Ukuhambisana kwe-Methylene Blue: Izihlungi, Izitshalo, Izimfanzi, Amanzi Olwandle

I-tetra egulayo iveza imibuzo emibili ehlukene. Omunye owokuthi i-methylene blue iyifanele yini inkinga. Omunye owokuthi ithangi liyakwazi yini ukwamukela i-methylene blue nhlobo. Ukudidanisa le mibuzo emibili kubangela izinkinga eziningi zokungahambisani.

Ukwelashwa kunezingxenye ezimbili: ikhemikhali nohlelo elifakwa kulo. Isitsha sokwelapha esingenalutho nethangi elihlanganyelwa izinhlobo ezahlukene, elinezitshalo futhi eselinesikhathi lisebenza, kuyizinhlelo ezahlukene ngisho noma kunezinhlobo zezinhlanzi ezifanayo kuzo. Isiqondiso esibhalelwe olunye uhlelo asisebenzi ngokuzenzakalela kolunye. Lo mhlahlandlela ubheka ukuhambisana njengento encike ohlelweni, usebenzisa ilebula yomkhiqizo owodwa njengomthombo futhi ukhomba lapho ubufakazi buyindlala khona.

Okushiwo ilebula esetshenziswa njengomthombo

Ulwazi lomkhiqizo we-methylene blue we-Kordon luchaza isixazululo sasemanzini esingu-2.303% sezinhlanzi zokuhlobisa, futhi luthi sisetshenziselwa amaqanda ezinhlanzi, izinkinga zesikhunta ezingaphezulu komzimba, amanye ama-protozoa angaphandle komzimba, nokusiza lapho kuqinisekiswe ubuthi be-nitrite noma be-cyanide. Izifo ezibangelwa amagciwane, izibungu ezingama-fluke, i-Oodinium, nezifo zesikhunta esezithuthukile azikho kulolo hlu.

Lezi ziqondiso ziphethe nezixwayiso zokuhambisana. I-Kordon ithi umkhiqizo akufanele usetshenziswe ezinhlelweni ezithembele ekuhlungeni kwebhayoloji, ungase uphazamise ukukhula okuvamile kwezitshalo, ikhabhoni ecushiwe iyawususa, kanti amadwala anezimbotshana, amakhorali nokhuni kuyawumunca. Ukwelashwa kufanele kwenziwe ezitsheni ezingenalutho, i-silicone ingase ibe namabala angasuki, futhi ukuhlanza kudinga ukushintshwa kwamanzi kanye nekhabhoni entsha.

Leyo misho isivele iphendula imibuzo emibili evame ukuseshwa. Uma ubuza ukuthi i-methylene blue isithinta kanjani isihlungi sebhayoloji, impendulo yomkhiqizi ithi mayingasondeli kuleso sihlungi. Uma ubuza ukuthi ungayisebenzisa yini i-methylene blue ethangini elinezitshalo, impendulo ithi ukuphazamiseka kokukhula kulindelekile. Okulandelayo kuchaza ukuthi kungani, nokuthi ukuqapha kufanele kusetshenziswe kuphi lapho idatha ingekho.

Ukutholwa kwembangela yenkinga nekhwalithi yamanzi kuza ngaphambi kwalokhu kuhlola, njengoba kuchazwe ku-i-methylene blue yezinhlanzi zasethangini. Amaphutha okugxila kwesixazululo enza ukungahambisani kube kubi kakhulu axoxwa emthonjeni wokunemba komthamo, kanti izizathu zokuhlukanisa eziqondene namaqanda zivela ku-mhlahlandlela wokwelashwa ezindaweni zokuchamisela.

Itafula lokuhambisana

“Akukaziwa” ngezansi kuyisiphetho, hhayi ukushiywa kolwazi etafuleni. Kusho ukuthi alukho ucwaningo lwethangi olwenziwe ngaphansi kwezimo ezilawulwayo oluthethelela ukuchayeka, ngakho ukuhlukanisa kuyisinqumo esiyisisekelo.

Ingxenye yohlelo	Isinqumo	Isisekelo nokuphathwa
Isihlungi sebhayoloji esesisebenza ngokugcwele	Gwema ethangini lokubukisa	Ivimbela i-nitrification. Olunye ucwaningo lwamanzi angenasawoti lwaqopha izinsuku ezingu-16 ngaphandle kwe-nitrification ngemva kokuchayeka kanye ku-5 mg/L. Yelapha ngokwehlukana; hlola i-ammonia ne-nitrite kunoma yiluphi uhlelo oluchayekile kuze kubuyele esimweni esivamile.
Izitshalo eziphilayo	Gwema ethangini lokubukisa	I-Kordon ixwayisa ngokuphazamiseka kokukhula. Idatha ye-duckweed ibonisa ukukhula okunciphile ku-50 mg/L, okuyizinga eliphezulu kakhulu kunelokwelashwa, futhi ayikho idatha elawulwayo ye-Anubias, i-Cryptocoryne noma i-Java fern ku-1 kuya ku-3 mg/L. Ukungabi bikho kwedatha yezinhlobo ezithile akusho ukuphepha.
Izimfanzi, i-Neocaridina ne-Caridina	Akukaziwa, zithathe njengezizwela kalula	Ayikho idatha yomthamo elawulwayo yezimfanzi zokuhlobisa. Idatha yezilwane ezihlobene ezinogobolondo iyaphikisana, kusukela ekulimaleni kwe-Daphnia emazingeni ama-microgram kuya ekubekezeleleni kwamazinga aphakeme kakhulu kwezimfanzi zama-penaeid. Gcina izimfanzi zingangeni emanzini okwelapha.
Iminenke	Akukaziwa, yithathe njengezizwela kalula	Ayikho idatha ewusizo yemithamo yokwelapha iminenke evamile yasethangini. Ungacabangi ukuthi iphephile ngenxa yemithamo esetshenziselwa izinhlanzi.
Ama-crayfish nezinye izilwane ezinogobolondo	Akukaziwa, zithathe njengezizwela kalula	Ukuzwela kwehluka kakhulu phakathi kwamaqembu ezilwane, ngakho ukusebenzisa okutholwe kwelinye iqembu njengobufakazi kwelinye akusebenzi. Zihlukanise.
Ezinye izilwane ezingenamgogodla	Akukaziwa, zithathe njengezizwela kalula	“I-methylene blue nezilwane ezingenamgogodla” akusona isitatimende esisodwa esisebenza kuzo zonke. Khetha ukuhlukanisa njengomthetho oyisisekelo.
Izinhlanzi ezingenamazenga, ama-loach, izinhlobo eziningi zama-catfish	Qaphela, hlola ngokwehlukana	Imikhawulo kadayi omsulwa ayikacwaningwa ngokwanele. Ukubuyekezwa kocwaningo kuyibiza njengengenabo ubuthi obukhulu njenge-malachite green kodwa kuphawula ukufa kwezinye izinhlobo; ukuhlolwa kwama-catfish okutholakalayo kuxuba udayi nosawoti. Thola iseluleko sikadokotela wezilwane esiqondene nohlobo oluthile.
Izinhlanzi zamanzi anosawoti, ithangi lokuhlukanisa elingenalutho	Ilebula ihlanganisa izinhlanzi zasolwandle, kodwa ngokuhlukaniswa kuphela	Sebenzisa isitsha sokwelapha esinezinhlanzi kuphela, esinomoya ofakwa emanzini nokuqashwa. Lokhu akusho ukuthi iphephile ezinhlelweni zamakhorali.
Ithangi lokubukisa lamakhorali, amakhorali, amadwala aphilayo	Gwema	Amadwala aphilayo avame ukuba yisihlungi sebhayoloji, amakhorali namadwala anezimbotshana amunca udayi ngokwe-Kordon, futhi kufakazelwe ukuthi i-nitrification yasolwandle iyathinteka. Ukuhlolwa okukodwa kwekhorali elithambile ngezinga elicishe libe ingxenye eyodwa kweziyishumi yezinga lokwelashwa akufakazeli ukuphepha.
Ikhabhoni, izinto zokuhlunga ezinezimbotshana, i-silicone	Kususe noma wamukele ukulahlekelwa	Ikhabhoni isusa udayi ngesikhathi sokwelashwa futhi iyithuluzi elishiwo lokuhlanza ngemva kwalokho. Izinto ezinezimbotshana ziyawumunca; i-silicone ingase ibe namabala.
Isihlukanisi samaprotheni ngegwebu	Akukaziwa	Ayikho idatha ethembekile yesihlukanisi samaprotheni ngegwebu esetshenziswa nodayi omsulwa. Imikhiqizo exubile etshela abasebenzisi ukuthi bayeke ukuhlukanisa ngegwebu iqukethe ezinye izinto futhi ayifakazeli lutho nge-methylene blue iyodwa.

Umthombo wokuphepha wezinhlobo ezizwela kalula nezilwane ezingenamgogodla uhlanganisa lokhu okungakaziwa ngokuningiliziwe.

Kungani isihlungi sebhayoloji sibaluleke kakhulu

Izilokazane ezincane ezenza i-nitrification zicubungula i-ammonia ne-nitrite ngesikhathi izinhlanzi ziqhubeka zikhiqiza imfucuza, ngakho ukuzivimbela kwakha esinye isimo esiphuthumayo phakathi kwesokuqala. Iziqondiso ze-UF/IFAS ngamakhemikhali ezinhlelweni zamanzi ajikelezayo zifaka i-methylene blue ohlwini lwezinto ezivimbela ukusebenza kwezihlungi zebhayoloji futhi zincoma ukwelapha izinhlanzi emathangini anqanyuliwe ohlelweni, kushintshwe ingxenye enkulu yamanzi ngaphambi kokuwaxhuma kabusha.

Ukuzwela kuyehluka ngokwenhlanganisela yezilokazane ezincane ezikhona. Ucwaningo lwaselabhorethri lwathola ukuthi olunye uhlobo lwesilokazane sasolwandle esiguqula i-ammonia nge-oxidation lwavinjelwa ku-10 parts per billion kanti olunye lwaludinga u-10 parts per million, futhi amanye amaseli abulawa kunokuba avinjelwe okwesikhashana. Ucwaningo lwasolwandle lwathola nokuthi ukuphazamiseka kokuguqulwa kwe-ammonia nge-oxidation kwaqhubeka ngemva kokushintshwa kwamanzi okwelapha.

Asikho isikhathi esijwayelekile sokubuyela kokusebenza kwesihlungi sebhayoloji ngemva kwe-methylene blue. Isibalo sezinsuku ezingu-16 siwumphumela owodwa wamanzi angenasawoti ekuchayekeni okukodwa, hhayi isithembiso, futhi akufanele sicashunwe njengesikhathi esivamile. Phatha isihlungi esichayekile njengesingasebenzi kahle kuze kube ukuhlolwa kufakazela okunye: hlola i-ammonia ne-nitrite nsuku zonke, gcina umoya-mpilo usezingeni eliphezulu, futhi ungabheki ukufiphala kombala oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka njengobufakazi. Ikhabhoni nokushintshwa kwamanzi kususa umbala; ukuhlolwa kuphela okubonisa ukubuyela kokusebenza kwezilokazane ezincane. Umhlahlandlela we-UF/IFAS wezempilo yezinhlanzi ubeka ukuhlolwa kwamanzi kuqala lapho izinhlanzi zibukeka zigula, futhi iziqondiso zawo nge-ammonia ziphawula ukuthi i-ammonia eyingozi ayinambala futhi ayinaphunga.

Izitshalo, izimfanzi, iminenke nezinhlanzi ezingenamazenga

Emathangini anezitshalo, isixwayiso somkhiqizi siwubufakazi obuqine kakhulu obusebenza ngokuqondile. Umphumela we-duckweed ubonisa ukuthi indlela yokuphazamiseka kungenzeka, kodwa awubeki umkhawulo wezinhlobo zasethangini emazingeni okwelashwa. Yenza ukwelashwa ngaphandle kwethangi lokubukisa elinezitshalo.

Ngezimfanzi neminenke, awukho umthamo ophephile ongacashunwa. “Ingabe i-methylene blue iphephile ezimfanzini” nokuthi “ingabe i-methylene blue iphephile eminenkeni” yomibili inempendulo ethi akukaziwa, okusho ukuthi kufanele uzigcine zingachayeki kudayi. Ungaphinde usebenzise amanzi okwelapha ekushintsheni amanzi kwenye indawo, futhi gcina amanethi namashubhu okudonsa amanzi okwelapha ehlukene nawokunye ukusetshenziswa.

Izinhlanzi ezingenamazenga zidinga ukuhlolwa ngokohlobo ngalunye. Ukubekezelela kuncike esikhathini sokuchayeka nasekugxileni kwesixazululo: ama-goldfish agcinwe ku-2 mg/L izinsuku ezingu-21 abonisa ukushintsha kokukhula nokusebenza kwemizimba yawo, isikhathi eside kakhulu kunenkambo yezinsuku ezingu-3 kuya kwezingu-5, kodwa lokhu kuwubufakazi bokuthi idatha yenkambo emfushane ayihlanganisi ukuchayeka isikhathi eside. Ungalokothi usebenzise umthamo wenhlanzi enamazenga ku-loach noma ku-catfish engenamazenga, futhi ungalokothi uhlanganise usawoti nodayi ngaphandle kweseluleko, ngoba ukuhlolwa kwezingxube akuwuhlukanisi umkhawulo kadayi.

Izinhlelo zamanzi olwandle ziyisimo esihlukile

“I-methylene blue yezinhlanzi zamanzi anosawoti” ichaza ukuhlukaniswa, hhayi ukunakekelwa kwethangi lamakhorali. Isitsha esingenalutho esinezinhlanzi kuphela sinomthamo wamanzi olinganisiwe, ukufakwa komoya emanzini, futhi asinazo izakhiwo zamakhorali. Ithangi lokubukisa lamakhorali liqukethe amakhorali, izilwane ezithambile ezingama-mollusk, izilwane ezinogobolondo, amadwala aphilayo enza umsebenzi wokuhlunga, nesihlukanisi samaprotheni ngegwebu esingakacwaningwa kahle ngokusebenzisana kwaso nodayi. Okuhlangenwe nakho kwethangi elihlanganyelwa izinhlobo ezahlukene zamanzi angenasawoti akusebenzi ngokuzenzakalela lapha, ngoba izinto eziphilayo, isihlungi nezindawo ezibamba udayi konke kwehlukile.

Hlukanisa izinhlanzi futhi ushiye uhlelo lwamakhorali lungathintwanga. Ungahambisi amanzi okwelapha eduze nendawo yokuqoqwa nokuhluzwa kwamanzi yethangi lokubukisa.

Ukulungiselela okugwema izinkinga eziningi

Sebenzisa isitsha sokwelapha esingenalutho noma nini lapho ithangi lokubukisa linesihlungi sebhayoloji esesisebenza ngokugcwele, izitshalo, izimfanzi, iminenke, amadwala aphilayo noma amakhorali. Lokho kuhlanganisa cishe wonke amathangi okubukisa. Susa ikhabhoni ngesikhathi sokuchayeka, gcina ukuhlunga okubamba izinhlayiya nokufakwa komoya kusebenza lapho inqubo ikuvumela, futhi ulinganise umthamo wangempela wamanzi okwelapha ngamayunithi asetshenziswa ilebula. Ngemva kwenkambo ebekiwe, shintsha amanzi ufake ikhabhoni entsha, bese uqapha inhlanzi eyelashwayo nohlelo oluyinhloko ngokwehlukana.

Ngaphambi kokufaka umthamo, bhala phansi inkinga, umkhiqizo oqondile nokugxila kwawo, umthamo wamanzi olinganisiwe, isikhathi kanye nohlelo lokuqapha. Uma itafula elingenhla libeka noma yisiphi isilwane esihlala ethangini ngaphansi kokuthi akukaziwa, lowo mugqa uwodwa uyasithethelela isitsha esihlukile. Nquma ukuhambisana ngaphambi kokuba amanzi abe luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka.