Inqaku
Ukuhambelana kwe-methylene blue nezihluzi, izityalo, iishrimpi, neetanki zamanzi olwandle
Intlanzi eyi-tetra egulayo iphakamisa imibuzo emibini eyahlukileyo. Owokuqala kukuba ingaba i-methylene blue iyifanele na ingxaki. Owesibini kukuba ingaba itanki inokuyamkela na i-methylene blue kwaphela. Ukubhidanisa le mibuzo mibini kubangela ukusilela okuninzi kokuhambelana.
Unyango lunezinto ezimbini: ikhemikhali kunye nenkqubo engena kuyo. Isikhongozeli sonyango esingenazihombiso netanki enezityalo, eneentlobo ezahlukeneyo, nenebhayoloji esele izinzile ziinkqubo ezahlukileyo nokuba zineentlobo zeentlanzi ezifanayo. Umyalelo obhalelwe enye awunakusetyenziswa nje kwenye. Esi sikhokelo sijonga ukuhambelana njengophawu lwenkqubo, sisebenzisa ileyibhile yemveliso enye njengesalathiso kwaye sibonisa apho ubungqina bunqongophele khona.
Oko kuthethwa yileyibhile esetyenziswa njengesalathiso
Ulwazi lukaKordon ngemveliso ye-methylene blue luchaza isisombululo esisemanzini esiyi-2.303% esenzelwe iintlanzi zokuhombisa, esichaza ukusetyenziswa kwaso kumaqanda eentlanzi, kwiingxaki zomngundo ezikumphezulu womzimba, kwezinye iiprotozoa zangaphandle, nasekuncediseni xa kukho ityhefu eqinisekisiweyo ye-nitrite okanye ye-cyanide. Izifo ezibangelwa ziibhaktheriya, iintshulube ezizifunxi-gazi ezibizwa ngokuba zii-fluke, i-Oodinium, kunye nezifo zomngundo ezisele zihambele phambili azikho kolo luhlu.
Kwale miyalelo inezilumkiso zokuhambelana. UKordon uthi le mveliso mayingasetyenziswa kwiinkqubo ezixhomekeke ekuhluzweni ngebhayoloji, inokuphazamisa ukukhula okuqhelekileyo kwezityalo, isuswa yikhabhoni evuselelweyo, kwaye ifunxwa ngamatye anemingxuma, ziikorale, nangumthi. Unyango lufanele lwenziwe kwizikhongozeli ezingenazihombiso, i-silicone inokushiyeka inamabala ngokusisigxina, kwaye ukucoca kufuna ukutshintshwa kwamanzi kunye nekhabhoni entsha.
Ezo zivakalisi sele ziphendula imibuzo emibini edla ngokukhangelwa. Ukuba ubuza ukuba i-methylene blue isichaphazela njani isihluzi sebhayoloji, impendulo yomvelisi kukuba mayigcinwe kude neso sihluzi. Ukuba ubuza ukuba ungayisebenzisa na i-methylene blue kwitanki enezityalo, impendulo kukuba ukuphazamiseka kokukhula kulindelekile. Oku kulandelayo kuchaza isizathu, nalapho kufuneka kusetyenziswe ulumkiso ngenxa yokungabikho kwedatha.
Ukuchonga ingxaki nokujonga umgangatho wamanzi kuza ngaphambi kolu hlolo, njengoko kuchaziwe kwinqaku elithi i-methylene blue yeentlanzi zase-akwariyam. Iimpazamo kuxinano ezandisa iingxaki zokuhambelana zichaziwe kwisikhokelo sokuchaneka komlinganiselo wokugalela, kwaye izizathu zokwahlula amaqanda zichaziwe kwisikhokelo sonyango kwiindawo zokuqandusela.
Itheyibhile yokuhambelana
Igama elithi "Akwaziwa" elingezantsi sisiphumo sohlolo, hayi umsantsa kwitheyibhile. Lithetha ukuba akukho luvavanyo lwe-akwariyam olulawulwayo oluthethelela ukubekwa kwezi zinto emanzini ane-methylene blue, ngoko ukuzahlula kuyindlela esisiseko.
| Inxalenye yenkqubo | Isigqibo | Isiseko nendlela yokuphatha |
|---|---|---|
| Isihluzi sebhayoloji esele sizinzile | Kuphephe kwitanki yokubonisa | Ithintela i-nitrification. Uphononongo olunye lwamanzi angenatyuwa lwabhala iintsuku eziyi-16 ngaphandle kwe-nitrification emva kokuchanabeka kube kanye kwi-5 mg/L. Nyanga ngokwahlukeneyo; vavanya i-ammonia ne-nitrite kuyo nayiphi na inkqubo echanabekileyo de ibuyele kwimeko eqhelekileyo. |
| Izityalo eziphilayo | Kuphephe kwitanki yokubonisa | UKordon ulumkisa ngokuphazamiseka kokukhula. Idatha ye-duckweed ibonisa ukuncipha kokukhula kwi-50 mg/L, okuphezulu kakhulu kunoxinano lonyango, kwaye akukho datha ilawulwayo ye-Anubias, Cryptocoryne, okanye Java fern kwi-1 ukuya kwi-3 mg/L. Ukungabikho kwedatha yohlobo oluthile akuthethi ukuba kukhuselekile. |
| Iishrimpi, i-Neocaridina ne-Caridina | Akwaziwa, zithathe njengezinobuntununtunu | Akukho datha ilawulwayo yemilinganiselo kwiishrimpi zokuhombisa. Idatha yezilwanyana ezinxulumene nazo ezineqokobhe iyaphikisana, ukusuka kumonakalo kwi-Daphnia kumanqanaba e-microgram ukuya ekunyamezeleni kwee-penaeid amanqanaba aphezulu kakhulu. Musa ukufaka iishrimpi emanzini onyango. |
| Iinkumba | Akwaziwa, zithathe njengezinobuntununtunu | Akukho datha iluncedo yemilinganiselo yonyango yeenkumba eziqhelekileyo zase-akwariyam. Musa ukugqiba ngokuba kukhuselekile ngenxa yemilinganiselo esetyenziswa kwiintlanzi. |
| Iikreyifishi nezinye izilwanyana ezineqokobhe | Akwaziwa, zithathe njengezinobuntununtunu | Ubuntununtunu buyahluka kakhulu phakathi kwamaqela ezilwanyana, ngoko ukusebenzisa iziphumo zeqela elinye kwelinye akusebenzi. Zahlule. |
| Ezinye izilwanyana ezingenamqolo | Akwaziwa, zithathe njengezinobuntununtunu | "I-methylene blue nezilwanyana ezingenamqolo" asiyongxelo enye esebenza kuzo zonke. Yenza ukwahlula kube yindlela esisiseko. |
| Iintlanzi ezingenamaxolo, ii-loach, iintlobo ezininzi ze-catfish | Lumka, zihlole ngokwahlukeneyo | Imida yokunyamezela idayi esulungekileyo ayichazwanga kakuhle. Uphononongo olushwankathelayo luyibiza ngokuba inetyhefu encinci kune-malachite green kodwa luphawula ukufa kwezinye iintlobo; iimvavanyo ze-catfish ezikhoyo zixuba idayi netyuwa. Fumana ingcebiso kugqirha wezilwanyana ejolise kuhlobo oluthile. |
| Iintlanzi zamanzi olwandle, itanki yokuvalelwa yodwa engenazihombiso | Ileyibhile iquka iintlanzi zaselwandle, kodwa kuphela xa zivalelwe zodwa | Sebenzisa isikhongozeli sonyango esineentlanzi kuphela, esinomoya ofakwa emanzini kunye nokubekwa esweni. Oku akuthethi ukuba kukhuselekile kwinkqubo ye-reef. |
| Itanki yokubonisa i-reef, iikorale, amatye aphilayo | Kuphephe | Amatye aphilayo adla ngokuba sisihluzi sebhayoloji, iikorale namatye anemingxuma afunxa idayi ngokukaKordon, kwaye kubonisiwe ukuba i-nitrification yaselwandle isengozini. Uvavanyo olunye lwekorale ethambileyo kuxinano olumalunga nesinye kwishumi loxinano lonyango aluqinisekisi ukhuseleko. |
| Ikhabhoni, izinto zokuhluza ezinemingxuma, i-silicone | Zisuse okanye wamkele ilahleko | Ikhabhoni isusa idayi ngexesha lonyango kwaye yiyo echaziweyo njengesixhobo sokucoca emva kwalo. Izinto zokuhluza ezinemingxuma ziyayifunxa; i-silicone inokushiyeka inamabala. |
| Isixhobo sokususa iiproteni ngogwebu | Akwaziwa | Akukho datha ithembekileyo yesixhobo sokususa iiproteni ngogwebu xa kusetyenziswa idayi esulungekileyo. Iimveliso ezixutyiweyo eziyalela abasebenzisi ukuba bayeke ukusebenzisa esi sixhobo ziqulethe ezinye izinto kwaye azingqini nto nge-methylene blue iyodwa. |
Isikhokelo sokhuseleko seentlobo ezinobuntununtunu nezilwanyana ezingenamqolo sihlanganisa ezi zinto zingaziwayo ngokweenkcukacha ezingakumbi.
Kutheni isihluzi sebhayoloji sibaluleke kakhulu
Iintsholongwane ezenza i-nitrification ziguqula i-ammonia ne-nitrite ngoxa iintlanzi ziqhubeka zivelisa inkunkuma, ngoko ukuzithintela kudala imeko yesibini engxamisekileyo ngaphakathi kweyokuqala. Isikhokelo se-UF/IFAS seekhemikhali kwiinkqubo ezijikelezisa amanzi sidwelisa i-methylene blue phakathi kwezinto ezithintela izihluzi zebhayoloji kwaye sicebisa ukunyanga iintlanzi kwiitanki ezikhutshiweyo kwinkqubo, kutshintshwe amanzi amaninzi ngaphambi kokuzidibanisa kwakhona.
Ubuntununtunu buyahluka ngokweqela leentsholongwane. Uphando lwaselebhu lwafumanisa ukuba olunye uhlobo lwentsholongwane yaselwandle e-oksidayiza i-ammonia lwathintelwa kwi-10 iinxalenye kwibhiliyoni, ngoxa olunye lwalufuna i-10 iinxalenye kwisigidi, kwaye ezinye iiseli zabulawa kunokuba zithintelwe okwethutyana. Uphando lwaselwandle lwafumanisa nokuba ukuphazamiseka kwe-oksidayishini ye-ammonia kwaqhubeka nasemva kokutshintshwa kwamanzi onyango.
Akukho xesha liqhelekileyo lokubuyela kwesihluzi sebhayoloji kwimeko yesiqhelo emva kwe-methylene blue. Eli nani leentsuku eziyi-16 sisiphumo esinye samanzi angenatyuwa emva kokuchanabeka kube kanye, asisosithembiso, kwaye akufanele licatshulwe njengethuba elimiselweyo. Thatha isihluzi esichanabekileyo njengesingasebenzi kakuhle de iimvavanyo zibonise okwahlukileyo: jonga i-ammonia ne-nitrite yonke imihla, gcina ioksijini iphezulu, kwaye ungawuthathi umbala oluhlaza ophelayo njengobungqina. Ikhabhoni nokutshintshwa kwamanzi kususa umbala; ziimvavanyo kuphela ezibonisa ukuchacha kweentsholongwane. Isikhokelo se-UF/IFAS sempilo yeentlanzi sibeka ukuvavanywa kwamanzi kuqala xa iintlanzi zibonakala zigula, kwaye isikhokelo saso se-ammonia siphawula ukuba i-ammonia eyingozi ayinambala kwaye ayinavumba.
Izityalo, iishrimpi, iinkumba, neentlanzi ezingenamaxolo
Kwiitanki ezinezityalo, isilumkiso somvelisi bobona bungqina bunamandla obusebenza ngokuthe ngqo. Isiphumo se-duckweed sibonisa ukuba indlela eyenzeka ngayo le mpembelelo inokwenzeka, kodwa asimiseli mda weentlobo zase-akwariyam kuxinano lonyango. Yenza unyango ngaphandle kwetanki yokubonisa enezityalo.
Kwiishrimpi neenkumba akukho mlinganiselo ukhuselekileyo onokucatshulwa. Imibuzo ethi "ngaba i-methylene blue ikhuselekile kwiishrimpi" kunye nethi "ngaba i-methylene blue ikhuselekile kwiinkumba" yomibini iphendulwa ngokuthi akwaziwa, nto leyo ethetha ukuba mazingafakwa emanzini anedayi. Musa ukuphinda usebenzise amanzi onyango ukutshintsha amanzi kwenye indawo, kwaye gcina iminatha neesiphoni zonyango zahlukile.
Iintlanzi ezingenamaxolo zifuna ukuhlolwa ngokohlobo ngalunye. Ukunyamezela kuxhomekeke kubude bexesha nakuxinano: iintlanzi zegolide ezigcinwe kwi-2 mg/L kangangeentsuku eziyi-21 zabonisa utshintsho ekukhuleni nasekusebenzeni kwemizimba yazo, ixesha elide kakhulu kunonyango lweentsuku eziyi-3 ukuya kweziyi-5, kodwa oku kububungqina bokuba idatha yonyango lwexesha elifutshane ayiquki ukuchanabeka ixesha elide. Ungaze usebenzise umlinganiselo wentlanzi enamaxolo kwi-loach okanye kwi-catfish engenamaxolo, kwaye ungaze udibanise ityuwa nedayi ngaphandle kwengcebiso, kuba iimvavanyo zemixube aziwubonisi ngokwahlukeneyo umda wokunyamezela idayi.
Iinkqubo zamanzi olwandle ziyimeko eyahlukileyo
"I-methylene blue yeentlanzi zamanzi olwandle" ichaza ukuvalelwa kwazo zodwa, hayi ukugcinwa kwe-reef. Isikhongozeli esingenazihombiso esineentlanzi kuphela sinomthamo olinganisiweyo, ukufakwa komoya emanzini, kwaye asinasakhiwo se-reef. Itanki yokubonisa i-reef ineekorale, iimolaski, izilwanyana ezineqokobhe, amatye aphilayo enza umsebenzi wokuhluza, kunye nesixhobo sokususa iiproteni ngogwebu esingekacaciswa indlela esisebenzisana ngayo nedayi. Amava eetanki zamanzi angenatyuwa ezineentlobo ezahlukeneyo akanakusetyenziswa nje apha, kuba izinto eziphilayo, isihluzi, nemiphezulu ebamba idayi zonke zahlukile.
Valele iintlanzi zodwa uze ushiye i-reef ingachukunyiswanga. Musa ukuhambisa amanzi onyango naphi na kufutshane netanki engezantsi eqokelela amanzi etanki yokubonisa.
Ulungiselelo oluphepha ukusilela okuninzi
Sebenzisa isikhongozeli sonyango esingenazihombiso nanini na itanki yokubonisa inesihluzi esele sizinzile, izityalo, iishrimpi, iinkumba, amatye aphilayo, okanye iikorale. Oku kuquka phantse zonke iitanki zokubonisa. Susa ikhabhoni ngexesha lokuchanabeka, ugcine ukuhluzwa kokubamba amasuntswana nokufakwa komoya emanzini kusebenza apho inkqubo yonyango ikuvumela khona, kwaye ulinganise umthamo wokwenene wamanzi onyango ngeeyunithi ezisetyenziswa yileyibhile. Emva kwexesha lonyango elichaziweyo, tshintsha amanzi uze ufake ikhabhoni entsha, emva koko ubeke esweni intlanzi enyangwayo nenkqubo engundoqo ngokwahlukeneyo.
Ngaphambi kokugalela, bhala phantsi ingxaki, imveliso echanekileyo noxinano lwayo, umthamo olinganisiweyo, ubude bexesha, nesicwangciso sokubeka esweni. Ukuba itheyibhile engasentla ithi ukuhambelana kwaso nasiphi na isilwanyana okanye isityalo esisetankini akwaziwa, loo mqolo uwodwa uyasithethelela isikhongozeli esahlukileyo. Gqiba ngokuhambelana ngaphambi kokuba amanzi ajike abe luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka.