'ubushobozi bwo kubyara hakoreshejwe umuti ufashwe mu kanwa cyangwa igipimo cya testosteroni
Bugabanya esitorojeni cyangwa buhindura DHT mu bagabo	Nta gerageza ku bantu ririmo itsinda ryo kugereranya kandi ripima imisemburo ryabonetse muri iri shakisha	Nta buryo bwo gufata umuti mu kanwa bwemejwe kuri ibi bipimo	Nta cyemezo cyo mu buvuzi cyabonetse kigaragaza niba habaho kwiyongera cyangwa kugabanuka, cyangwa ingano y'izo ngaruka	Hakenewe ibimenyetso byihariye kuri esitiradiyoli na dihidrotestosteroni
Bwongera testosteroni binyuze mu kubuza anzime gukora	Igerageza ryo muri laboratwari ku mikoranire y'imiti riri mu makuru agenewe abandika umuti	Igerageza hanze y'umubiri; testosteroni yakoreshejwe nk'ikintu anzime CYP3A4/5 ikoreraho	Hagaragaye kubuzwa gukora kwa anzime	Igerageza ry'imikorere y'ihinduranywa ry'ibintu mu mubiri, si igisubizo cya testosteroni mu buvuzi

Ubushakashatsi buri inyuma y'iyi mirongo busuzumwa hepfo. Ububiko bw'ubushakashatsi ku bururu bwa metilene butondeka ibimenyetso hakurikijwe abakoreweho ubushakashatsi n'imiterere y'igerageza.

Icyo igerageza rya cisplatin rigaragaza koko

Mu bushakashatsi bwa Gholami Jourabi na bagenzi be ku mbeba, bwatangajwe kuri interineti mu 2020 no muri Andrologia mu 2021, cisplatin yagabanyije testosteroni muri serumu n'ibipimo by'intanga ngabo. Abanditsi batangaje ko habayeho kunozwa kw'ibipimo hakoreshejwe ubururu bwa metilene ugereranyije n'itsinda rya cisplatin, hamwe n'ibyagaragaye mu isuzuma ry'inyama byari bihuye no kugabanuka kw'iyangirika.

Igereranya ry'ingenzi ni irikorwa n'inyamaswa zangijwe n'imiti. Igipimo kiri hejuru y'icy'inyamaswa zangijwe zo mu itsinda ryo kugereranya si ikimenyetso cy'uko ubuvuzi buzamura igipimo gisanzwe cy'inyamaswa nzima. Ubushakashatsi bwari burimo n'itsinda ryahawe ubururu bwa metilene bwonyine, ariko igereranya rya testosteroni riri mu ncamake y'ubushakashatsi rishingiye ku itsinda rya cisplatin, si ku kwiyongera kwemejwe kurenze igipimo cy'inyamaswa nzima zitahawe umuti. Iri gerageza rigufi ry'inshinge ntiryemeza uburyo bwo gufata umuti mu kanwa ku bagabo cyangwa uburyo bwo kurinda ubushobozi bwo kubyara mu gihe cy'ubuvuzi bwa kanseri.

Hari n'ibimenyetso bigaragaza ibitandukanye mu bindi bihe. Mu igerageza rya Mazroa na bagenzi be ryo mu 2016 ryo gutera inshinge ahantu hihariye, gutera ubururu bwa metilene mu nyama z'amabya y'imbeba byateye iyangirika ryagutse ry'imiterere yazo no kugabanuka kwa testosteroni muri serumu. Gutera hagati y'ibizigubika byateye iyangirika rito kurushaho kandi ryagarukiye hafi y'ahatewe. Ibi ntibihanura ingaruka zo gufata umuti mu kanwa, ariko bituma bidashoboka kuvuga ko urinda amabya mu bihe byose.

Porolakitini, esitorojeni na DHT ni ibibazo bitandukanye

Icyagaragaye kuri porolakitini gikunze kuvugwa gituruka ku mikorere y'imisemburo yari yahinduwe ku bushake. Mu igerageza rya Schreiber na bagenzi be ryo mu 1993, imbeba z'ingabo zahawe inshinge za estradiol benzoate, ubururu bwa metilene mu biryo, byombi, cyangwa nta na kimwe. Gukoresha byombi byagabanyije izamuka rya porolakitini mu maraso ryari rifitanye isano na esitiradiyoli. Ubururu bwa metilene bwonyine ntibwahinduye porolakitini mu maraso.

Itandukaniro hagati y'amaraso n'inyama z'umubiri na ryo ni ingenzi: ubuvuzi ntibwabujije kwiyongera kwa porolakitini yari mu gice cy'imbere cy'imvubura ya hipofize. Bityo, ubushakashatsi ntibugaragaza igabanuka ryoroheje kandi rimwe rya porolakitini mu mubiri wose.

Ubushakashatsi bwo mu 2015 ku barwayi icumi bafite ububabare buturuka ku mitsi y'imyakura, bashyizwe mu matsinda ku buryo bwa tombola kandi haba bo cyangwa ababakurikirana batari bazi itsinda barimo butanga ikimenyetso gifite aho kigarukira ku bantu. Igipimo nyamukuru cyabwo cyari ububabare. Abashakashatsi bapimye na poroteyine mbere na nyuma yo gutanga ubururu bwa metilene mu mutsi w'amaraso, bagereranya ingano ebyiri zatanzwe. Porolakitini yagabanutse nyuma ya zombi, ariko habaho itandukaniro hagati y'uburyo bwombi. Isuzuma ryatanze ibipimo bigereranya bya poroteyine, aho gutanga ibipimo nyakuri by'imisemburo bikoreshwa mu buvuzi. Iki cyagaragaye mu bushakashatsi bw'ibanze nticyemeza igabanuka rirambye rya porolakitini, kuvura porolakitini irenze urugero, cyangwa inyungu kuri testosteroni.

Kugabanya igisubizo cy'umubiri kuri esitiradiyoli yatanzwe na byo ntibihamya ko ubururu bwa metilene bugabanya esitorojeni mu maraso cyangwa bubuza anzime aromatase gukora mu bagabo. DHT, cyangwa dihidrotestosteroni, ni undi musemburo ugomba gupimwa ukwawo. Icyagaragaye kuri testosteroni ntigishobora gusimbura igisubizo kibura kuri DHT. Ibivugwa kuri umwe muri iyo misemburo bikeneye ibipimo bitaziguye mu buryo bwo gukoresha umuti buteganywa.

Ibimenyetso ku ntanga ngabo z'abantu si igerageza ku misemburo

Mu igerageza rya Sheynkin na bagenzi be ryo mu 1999 ku ntanga ngabo z'abantu, abashakashatsi bavanze uduce tw'amasohoro n'ibintu bikoreshwa mu kubaga ingingo z'imyororokere. Ubururu bwa metilene bwateye igabanuka rikomeye kandi ryihuse ry'ubushobozi bw'intanga ngabo bwo kugenda, no mu mvange zari zagabanyijwemo ubwinshi bw'umuti zapimwe. Umuti wa Ringer urimo lakitate ntiwagize ingaruka ku bushobozi bwo kugenda.

Ibi ni ibimenyetso byo muri laboratwari bishingiye ku byakuwe mu bantu. Abitabiriye ntibafashe ubururu bwa metilene mu kanwa, kandi abashakashatsi ntibapimye testosteroni mu maraso yabo, inda zasamwe cyangwa abana bavutse ari bazima. Icyagaragaye ntigishobora kwemeza inyungu cyangwa ibyago ku bushobozi bwo kubyara by'ubundi buryo bwo gutanga umuti ukagera mu mubiri wose. Ariko kigaragaza impamvu “bwakoreweho ubushakashatsi ku ntanga ngabo z'abantu” bitagomba na rimwe guhindurwa ngo “bwongera ubushobozi bw'abagabo bwo kubyara.”

Kuvugwa kwa testosteroni gushobora gusobanura ikindi kintu rwose

Amakuru ya ProvayBlue agenewe abandika umuti asobanura ko hashobora kubaho kubuzwa gukora kwa CYP3A4/5 guterwa n'igihe mu igerageza hanze y'umubiri, hakoreshejwe testosteroni nk'ikintu iyo anzime ikoreraho. Aha, testosteroni ni ikintu cyakoreshejwe mu gupima imikorere ya anzime. Kuba ivugwa muri icyo gika ntibyemeza ko umubiri w'abarwayi ukora imisemburo myinshi kurushaho cyangwa ko ibipimo byayo mu maraso byiyongera.

Mu buryo nk'ubwo, ibisobanuro by'imikorere y'ingufu mu turemangingo ntibishobora gusimbura igerageza ku misemburo. Biracyakeneye kwerekana ko uburyo buteganywa bwo gukoresha umuti buhindura igipimo bireba mu bantu bugenewe.

Niba ikibazo ari testosteroni nke

Igikorwa cy'ingirakamaro ni ukumenya niba koko hari ibura rya testosteroni n'impamvu yariteye. Amabwiriza ya Endocrine Society yo gusuzuma asaba ko habaho ibimenyetso bihuye n'iryo bura kandi ibipimo bya testosteroni bikomeza kuba hasi, hakongera gupimwa mu gitondo umuntu atararya. Isuzuma ryisumbuyeho ritandukanya impamvu zituruka ku mabya n'izituruka ku mvubura ya hipofize cyangwa kuri hipotalamusi. Igipimo kimwe gusa cyangwa impinduka mu mbaraga umuntu yumva afite ntibihagije.

Ubururu bwa metilene ntibukwiye gusimbura ubuvuzi bw'imisemburo bwanditswe na muganga cyangwa isuzuma rya porolakitini cyangwa testosteroni biri hanze y'ibipimo bisanzwe. Kuba inyungu zabwo ku misemburo zitarasobanuka ntibikuraho ibyago byabwo byemejwe: amakuru agenewe abandika umuti aburira ku ihungabana riterwa na serotonini nyinshi igihe ukoreshwa hamwe n'imiti ikora kuri serotonini, kandi abuza kuwukoresha ku bafite ibura rya G6PD kubera ibyago byo gusenyuka kw'uturemangingo dutukura tw'amaraso. Amabwiriza ku mutekano w'ubururu bwa metilene asobanura ibyo byago mu mwanya wabyo.

Ku kintu cyose kivugwa kuri testosteroni, baza icyapimwe, abo cyapimiwemo, uburyo bwakoreshejwe n'icyakoreshejwe mu kugereranya. Kugeza ubu, ibisubizo by'ibyo bibazo biganisha ku byagaragaye mu igerageza, si ku ngaruka zemejwe zo kongera testosteroni mu bagabo.