Mai sauya tattarar shuɗin methylene: kashi cikin ɗari, mg/mL, da girman da aka auna

Maganin shuɗin methylene mai 1% w/v yana ɗauke da 10 mg/mL. Lakabin da ya ce “1%” kawai ya bar wata muhimmiyar tambaya ba tare da amsa ba: gram ɗaya a cikin millilita 100 na maganin, ko gram ɗaya a cikin gram 100? Na farko yana sauyawa kai tsaye zuwa mg/mL. Na biyu yana buƙatar nauyin maganin a kowace raka'ar girma.

Buɗe mai sauya tattarar sinadari don shigar da tushen ƙididdigar lakabin, tattarar sinadari, da girman da aka auna. Kayan aikin yana gudana a cikin burauzarka kuma ana iya adana shi don amfani ba tare da intanet ba. Yana ƙididdige nauyin sinadari da daidaitattun ƙimominsa a wasu raka'o'i. Ba ya zaɓar adadin da mutum zai yi amfani da shi, hanyar ba da shi, ko jadawalin jiyya. Waɗannan tambayoyin suna buƙatar wani bincike dabam, kamar yadda aka bayyana a dalilin da ya sa tattarar sinadari ba shawarar adadin amfani ba ce.

Karanta mai rabawa kafin lambar

Tattarar sinadari tana bayyana yawan wani sinadari da ke cikin ƙayyadadden adadin gauraya. Mai rabawa ne yake ƙayyade ma'anar lambar. NIST yana bambanta tattara bisa nauyi da tattara bisa adadin sinadari: mg/mL yana bayyana nauyi a kowace raka'ar girma, yayin da mol/L yake bayyana adadin sinadari a kowace raka'ar girma. Waɗannan ma'aunai ne daban.

Don wannan mai sauyawa, yi amfani da waɗannan ma'anonin bayanan shigarwa:

Ma'anonin maganin EMD Chemicals suna bambanta w/v, w/w, da v/v a sarari. Wannan na'urar ƙididdiga ba ta karɓar kashi cikin ɗari v/v, wanda yake bayyana alaƙar girma da girma kuma ba za a iya sauya shi zuwa nauyin sinadarin da aka narkar daga kashi cikin ɗari kaɗai ba.

Sauya kashi cikin ɗari w/v zuwa mg/mL

Don kashi cikin ɗari p da aka bayyana bisa w/v:

Tattarar sinadari a mg/mL = p × 10

Ninkin 10 yana fitowa ne daga sauya raka'o'i: p gram a cikin 100 mL daidai yake da p × 1,000 milligram da aka raba da 100 mL. Don sauyawa a akasin hanya, raba mg/mL da 10.

Waɗannan misalan lissafi ne, ba adadin da aka ba da shawarar a yi amfani da shi ba. Lura cewa ninka tattarar sinadari sau biyu yana ninka nauyin sau biyu a cikin girma ɗaya. Ba za a iya ɗaukar umarnin girma daga wani magani zuwa wani mai tattara dabam ba tare da duba tattarar ba.

“Maganin ƙarshe” ma yana da muhimmanci. Ƙayyadadden gram ɗaya a cikin 100 mL yana bayyana jimillar girma bayan narkewa. Ba yana nufin ƙara gram ɗaya cikin 100 mL na ruwa da aka riga aka auna ba. A aikin haɗa magani, girman ƙarshe shi ne adadin da ake dogaro da shi.

Sauya kashi cikin ɗari w/w ta amfani da nauyin magani a kowace raka'ar girma

Don kashi cikin ɗari p bisa w/w da nauyin maganin a kowace raka'ar girma ρ a g/mL:

Tattarar sinadari a mg/mL = p × 10 × ρ

A ɗauka cewa wani magani na misali yana da 1% w/w kuma nauyinsa a kowace raka'ar girma da aka rubuta shi ne 1.05 g/mL. Millilita ɗaya yana da nauyin 1.05 g. Kashi ɗaya cikin ɗari na wannan nauyi shi ne sinadarin da aka ambata wanda aka narkar: 0.0105 g, ko 10.5 mg. Saboda haka tattararsa bisa nauyi ita ce 10.5 mg/mL, daidai da 1.05% w/v.

An zaɓi nauyin a kowace raka'ar girma a wannan misalin ne kawai don yin misali. Ba ƙimar da aka auna don samfurin Blupreme ba ce. Shigar da nauyin a kowace raka'ar girma na ainihin maganin da aka gama haɗawa, a yanayin zafin da ya dace. Nauyin ruwa ko busasshen garin shuɗin methylene a kowace raka'ar girma wani adadi ne dabam. Idan babu wannan bayani, mai sauyawa yana barin ƙididdigar w/w ba tare da warwarewa ba, maimakon saka 1 g/mL ba tare da sanarwa ba.

Don ƙididdiga a akasin hanya, kashi cikin ɗari w/w daidai yake da mg/mL da aka raba da 10 × nauyi a kowace raka'ar girma a g/mL. Wannan yana bayyana dalilin da ya sa lambobin w/w da w/v za su iya kama da juna a wasu gaurayoyin ruwa masu ƙarancin tattara, duk da cewa ma'anarsu ba iri ɗaya ba ce.

Ƙididdige nauyi a cikin girman da aka auna

Da zarar an bayyana tattarar sinadari a mg/mL:

Nauyi a mg = tattarar sinadari a mg/mL × girma a mL

Rabon 0.25 mL da aka ɗauka a dakin gwaje-gwaje daga maganin asali mai 5 mg/mL yana ɗauke da 1.25 mg na sinadarin da aka ambata a bayanin tattarar. “Rabon da aka auna” a nan yana nufin wani sashe na maganin da aka auna. Ƙididdigar tana ɗauka cewa wannan sashe yana wakiltar maganin da aka bayyana wanda sinadaransa suka gauraya daidai ko'ina.

Har yanzu kayan aunawa ne suke ƙayyade ko an bayar da 0.25 mL a zahiri. Eppendorf ya rubuta yadda halayen ruwa da zafin jiki suke shafar amfani da pipet mai matashin iska. Lissafi daidai ba zai gyara na'urar aunawa da ba ta dace ba, kumfar iska, ko ma'aunin da aka karanta ba daidai ba. Sakamakon da aka nuna da lambobi shida masu muhimmanci sakamakon lissafi ne, ba ikirarin cewa aunawar tana da daidaito har zuwa lambobi shida ba.

Dalilin da ya sa babu adadin ɗigo da aka sa tun farko

Tambayar “Ɗigo nawa ne suke ɗauke da 1 mg?” tana buƙatar tattarar sinadari da girman kowane ɗigo da aka daidaita ta hanyar aunawa. Kalmar “ɗigo ɗaya” ko kamannin na'urar ɗigawa ba ya bayyana wannan girma.

Idan matsakaicin girman ɗigo da aka auna shi ne d mL/drop:

Nauyi a kowane ɗigo = tattarar sinadari × d

Don daidaitawa ta misali kawai ta 0.04 mL/drop da magani mai 10 mg/mL, matsakaicin nauyi shi ne 0.4 mg/drop. A lissafi, milligram ɗaya ya yi daidai da 2.5 na waɗannan ɗigon matsakaici. Wannan sakamakon mai ɓangaren ɗigo ba ya bayyana rabin ɗigo da za a iya bayarwa da tabbaci, kuma ba umarnin amfani ba ne.

Aikin NIST kan kimiyyar auna ɗigo yana ƙayyade nauyi da girman ɗigon da aka bayar ta hanyar aunawa. Ba za a iya jingina sakamakon na'urarsa mai matuƙar daidaito ga na'urar ɗigawa ta masu amfani ba. Yi amfani da bayanan daidaitawa na ainihin ruwa, na'urar bayar da shi, da yanayin aiki. Bar filin da ba wajibi ba fanko idan babu wannan bayani; mai sauyawa zai ci gaba da ƙididdige nauyi daga girman da aka auna.

Riƙe tushen sinadarin da ke kan lakabi

Mai sauyawa yana amfani da tattarar da aka shigar a duk lissafin. Ba ya yin gyara bisa gwajin adadin sinadari a cikin gari, sauyawa tsakanin tushen sinadari mai ruwan da ke ɗaure a tsarinsa da mara wannan ruwa, gano ƙazanta, ko tabbatar da cewa maganin da aka haɗa ya dace da wani takamaiman amfani. Kwafi cikakken bayanin sinadarin daga takardar asali lokacin rubuta sakamako. Jagorar tattarar maganin shuɗin methylene tana bayyana yadda ake kwatanta bayanan tattarar sinadari tsakanin samfurori.

Kafin amfani da sakamako, rubuta abubuwa uku tare: tattarar asali da tushen ƙididdigarta, girman da aka auna, da nauyin da aka samu. Ƙara nauyi a kowace raka'ar girma ko bayanan daidaita ɗigo idan an yi amfani da ɗayansu. Wannan bayanin yana sa a iya maimaita ƙididdigar kuma yana bayyana abubuwan da aka ɗauka waɗanda lamba ita kaɗai za ta ɓoye.