Isiguquli soxinaniso lwemethylene blue: % ukuya kwi-mg/mL

Isinyibilikiso semethylene blue esiyi-1% w/v siqulethe i-10 mg/mL. Ileyibhile ethi “1%” kuphela ishiya umbuzo obalulekileyo ungaphendulwanga: yigram enye kwi-100 yeemililitha zesinyibilikiso, okanye yigram enye kwi-100 yeegram? Eyokuqala iguqulelwa ngqo kwi-mg/mL. Eyesibini ifuna ingxinano yesinyibilikiso.

Vula isiguquli soxinaniso ukuze ufake isiseko esichazwe kwileyibhile, uxinaniso, nomthamo olinganisiweyo. Esi sixhobo sisebenza kwisikhangeli sakho kwaye sinokugcinwa ukuze sisetyenziswe ngaphandle kweintanethi. Sibala ubunzima bomchiza namaxabiso alinganayo kwiiyunithi ezahlukeneyo. Asikhethi idosi yomntu, indlela yokuyinika, okanye ishedyuli yonyango. Loo mibuzo ifuna uvavanyo olwahlukileyo, oluchazwe kwinqaku elithi kutheni uxinaniso lungesosindululo sedosi.

Funda idinomineyitha phambi kwenani

Uxinaniso luchaza ukuba lingakanani icandelo elikhoyo xa lithelekiswa nesixa esithile somxube. Idinomineyitha imisela intsingiselo yenani. I-NIST yahlula uxinaniso ngokobunzima kuxinaniso ngokwesixa sento: i-mg/mL ichaza ubunzima kumthamo ngamnye, ngoxa i-mol/L ichaza isixa somchiza kumthamo ngamnye. Le yimilinganiselo eyahlukeneyo.

Kwesi siguquli, sebenzisa ezi nkcazelo zamaxabiso afakwayo:

Igalelo	Intsingiselo	Into omawuyifake
Ipesenti w/v	Iigram zecandelo elikhankanyiweyo kwi-100 mL yesinyibilikiso sokugqibela	Faka `1` xa iyi-1%, hayi `0.01`
Ipesenti w/w	Iigram zecandelo elikhankanyiweyo kwi-100 g yesinyibilikiso sisonke	Faka ipesenti nengxinano yesinyibilikiso nge-g/mL
mg/mL	Iimiligram zecandelo elikhankanyiweyo kwimililitha nganye yesinyibilikiso	Faka ngqo uxinaniso ngokobunzima oluchaziweyo
Umthamo olinganisiweyo	Umthamo wesinyibilikiso esivavanywayo	Faka i-mL; i-100 µL yi-0.1 mL
Umthamo wethontsi oqinisekisiweyo ngomlinganiselo	Umthamo ongumndilili olinganisiweyo okhutshwa lithontsi elinye	Faka i-mL/drop kuphela xa isaziwa ngolo lwelo nangeso sixhobo sokukhupha

Iinkcazelo zezinyibilikiso ze-EMD Chemicals zahlula ngokucacileyo i-w/v, i-w/w, ne-v/v. Esi sibali asiyamkeli ipesenti ye-v/v, echaza umlinganiselo wemithamo kwaye engenakuguqulelwa kubunzima bento enyibilikisiweyo kusetyenziswa ipesenti kuphela.

Guqula ipesenti ye-w/v ibe yi-mg/mL

Kwipesenti echaziweyo p esekelwe kwi-w/v:

Concentration in mg/mL = p × 10

Isiphindaphindi esingu-10 sivela ekuguquleni iiyunithi: iigram eziyi-p kwi-100 mL zilingana neemiligram eziyi-p × 1,000 ezahlulwe nge-100 mL. Ukuguqula kwelinye icala, yahlula i-mg/mL ngo-10.

Uxinaniso oluchaziweyo	Uxinaniso ngokobunzima olulinganayo	Ubunzima kwi-0.25 mL
0.1% w/v	1 mg/mL	0.25 mg
0.5% w/v	5 mg/mL	1.25 mg
1% w/v	10 mg/mL	2.5 mg
2% w/v	20 mg/mL	5 mg

Le yimizekelo yokubala, ayizozixa ezicetyiswayo ukuba zinikwe umntu. Qaphela ukuba ukuphinda kabini uxinaniso kuphinda kabini ubunzima kumthamo ofanayo. Umyalelo womthamo awunakusetyenziswa kwizinyibilikiso ezinoxinaniso olwahlukileyo ngaphandle kokujonga uxinaniso.

“Isinyibilikiso sokugqibela” naso sibalulekile. Inkcazelo ethi igram enye kwi-100 mL ichaza umthamo opheleleyo emva kokunyibilika. Ayithethi ukongeza igram enye kwi-100 mL yamanzi esele ilinganisiwe. Kumsebenzi wokulungiselela isinyibilikiso, umthamo wokugqibela sisixa ekusekelwa kuso.

Guqula ipesenti ye-w/w usebenzisa ingxinano yesinyibilikiso

Kwipesenti p esekelwe kwi-w/w nakwingxinano yesinyibilikiso ρ nge-g/mL:

Concentration in mg/mL = p × 10 × ρ

Masithi isinyibilikiso esicingelwayo siyi-1% w/w kwaye ingxinano yaso ebhaliweyo yi-1.05 g/mL. Imililitha enye inobunzima obuyi-1.05 g. Ipesenti enye yobo bunzima yinto enyibilikisiweyo ekhankanyiweyo: i-0.0105 g, okanye 10.5 mg. Ngoko uxinaniso lwaso ngokobunzima yi-10.5 mg/mL, elingana ne-1.05% w/v.

Ingxinano ekuloo mzekelo yenzelwe ukucinga kuphela. Ayiloxabiso elilinganisiweyo lemveliso ye-Blupreme. Faka ingxinano yesinyibilikiso sokugqibela esikhoyo ngokwenene, kwiqondo lobushushu elifanelekileyo. Ingxinano yamanzi okanye yomgubo owomileyo wemethylene blue sisixa esahlukileyo. Ukuba ingxinano ayifumaneki, isiguquli sishiya ukubala kwe-w/w kungasonjululwanga endaweni yokufaka i-1 g/mL singachazanga.

Ukubala ubuyela kwipesenti, ipesenti ye-w/w ilingana ne-mg/mL eyahlulwe ngo-10 × ingxinano nge-g/mL. Oku kuchaza ukuba kutheni i-w/w ne-w/v zinokubonakala zinamanani afanayo kweminye imixube enamanzi enoxinaniso oluphantsi, nangona iinkcazelo zazo zingenakutshintshaniswa.

Bala ubunzima obukumthamo olinganisiweyo

Xa uxinaniso sele luchazwe nge-mg/mL:

Mass in mg = concentration in mg/mL × volume in mL

Inxalenye elinganisiweyo yaselebhu eyi-0.25 mL ethathwe kwisinyibilikiso esigciniweyo esiyi-5 mg/mL iqulethe i-1.25 mg yecandelo elikhankanyiweyo kwinkcazelo yoxinaniso. Igama elithi “aliquot” apha lithetha inxalenye elinganisiweyo yesinyibilikiso. Ubalo luthatha ukuba loo nxalenye imele isinyibilikiso esichaziweyo esixubeke ngokulinganayo.

Isixhobo sokulinganisa sisamisela ukuba ngaba i-0.25 mL ikhutshiwe ngokwenene. I-Eppendorf ichaza indlela iimpawu zolwelo neqondo lobushushu ezichaphazela ngayo ukusetyenziswa kweepayipethi ezinomqamelo womoya. Ubalo oluchanekileyo alunakulungisa isixhobo sokulinganisa esingafanelekanga, iqamza lomoya, okanye isikali esifundwe ngendlela engachanekanga. Isiphumo esiboniswe sinamanani amathandathu abalulekileyo sisiphumo samanani, asibobango lokuba umlinganiselo uchaneke ukuya kutsho kumanani amathandathu.

Kutheni kungekho nani lamathontsi elimiselweyo

Umbuzo othi “Mangaphi amathontsi aqulethe i-1 mg?” ufuna uxinaniso kunye nomthamo wethontsi ngalinye oqinisekisiweyo ngomlinganiselo. Igama elithi “ithontsi elinye” nenkangeleko yesixhobo sokuthontsiza azichazi loo mthamo.

Ukuba umthamo wethontsi ongumndilili olinganisiweyo ngu-d mL/drop:

Mass per drop = concentration × d

Kumzekelo ocacileyo ocingelwayo womthamo wethontsi oyi-0.04 mL/drop nesinyibilikiso esiyi-10 mg/mL, ubunzima obungumndilili yi-0.4 mg/drop. Ngokobalo, imiligram enye ilingana ne-2.5 yaloo mathontsi anomthamo ongumndilili. Eso siphumo sineqhezu asichazi isiqingatha sethontsi esinokukhutshwa ngokuthembekileyo kwaye asingomyalelo wokunika umntu isinyibilikiso.

Umsebenzi we-NIST kwisayensi yokulinganisa amathontsi umisela ubunzima nomthamo wamathontsi akhutshiweyo ngokuwalinganisa. Iziphumo zezixhobo zayo zokukhupha ezichane kakhulu azinakusetyenziswa kwisixhobo sokuthontsiza esisetyenziswa ngabathengi. Sebenzisa ulwazi lokuqinisekisa umthamo ngokulinganisa oluhambelana nolwelo, isixhobo sokukhupha, neemeko zokusebenza ezisetyenziswa ngokwenene. Shiya indawo yokufaka ekhethwayo ingenanto xa olo lwazi lungekho; isiguquli siza kuqhubeka sibala ubunzima sisebenzisa umthamo olinganisiweyo.

Gcina isiseko somchiza esikwileyibhile

Isiguquli sisebenzisa uxinaniso olufakiweyo kulo lonke ubalo. Asilulungisi ngokweziphumo zovavanyo lobunyulu bomgubo, asitshintshi phakathi kwesiseko somchiza onamanzi okubotshelelwa nesiseko somchiza ongenawo, asichongi ukungcola, kwaye asiqinisekisi ukuba isinyibilikiso sikulungele ukusetyenziswa okuthile. Khuphela inkcazelo epheleleyo yomchiza kuxwebhu olungumthombo xa ubhala isiphumo. Isikhokelo soxinaniso lwesinyibilikiso semethylene blue sichaza indlela yokuthelekisa iinkcazelo zoxinaniso phakathi kweemveliso.

Phambi kokusebenzisa isiphumo, bhala izinto ezintathu kunye: uxinaniso lokuqala nesiseko salo, umthamo olinganisiweyo, nobunzima obufunyenweyo. Yongeza ingxinano okanye ulwazi lokuqinisekisa umthamo wethontsi ngokulinganisa xa enye yazo isetyenzisiwe. Loo ngxelo yenza ukuba ubalo luphinde lwenziwe kwaye iveze iingqikelelo ezinokufihlwa linani lodwa.