Tuhinga
Te kahurangi metilīni i te mahi niho: te whakapoke tae me te rangahau hihiko ā-mārama

He maha ngā mahi motuhake a te kahurangi metilīni i te mahi niho me te rangahau. Ka whakakaha pea i te rerekētanga tae ina tirohia e te tākuta niho tētahi kapiti e whakapaetia ana. I te maimoatanga hihiko ā-mārama hei patu moroiti, ka mahi hei matū tairongo ki te mārama, ka whakamahia me te whakamārama kua āta whakahaerehia. Ka rangahaua hoki e ngā kairangahau taiwhanga ōna pānga ki ngā pūtau niho. He rerekē ngā pātai e whakautua ana e ēnei whakamahinga, ā, kāore tētahi e āhei ki te whakamana i tētahi atu.
He mea nui taua wehewehenga ina arahina tētahi rapunga mō te “whakamahi kahurangi metilīni ki ngā niho” mai i tētahi whakaahua karurahi ki tētahi tūtohutanga mō te pani niho. He kitenga te rārangi kahurangi e kitea ana. He putanga maimoatanga te hekenga o ngā huakita i roto i ngā tauira kua kohia. Kāore tētahi o ēnei e whakaū ana mā te paraihe ki te waikano e ārai ngā kōhao niho, e whakaora rānei tētahi niho kua tūkinotia.
Whakaōritea te whakamahinga ki tōna horopaki
Ka wehe tēnei ripanga whakamahinga i te matū e whakamahia ana, te pātai e uia ana, me te whakatau ka taea te tautoko e ngā taunakitanga. Ko ngā hanganga matū o ngā rangahau he tohu tautuhi, ehara i te tohutohu whakarite.
| Whakamahinga | Hanganga matū me te horopaki | He aha ka taea te whakaū | He aha kāore e taea te whakaū |
|---|---|---|---|
| Te whakakite i tētahi kapiti e whakapaetia ana | He wairewa whakapoke tae kua kōwhiria e te mātanga haumanu; he tirohanga niho mā te whakanui whakaahua | He kaha ake te rerekētanga tae i te taha o tētahi āhuatanga e taea ana te tirotiro | Te hōhonutanga katoa o te kapiti, te āhua o te kiko o roto o te niho, mēnā rānei me unu te niho |
| Te maimoatanga hihiko ā-mārama i te ngongo pakiaka | He matū tairongo ki te mārama me te tuku mārama e hāngai pū ana ki te rangahau, i roto i tētahi ngongo kua maimoatia e te ngaio | Ngā panonitanga o ngā moroiti i ngā tauira kua kohia, o ētahi atu putanga kua tautuhia i mua rānei | Te whakakore rawa i ngā moroiti katoa, te ora roa rānei o te niho, mā ngā tatauranga huakita anake |
| Te maimoatanga hihiko ā-mārama mō ngā kiko tautoko niho | He wairewa waikano ā-rohe me te whakamārama kua tautuhia, e rangahaua whānuitia ana i te taha o te maimoatanga ā-taputapu | Ngā pānga tāpiri ina whakatauritea ki tētahi rōpū whakahaere e tika ana | He whakakapi mō te tango i te paparanga huakita me te tātaratara niho |
| Te rangahau pūtau niho | He wai whakatipu pūtau kua tautuhia me ngā pānga whakamātautau i te taiwhanga | Ngā urupare pūtau i raro i aua āhuatanga whakamātautau | He painga nō te pani waikano ki ngā niho o tētahi tūroro |
| Te pani niho kahurangi metilīni hanga ā-kāinga | He ranunga kāore i whakaritea ki tētahi paerewa, me te pānga tukurua ki te waha | Kāore he whakatau mō te whaihuatanga e puta mai ana i ngā whakamahinga o runga | He ārai kōhao niho kua whakamanatia, he maimoatanga mate pae niho, he tikanga haumaru rānei mō te kāinga |
Ka taea e te kahurangi metilīni te whakakite i tētahi niho kapiti?
Ka āwhina pea i te mātanga haumanu kia kite i tētahi rārangi e whakapaetia ana. E whakamārama ana te Rōpū Mātanga Kiko-roto-niho o Amerika i te whakapoke tae ki te kahurangi metilīni i te taha o te whakanui whakaahua, te tuku mārama mā roto i te niho, te whakamātautau ngau, me te ine ā-toro i ngā kiko tautoko niho hei aromatawai i te niho kapiti. He wāhanga kotahi te whakapoke tae o taua tirohanga. Ka whakanuia e taua tuhinga ngaio te hiranga o te aromatawai i te toro o te kapiti, ā, ka kī hoki kāore tētahi tirohanga paerewa kotahi e matapae takitahi i te putanga wā roa.
Ka whakanuia e te karurahi te wāhanga ka taea te kite; kāore e whakakitea ngā mata huna katoa. Nō reira, me whakamārama te rārangi kua whakapokea ki te tae i runga i te hanganga o te niho me ētahi atu kitenga. Kāore e taea e taua rārangi anake te whakaatu mēnā kei te hauora te kiko o roto o te niho, te tautuhi i ngā pūtake katoa o te mamae, te whakaū rānei kua kore e taea te whakatika i te niho.
He mea nui hoki te wehewehe i ngā momo kapiti. Ka wehewehea e te aratohu a te AAE mō ngā tūroro whai niho kapiti ngā rārangi kapiti pāpaku o te kiri mārō o te niho i ngā kōmata niho kua whati, ngā niho kapiti, ngā niho kua wāhia, me ngā whatinga poutū o ngā pakiaka. Ka whakawhirinaki te maimoatanga ki te momo, te wāhi, me te whānuitanga. Kāore te kitenga o tētahi rārangi e rite ki te kitenga o tētahi niho kua wāhia.
Ki te tūtohu te tākuta niho kia unuhia te niho i muri i te whakapoke tae, he pātai whaihua ēnei: “He aha te momo kapiti kei reira?”, “Ko ēhea kitenga e whakaatu ana i tōna whānuitanga?”, me “He pēhea te pānga o aua kitenga ki te āhei ki te whakatika i te niho?” E tono ana ēnei pātai i te pūtake o te tūtohutanga. Ehara te rārangi pōuri ake anake i taua pūtake.
He aha i whai tikanga tonu ai ētahi atu whakamātautau niho
He tika tonu kia whakaaro te tūroro he aha i hiahiatia ai ētahi atu whakamātautau i muri i tētahi matawai, tirohanga karurahi rānei. He rerekē ngā wāhanga o te raruraru e tirohia ana e ngā whakamātautau rerekē. Kei roto i te anga tātaritanga a te AAE mō ngā niho kapiti me ngā niho whati te aromatawai i te kiko o roto o te niho, ngā kitenga mō ngā kiko tautoko niho, te tirohanga ā-kanohi, me te hanga whakaahua, kia taea ai e te mātanga haumanu te whakatakoto tātaritanga mō te kiko o roto o te niho me ngā kiko huri noa i te pito o te pakiaka.
Hei tauira, ka tirohia e te whakamātautau mātao, hiko rānei te urupare o te kiko o roto o te niho. Ka aromatawaia e te ine ā-toro ngā kiko huri noa i te niho. Ka tirohia e te tuku mārama mā roto i te niho te whakawhitinga o te mārama. Ka whakakaha te waikano i te rerekētanga tae o te mata. Ka tautoko pea ēnei kitenga i te whakamāramatanga kotahi, ka waiho rānei i te rangirua e tika ai kia aromatawai anō. Kāore te tāruarua i tētahi whakamātautau whakamīharo ki te kanohi e whakakapi aunoa i ērā atu.
He rerekē te whakamahi waikano i te maimoatanga hihiko ā-mārama
I te maimoatanga hihiko ā-mārama hei patu moroiti, e whakapotohia ana ki te aPDT, ka ngongo te kahurangi metilīni i te mārama e tika ana, ā, ka whai wāhi ki ngā tauhohenga matū ā-mārama ka tūkino pea i ngā moroiti. Me whai tēnei i tētahi hanganga matū tairongo ki te mārama kua tautuhia, me te pānga mārama kua āta whakahaerehia. Ka whakamārama te hononga i waenga i te kahurangi metilīni me te mārama whero i te take he wāhanga tonu o te maimoatanga te roangaru o te mārama, te tikanga tuku, me te pānga.
Nō reira, he huinga te maimoatanga e rangahaua ana, ehara i te “kahurangi metilīni” noa iho. I whakatauritea e tētahi whakamātautau matapōkere mō ngā kiko tautoko niho, e 36 ngā kaiuru te kahurangi metilīni i roto i te wai ki tētahi hanganga whai matū whakaheke mānukanuka mata, mā te whakamahi whakamārama 660-nm i muri i te tango tātaratara niho me te whakamāene i ngā pakiaka. I pūrongo te rangahau kāore he rerekētanga hira i waenga i ngā rōpū mō te hekenga huakita, mō te tawhā haumanu i aromatawaia rānei. Kāore te whakarerekē i te wai kawe matū i hua aunoa ai he painga haumanu whaihua.
He aha tā ngā whakamātautau niho e whakaatu ana?
Ka whakawhirinaki ngā putanga ki te āhuatanga e maimoatia ana, te kawa, te mea whakataurite, me te putanga e inea ana. E whakaatu ana ngā rangahau ngongo pakiaka e rua i te take he whānui rawa tētahi kerēme pēnei i te “ka patu i ngā huakita niho” hei ārahi i te maimoatanga.
I roto i tētahi whakamātautau matapōkere o te tau 2020 mō ngā niho miraka o mua e 30 kua mate te kiko o roto, ko ngā hekenga o te nui o ngā huakita he 93% mā te maimoatanga tikanga noa, he 99% mā te maimoatanga tikanga noa me te aPDT. Kāore te rerekētanga i hira ā-tatauranga. Kāore te ōrau nui ake i whakaatu i te pai ake o te tukanga tāpiri i taua whakamātautau.
I kitea e tētahi whakamātautau haumanu o te tau 2023 mō ngā ngongo pakiaka e 24 he tino nui ake ngā hekenga o ngā huakita ora me ngā wāhanga huakita e rua ina whai te aPDT i te whakarite tikanga noa. E tautoko ana tēnei i tētahi kitenga mō te whakaiti moroiti e hāngai pū ana ki taua kawa. Kāore taua kitenga anake e whakaū ana ka iti ake ngā unuhanga niho, ka pai ake rānei te pupuri niho mō te wā roa.
Ka whai whakaaro hoki ngā aratohu ki ngā taunakitanga whānui ake. E tohu ana te aratohu hipanga tuarua a te Kotahitanga Pākehā mō te Hauora Kiko Tautoko Niho mō te mate mumura o ngā kiko tautoko niho i ngā wāhanga I–III, i runga i tana aratohu S3 o te tau 2020, kia kaua e tāpirihia te maimoatanga hihiko ā-mārama i ngā awhe roangaru 660–670-nm, 800–900-nm rānei kua tautuhia, ki te mahi ā-taputapu i raro i te pae niho. E pā ana tēnei tūtohutanga ki te maimoatanga o ngā kiko tautoko niho; kaua e whakawhitia aunoatia ki ia take katoa mō te maimoatanga niho.
Ehara ngā kitenga pūtau niho i te taunakitanga mō te pani niho
E pā ana tētahi pepa e whakaarohia nuitia ana ki tētahi tukanga tino rerekē. I roto i te rangahau taiwhanga a Mikulás me ōna hoa o te tau 2020, i whakatakotoria e ngā kairangahau ngā pūtau taketake o te kiko o roto o te niho tangata me ngā mitokōria kua wehea mai i te roro ki te pānga o te waeine kapia TEGDMA. I whakahokia ētahi wāhanga o ētahi inenga mahi mitokōria kua ngoikore e te kahurangi metilīni i raro i aua āhuatanga whakamātautau.
I rangahaua e taua mahi ngā tukanga pūngao koiora o ngā pūtau. Kāore i whakamātauria ngā tāngata e paraihe ana i ō rātou niho, te ārai kōhao niho, te whakaora i tētahi kapiti niho, tētahi pani niho kua oti te hanga rānei. He taunakitanga taiwhanga tonu ngā pūtau tangata i roto i te taiwhanga. Ka āwhina te wehewehenga a te whare pukapuka rangahau i waenga i ngā whakamātautau tangata me ngā rangahau whakamātautau ki te whakamārama i tēnei momo putanga.
Te tikanga o tēnei mō ngā kerēme pani niho me te tiaki waha
Kāore ngā taunakitanga o runga e whakaū ana i tētahi tikanga whakamahi kahurangi metilīni mō ngā niho i te kāinga. Mā te tāpiri waikano ki te pani niho ka whakarerekē i tētahi hanganga kua oti te hanga, me te kore whakaatu he whaihua te ranunga hou, he manakohia te pānga tukurua, he hototahi rānei ki ngā whakatikanga niho. Kāore hoki tētahi pūrere mārama mā te kiritaki e tārua i tētahi kawa hihiko ā-mārama kua tukuna e te ngaio.
Mō tētahi tukanga niho e tūtohutia ana, uia ko tēhea tātaritanga e arohia ana, he aha te painga ka tāpirihia ki te tiaki paerewa, ā, ko tēhea rangahau i whakamātau i taua painga. Mō tētahi kerēme pani niho, tonoa ngā taunakitanga mō te hua tūturu kua oti te hanga me te putanga e kerēmetia ana. Kāore tētahi pepa mō te whakaiti moroiti i ngā ngongo pakiaka e āhei ki te whakakī i taua āputa. Waihoki, e pā ana ngā whakamātautau hihiko ā-mārama mō te lichen planus o te waha me ngā taunakitanga mō ngā mariao waha me te korokoro mamae ki ngā āhuatanga motuhake e hiahia ana ki ā rātou ake aromatawai.