Chinyorwa
Methylene blue neautizimu: zvakaedzwa chaizvo netsvakurudzo dzakataurwa
Methylene blue haisati yasimbiswa semushonga weautizimu. Zvinyorwa zvakaongororwa nokuda kwechinyorwa chino hazvisanganisi ongororo yevarwere ine boka rekuenzanisa inoratidza kuti methylene blue yoga inovandudza mabasa ezuva nezuva evanhu vane autizimu kana migumisiro ine chekuita neautizimu. Zvinosanganisira ongororo yemudziyo wechiedza, tsvakurudzo yemurabhoritari neyekucherechedza, uye mushumo wemurwere akapiwa marapirwo akawanda. Zvinyorwa izvozvo zvinopindura mibvunzo yakasiyana.
Danho rokutanga rinobatsira kuverenga chikamu chinotsanangura zvakaitwa muongororo yakataurwa. Chinyorwa chakabudiswa chinogona kutaura nezvemethylene blue pasina kuipa chero munhu akapinda muongororo. Munhu anogona kupiwa methylene blue nokuda kwechimwe chinetso cheutano chisina hukama neautizimu pasina kuti izvozvo zvive ongororo yekurapa autizimu.
Ongoro yechiedza haina kuyedza methylene blue
Ongoro ya2024 yakaisa vana vane makore maviri kusvika matanhatu mumapoka zvisina kurongwa uye ikaenzanisa kurapwa chaiko nekwekunyepedzera yakayedza transcranial photobiomodulation: chiedza chiri pedyo nechikamu cheinfrared chakaiswa paganda remusoro pachishandiswa mudziyo wakanga uchiongororwa. Vana makumi matatu vakapinda muchirongwa chemavhiki masere. Zvakaitwa muongororo iyi hazvina kusanganisira methylene blue.
Vatsvakurudzi vakashuma musiyano we7.23 mapoinzi pakati pemapoka mukuchinja kwezviyero zveChildhood Autism Rating Scale, paine muganhu wekuvimba we95% kubva pa2.357 kusvika pa12.107. Uyu waiva mugumisiro wechiyero chekuongorora wakabva muongororo diki. Hausimbisi kuti methylene blue ine zvainoita, ingava ichishandiswa yoga kana pamwe nechiedza. Vanyori vakataura zvaikanganisa kusimba kweongororo, kusanganisira vashoma vakapinda, kubuda kwevamwe nokutsiviwa kwavo, uye kusava nechokwadi pamusoro pemigumisiro yenguva refu.
Sei chinyorwa ichi chingataurwa mukukurukurirana nezvemethylene blue? Zvinyorwa zvachinotaura zvinosanganisira wongororo pamusoro pemashandiro edhayi iyi pakushandurwa kwezvinhu zvinopa simba mutsinga. Chinyorwa chinotaurwa chinotsigira tsananguro yezviri kutaurwa; hachichinji zvakapiwa vanhu vakapinda muongororo. Musiyano pakati pephotobiomodulation nemaitiro emakemikari emethylene blue anokonzerwa nechiedza unokosha pose apo chirongwa chinosanganisa zvinhu izvi chinoshandisa migumisiro yeongororo yakayedza chiedza chete.
Tafura yekutevera zvinotaurwa kusvika kutsvakurudzo
Shandisa tafura iyi kuenzanisa zvinotaurwa nechinyorwa chingataurwa sezvinotsigira. “Yakabudiswa” zvinoreva kuti inowanikwa, kwete kuti mashandiro ayo akaratidzwa.
| Zviri kuongororwa | Zvakaitwa kana kuyerwa chaizvo | Vanhu kana mhuka dzakashandiswa muongororo | Mugumisiro wakashumwa | Mamiriro ekubudiswa uye dudziro |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| “Ongoro yeautizimu inotsigira methylene blue.” | Chiedza chiri pedyo neinfrared chichienzaniswa nekurapwa kwekunyepedzera; pasina methylene blue | Vana 30 vane makore 2–6 | Kuchinja pachiyero cheautizimu; zviyero zveEEG zvekutanga kuongorora | Ongoro yemudziyo wechiedza yakabudiswa muna 2024; haigoni kusimbisa kushanda kwemushonga |
| “Methylene blue inopikisa zviratidzo zveautizimu zvine chekuita neendotoxin.” | Methylene blue yakabayiwa LPS isati yaiswa mumuviri kana maitiro asati aedzwa | Makonzo echirume aishandiswa semuenzaniso wedepression | Zvizhinji zvezvinetso zvemaitiro zvakanga zvakonzerwa zvakaderera; heme oxygenase-1 yakayerwa muserum | Kuyedza pamhuka kwakabudiswa paindaneti muna 2018 uye mumagazini ya2019; pasina migumisiro yevarwere vane autizimu |
| “Endotoxin ndiyo inokonzera autizimu.” | Kuyera endotoxin nezvinoratidza mashandiro emasoja emuviri muserum; pasina kurapwa | Vakuru 22 vakatsanangurwa sevane autizimu yakanyanya; vanhu 28 vakaenzaniswa navo | Endotoxin yakanga yakawanda uye yaiva nehukama nezviyero zvekudyidzana nevamwe | Ongoro yekucherechedza yakabudiswa muna 2010; haisimbisi chikonzero kana kubatsira kwekurapwa |
| “Zvakawanikwa pamitochondria zvinosimbisa kuti methylene blue inofanira kushandiswa.” | Zviyero zvemitochondria mumasero eropa; pasina kurapwa nemethylene blue | Vana 10 vane autizimu vane makore 2–5 uye vana 10 vekuenzanisa | Misiyano mukushanda kwemitochondria nezviyero zveDNA | Ongoro yekutanga kuongorora yakabudiswa muna 2010; pasina chiyero chemugumisiro wekushanda kwemushonga |
| “Mushumo wemurwere mumwe unoratidza kuti methylene blue inoshanda.” | Zvirongwa zvemishonga inorwisa utachiona zvaichinja uye zvaisanganisira methylene blue, pamwe nemaitiro ekutsigira utano | Munhu mumwe ari kuyaruka akaonekwa aine zvirwere zvakawanda | Kuchinja kwezviratidzo kwakanyorwa nemubereki uye kuvandudzika kwezviyero zvedzidzo | Mushumo wemurwere mumwe wakabudiswa muna 2023; haugoni kupatsanura zvakakonzerwa nemethylene blue |
| “Ongoro yaziviswa, saka kubatsira kwacho kwaratidzwa.” | Zviri kurongwa kuitwa zvinofanira kuongororwa muchirongwa chaicho cheongororo | Mitemo yekukodzera inotsanangura vanhu vari kutarisirwa kupinda | Zviyero zvemigumisiro zvakarongwa hazvisi migumisiro yakaonekwa | Kuzivisa kana kunyoresa chete hakupi mashoko emigumisiro yevarwere |
Zvinoratidzwa chaizvo nekuyedza endotoxin
Hurukuro yepaforamu inobatanidza methylene blue, autizimu, neendotoxin inoratidza kuti zvinotaurwa zvakasiyana zvinogona kubatanidzwa sei. Inopa mibvunzo yevaverengi, kwete humbowo hwekurapa vanhu.
Chimwe chinyorwa chine chekuita neizvi ndechekuyedza kwaYin nevamwe pamakonzo pamusoro pezvinetso zvemaitiro zvinokonzerwa neLPS. LPS, kana kuti lipopolysaccharide, yakashandiswa kukonzera kuzvimba mumuviri mumhuka dzaishandiswa semuenzaniso wedepression. Vatsvakurudzi vakapa methylene blue nejekiseni mukati medumbu LPS isati yaiswa kana maitiro asati aedzwa. Vakayera maitiro pakushambira kwekumanikidzwa nepakuremberedzwa nemuswe, kuda sucrose, kuziva zvinhu, uye chinhu chinoratidza mamiriro emuviri muropa.
Marongerwo iwayo anoongorora kana kupa mushonga zvisati zvaitika kuchichinja zvinoitwa nemuviri pakukuvadzwa kunokonzerwa nemaune muongororo. Haaongorori kana methylene blue inonwiwa ichibatsira munhu mukuru ane autizimu ari kunzwa kuneta, ichideredza zviratidzo zvemudumbu nemuura zvevana, kana kuti ichichinja autizimu. Haaedziwo kudya “kusina endotoxin” kana kuratidza kuti dhayi iyi inobvisa mabhakitiriya emuura anogadzira endotoxin.
Hukama hwakaonekwa muvanhu chinhu chakasiyana chakawanikwa. Emanuele nevamwe vakayera endotoxin muvakuru 22 vane autizimu nevanhu 28 vekuenzanisa, vakawana mwero wakakwirira muboka rine autizimu uye hukama nezviyero zvekudyidzana nevamwe. Hapana kurapwa kunoderedza endotoxin kwakaedzwa. Musiyano pakati pemapoka hausati watsanangura kuti chii chinokonzera chimwe, zvimwe zvinhu zvinobatsira pakukonzera musiyano iwoyo, kana kuti kuchinja chiyero ichocho kungabatsira chero munhu. Tsvakurudzo pamusoro pemethylene blue neutachiona hunogara muura inodawo kupatsanura zviyero zvezviri mumuviri nekubatsira kunoonekwa nevarwere.
Pfungwa dzemitochondria nemushumo wemurwere akapiwa marapirwo akawanda
Mitochondria inobatsira mukugadzirwa kwesimba mumasero. Izvozvo zvinoita kuti ive chinhu chine musoro kuongorora, asi chinhu chine musoro kuongorora hachisi chikonzero chakasimbiswa chekupa mushonga. Muongororo yekutanga kuongorora yaGiulivi nevamwe, vatsvakurudzi vakaenzanisa mitochondria iri mumasero anonzi lymphocytes kubva kuvana 10 vane autizimu neiya kubva kuvana 10 vekuenzanisa. Vakawana misiyano muzviyero zvakawanda zvekushanda uye zveDNA yemitochondria. Havana kupa methylene blue kana kusimbisa kuti pane chinetso chimwe chete chemitochondria chinowanikwa muvanhu vose vane autizimu.
Humwe humbowo hwakasiyana hunobva mumushumo wa2023 wemunhu ari kuyaruka akapiwa mishonga inorwisa utachiona. Methylene blue yaiva imwe yemishonga yakawanda yakaiswa muzvirongwa zvaichinja zvekurapa utachiona hwaifungidzirwa kuti hwakanga hwatapurirwa nezvipembenene kana zvimwe zvinotakura utachiona. Vanyori vakatsanangura kuvandudzika kwezviratidzo zvakanyorwa nemubereki nezviyero zvedzidzo. Pakanga pasina boka risina kurapwa rekuenzanisa, uye marapirwo akawanda akachinja nekufamba kwenguva. Mushumo uyu haugoni kutiudza zvaizoitika dai pasina kurapwa kana kuti ndechipi chikamu chakabatsira. Hausimbisi kuti utachiona ndiyo tsananguro yeautizimu muvanhu vose.
Tsanangura mugumisiro waunoda usati wafunga nezvekurapwa
Munhu ane autizimu ari kutsvaga zororo pakuneta, kutadza kurara, kurwadziwa, kuzvidya mwoyo, kana zviratidzo zvemudumbu nemuura anofanira kuongororwa chinetso ichocho chaicho. Kuvandudzika kwekurara kunogona kukosha zvikuru pasina kuratidza kuchinja kweautizimu pachayo. Ukuwo, kuchinja kwechiyero chemurabhoritari kungasava nechinoonekwa paupenyu hwemunhu.
Pachinhu chipi nechipi chitsva chinotaurwa, nyora mugumisiro uri kutsvakwa, kuti ndiani akauyera, wakafananidzwa nechii, uye kuti kuvandudzika kwakagara kwenguva yakareba sei. Patsanura zvinangwa zvemunhu pachake nemamiriro eupenyu hwake kubva pamafungiro emucherechedzi okuti munhu wacho ari kuita zvinoitwa nevamwe vakawanda. Kuongorora chirongwa chemethylene blue chepaindaneti kunorevawo kusimbisa kuti musanganiswa wacho wose wakaongororwa.
Chiziviso chinotsanangura tsvakurudzo iri kurongwa. Chinyorwa chiri murejista chinogona kutsanangura vanhu vari kurongwa kunyoreswa nemigumisiro iri kurongwa kuyerwa. Hapana chimwe cheizvi chinotsiva migumisiro inoratidza kuti vanhu vangani vakarapwa, zvakaitika muboka rimwe nerimwe, uye zviitiko zvipi zvisingadiwi zvakaitika. Kunyange ongororo yakanyorwa kuti yapera inogona kunge isina migumisiro yakashumwa pachena.
Mashoko azvino ekuUS ekushandisa ProvayBlue inopiwa mutsinga ane chekuita nemethemoglobinemia inowanikwa mushure mekuzvarwa, kusanganisira kushandiswa kuvana. Haapi chirongwa chekurapa autizimu. Anoyambira nezveserotonin syndrome yakakomba kana ichishandiswa nemishonga inokanganisa serotonin nemaopioid, uye anorambidza kushandiswa kune vanoshaya G6PD nokuda kwenjodzi yehemolytic anemia. Nyaya idzi dzinoda kuongororwa kwemishonga inoshandiswa nenhoroondo yeutano, kwete kuverenga huwandu hwemushonga paindaneti.
Usaderedza huwandu hwechirongwa chemishonga chekutsigira utano chevakuru uchichipa mwana. Humbowo pamusoro pemethylene blue muvana hunofanira kuenderana nechirwere chakaonekwa, kugadzirwa kwemushonga, nzira yekuupa, uye boka rezera. Tsvakurudzo dzakateverwa pano hadzisimbisi huwandu hwemethylene blue hweautizimu hwakanangana nevana kana kurapwa nemethylene blue kwekuneta kunowanikwa pamwe neautizimu.