Tuhinga
Te whakamahinga o te methylene blue ia rā, mō te wā roa hoki: he aha kua rangahautia?
Kāore ngā rangahau e whakaū ana i tētahi tikanga whānui mō te whakamahi methylene blue ia rā e ngā pakeke hauora. Kua rangahautia te pānga tukurua ki te tangata, tae atu ki tētahi whakamātautau hinengaro iti e ono marama te roa. He whakamātautau roa ake anō mō tētahi hanga e whai pānga ana engari he rerekē ā-matū. Kāore tētahi o ēnei kāwai e whakaū ana he haumaru, he whaihua rānei tētahi wairewa hokohoko kāore i tautuhia mō te whakamahi mutunga kore.
Ko te pātai whaihua he tino whāiti ake i te “Kua rangahautia rānei mō te wā roa?” Arā: ko tēhea matū, mā tēhea ara tuku, ki a wai, mō te roa pēhea, ā, ko ēhea putanga i inehia?
Pānui motuhake i te wā pānga me te whaiwhai ake
Ko te wā pānga e whakaahua ana i te wā i tukuna ai te maimoatanga. Ko te whaiwhai ake e whakaahua ana i te wā i tirohia anō ai ngā kaiuru e ngā kairangahau i muri mai. Ko te whaiwhai ake e toru marama i muri i ngā rā maimoatanga e rima ehara i te mea e toru marama te roa o te tuku. Waihoki, ki te mutu tētahi rangahau i te wā e 30 marama te pakeke o ngā kiore, ehara tērā i te mea i tukuna te maimoatanga mō ngā marama 30.
E whakaatu ā-kaupapa ana te uhi i tēnei rerekētanga. He whakamārama noa ōna ira, ehara i te raraunga rangahau kua inehia. E whakaatu ana te tūtohi i raro nei i ngā roanga tūturu mai i ētahi rangahau kua tīpakohia. Ko te “Kāore he whaiwhai motuhake i pūrongotia” e tohu ana kāore te pūrongo kua tohua e whakaū ana i tētahi wā mātakitaki anō kāore he maimoatanga; ehara i te mea i aromatawaitia ngā putanga katoa pea i muri mai, ā, i kitea he noa katoa.
Tūtohi roanga-rangahau
| Rangahau me te tauira | Hanga me te ara tuku | Wā pānga | Mātakitaki, whaiwhai ake rānei | Pātai matua i inehia |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Rodriguez me ōna hoa: whakaahua roro o ngā pakeke hauora | USP methylene blue, methylthioninium chloride; mā te waha | Kotahi te tukunga | Te ine tīmatanga me te MRI tukurua i tīmata 60 meneti i muri mai | Ngā panonitanga ohorere ki te rere toto o te roro me ngā whatunga, ehara i te haumaru wā roa |
| Ibarra-Estrada me ōna hoa: 91 ngā tūroro me te septic shock | Methylene blue i roto i te saline; whaowhia ā-uaua | E toru ngā whaowhia ia rā, e ono hāora te roa o ia mea | I aromatawaitia ngā putanga haumanu tae noa ki te rā 28 | Te whakamahinga vasopressor, ngā putanga hōhipera, te matenga me ngā pānga kino |
| Zoellner me ōna hoa: 42 ngā kaiuru me te PTSD | Methylene blue; mā te waha, i te taha o te psychotherapy | Tukunga i muri i ngā wātū imaginal-exposure e rima, kotahi ia rā | Ngā aromatawai tae noa ki te whaiwhai ake e toru marama | Ngā tohu me te āhei ki te mahi i muri i tētahi wawaotanga whakakotahi poto |
| Gureev me ōna hoa: ngā kiore C57BL/6 | MB i ngā taumata pānga e rua i pūrongotia mō ia rā; kāore te ara tuku i tino whakamāramatia i ngā tikanga | E whā wiki | Te kohi tūtae ia wiki; ngā whakamātautau maze i ngā rā whakamutunga e rima; kāore he whaiwhai whakaora motuhake i pūrongotia | Te hanganga microbiome me te mahi i te maze |
| Jena rāua ko Chainy: ngā kiore uwha Wistar | Methylene blue i roto i te wai inu; mā te waha | 30 rā | Te kohi toto, ate me ngā whatukuhu i te mutunga | Ētahi inenga oxidative-stress me te serum kua tīpakohia; e rima ngā kararehe i ia rōpū |
| Alda me ōna hoa: 37 ngā kaiuru me te bipolar disorder | Ngā capsule methylene blue; mā te waha; te horopeta hohe teitei ake ki te horopeta hohe raro ake | Crossover 26-wiki: e rua ngā wā maimoatanga 12-wiki me ngā wiki titration me te crossover | Ngā toronga auau i te wā maimoatanga; i aromatawaitia te cognition i te tīmatanga, i ngā wiki 13 me 26 | Ngā tohu toenga o te āhua ngākau, te cognition me te manawanui ki te maimoatanga i te taha o te maimoatanga o nāianei |
| Poudel me ōna hoa: te pakeketanga o te kōiwi i ngā kiore | MB i roto i te wai inu mō ngā kiore uwha C57BL/6J kua pakeke; MB i roto i te kai mō ngā kiore tāne me ngā kiore uwha UM-HET3 | E ono, e 12 marama rānei i ngā uwha kua pakeke; 15 marama i ngā kiore UM-HET3, mai i te pakeke e whitu ki te 22 marama | Ngā inenga kōiwi i ngā wā mutunga kua whakaritea; kāore he whaiwhai motuhake kāore he maimoatanga | Te hanganga kōiwi e pā ana ki te pakeketanga, ehara i te aromatawai whānui o te haumaru ki te tangata |
| Gauthier me ōna hoa: 891 ngā tūroro me te mate Alzheimer | Leuco-methylthioninium bis(hydromethanesulfonate), LMTM; mā te waha | He wā maimoatanga matapōkere 15-marama | Ngā aromatawai haumanu me te haumaru i te wā o te whakamātautau | Te cognition, te mahi o ia rā me ngā pānga kino; te mana LMTM horopeta-iti |
| Auerbach me ōna hoa: ngā kiore F344/N me ngā kiore B6C3F1 | Methylene blue trihydrate i roto i te methylcellulose; oral gavage | E rua tau, e rima rā ia wiki | Te aroturuki oranga me te pathology kiko tae noa ki te whakamutunga o te rangahau | Te paitini mauroa me te carcinogenicity |
Ehara ēnei rarangi i ngā tūtohutanga horopeta ka taea te whakawhitiwhiti. Mā te oral gavage ka tukuna tōtika te matū ki roto i te puku; mā te wai inu me te kai ka rerekē ngā tauira o te kai matū. Ka hipa te whaowhia ā-uaua i te mimiti mā te whēkau. Kāore e taea e te roa o te pānga te whakakore i aua rerekētanga.
He aha tā te whakamahinga tukurua ki te tangata e whakaatu ana
He nui ake te hāngai o ngā mōhiohio mai i te whakamātautau bipolar mō te whakamahi methylene blue mā te waha, tukurua hoki, i tētahi scan roro kotahi. Heoi, 27 noa iho o ngā kaiuru 37 i whakaoti i te whakamātautau. He bipolar disorder ō ngā kaiuru, kua whiwhi kē rātou i te lamotrigine, ā, i aroturukihia rātou i te wā maimoatanga. I whakamahia e te whakataurite tētahi horopeta methylene blue raro ake, kaua ko tētahi placebo kore hohe. Kāore tēnei hoahoa e āhei ki te whakaū i te haumaru o te whakamahinga tonutanga i ngā tāngata hauora, ki te whakakore pono rānei i ngā pānga kino onge.
Me wehe anō tētahi āhuatanga mō te whakamātautau Alzheimer. Ko LMTM he hanga methylthioninium whakaheke kua whakapūmautia, he rerekē ōna counterion, ehara i te wairewa methylene blue chloride noa. Kaua tōna roanga 15-marama e whakaaturia hei 15 marama o te whakamātau i tētahi hua methylene blue mā te kiritaki. Kāore te tātaritanga matua i whakaritea i mua i whakaatu painga i ngā horopeta teitei ake ina whakaritea ki te mana horopeta-iti. I pūrongotia ngā pānga kino ki te pūnaha gastrointestinal me te pūnaha urinary, me ngā hekenga o te hemoglobin. Nā te roa ake o te mātakitaki i hua ai he mōhiohio haumaru; kāore i whakaū i te korenga o te mōrea.
He aha tā ngā rangahau kararehe e tāpiri ana
Ka taea e ngā rangahau kararehe te tirotiro kiko me ngā pānga tukurua e uaua ana te rangahau ki te tangata. E whakaatu hoki ana ēnei he aha te take kāore tētahi hua pai i runga i te inenga kotahi e rawaka.
I te whakamātautau kiore 30-rā, i piki te lipid peroxidation o te ate, engari i heke te inenga o te whatukuhu. Kāore ētahi inenga antioxidant i panoni. Ki te kīia te rangahau katoa he “antioxidant protection”, ka huna te rerekētanga motuhake ki ia whēkau. I te whakamātautau kiore e whā wiki, nā te pānga teitei ake i nui ake ai ngā panonitanga microbiome. Kāore te rangahau i whakaū mēnā i mau tonu aua panonitanga i muri i te whakamutu.
Kāore hoki te pānga roa ake i whakaputa aunoa i te painga i whāia. Kāore ngā whakamātautau pakeketanga-kōiwi i aukati i te ngaronga kōiwi e pā ana ki te pakeketanga. Ko te hāngaitanga ki ngā kerēme mō te oranga roa e whakawhirinaki ana ki te endpoint: he pātai motuhake te āhua o te kōiwi, te oranga, me te roanga o te oranga tangata.
I tautuhia e te rangahau mauroa a te National Toxicology Program te carcinogenic activity me ngā taumata taunakitanga rerekē i waenga i te ira me te momo. I pūrongo hoki te pepa e rua tau e hāngai ana i te anemia i ētahi rōpū i pāngia. Kāore ēnei kitenga e whakarato i tētahi mōrea mate pukupuku ā-tau mō tētahi tikanga hokohoko mā te tangata. Engari e whakakore ana ēnei i te whakaaro ko ngā tau e rua o te tuku ki ngā kararehe he taunakitanga whakamarie kāore he raruraru. Ka tirohia motuhaketia aua kitenga i te whakamāramatanga o ngā taunakitanga carcinogenicity.
Te waranga, te withdrawal, te manawanui me te cycling
He rerekē ngā pātai e whakaahuatia ana e ēnei kupu.
- Te waranga ko te ngoikore o te whakahaere me te whakamahi tonu ahakoa he kino. Kāore ngā rangahau i runga ake nei e whakaū ana i tētahi syndrome waranga methylene blue. Kāore hoki i hoahoatia hei whakaū kāore he tūponotanga dependence i ngā kaiwhakamahi wā roa kāore i raro i te tirotiro.
- Te withdrawal ko tētahi syndrome ka puta anō i runga i te āhua ōrite i muri i te whakaiti, te whakamutu rānei i tētahi matū. Kāore au i kite i ngā taunakitanga whakamātautau whakahaere e tautuhi ana i tētahi syndrome withdrawal motuhake mō te methylene blue. Ko te ngenge, te māharahara, te ngoikore rānei o te aro i muri i te whakamutu he pūrongo hei tirotiro, engari kāore tērā anake e rawaka hei tautuhi withdrawal. Ka whakararu te hokinga mai o tētahi raruraru taketake, ētahi atu matū, me ngā panonitanga moe i te whakamāoritanga.
- Te manawanui ko te hekenga o te urupare ki taua pānga anō i te roanga o te wā. Ko te memeha o tētahi “boost” e rangona ana e te tangata kāore e tautuhi i tōna pūtake, kāore hoki e whakaatu he tika te horopeta nui ake. Me whai ngā whakamātautau i ngā putanga paerewa tukurua me ngā inenga pānga hei whakamātau i taua kerēme.
- Te cycling ko ngā wā kua whakamaheretia mō te whakamahi me te kore whakamahi i te matū. Kāore ngā taunakitanga kua tohua e whakamana i tētahi hōtaka hei aukati i te manawanui, te dependence, te kino putu rānei. Ko tētahi tikanga toxicology kararehe e rima-rā-ia-wiki he hōtaka whakamātautau, ehara i te tūtohutanga cycling mā te tangata.
Ka taea hoki e ngā hua rapu te rangirua te matū e rangahautia ana me te matū e whakatupu ana i te dependence. Hei tauira, i whakamahia te methylene blue i roto i tētahi tauira pūtau kua pāngia e ngā opioid i tētahi whakamātautau mō te opioid tolerance me te withdrawal. Ehara tērā i te rangahau mō te withdrawal mai i te methylene blue.
Ngā pātai kāore anō kia whakatauria
Mō ngā pakeke hauora e whakamahi tukurua ana i te methylene blue, kāore ngā rangahau kua tohua e whakaū ana i tētahi roanga e mau tonu ai te painga, i tētahi wā pai rawa hei whakamutu, i tētahi hōtaka cycling kua whakamanahia, i ngā auau pono rānei o ngā pānga kino tōmuri. Kāore hoki e whakaū mēnā ka matapae tētahi hua taiwhanga wā-poto noa i te haumaru i ngā tau e whai ake nei.
He hononga tō te mōrea putu me te whakaeminga o te rongoā, engari he mea motuhake ēnei. Ka whai tikanga tonu te pānga tukurua ahakoa kāore te rongoā e whakaemi mutunga kore, ā, ka taea e tētahi rongoā hou e pāhekoheko ana te whakarerekē i te mōrea i muri i tētahi wā kāore he raruraru. E tuhi ana te tapanga intravenous PROVAYBLUE o nāianei i ngā pāhekoheko serotonergic taumaha, te mōrea hemolytic anemia, me te pānga teitei ake ina ngoikore te mahi o ngā whatukuhu. Kāore taua tapanga e whakamana i te whakamahi mā te waha mō te wā mutunga kore.
Mō tētahi whakatau takitahi, ko ngā mōhiohio whaihua ko te hanga tika, te ara tuku, te nui, te auau, te rā tīmata, ētahi atu rongoā, me ngā tohu katoa. Tirohia te roa e noho ai te methylene blue ki roto i te tinana me ōna pānga taha me ngā contraindication. Ko te hītori o te manawanui ki taua matū he taunakitanga mō taua pānga o mua, ehara i te kī taurangi mō te pānga e whai ake nei.