Methyl blue haisi methylene blue: nhamba dzeCAS, maumbirwo, uye mashandisirwo

Mabhodhoro maviri ari pabhenji rebasa. Rimwe rakanyorwa kuti methyl blue. Rimwe racho rakanyorwa kuti methylene blue. Muverengi akaneta anoona shoko rimwe chete kaviri. Asi mukemisitiri aya mamorekuru maviri akasiyana.

Uku kuvhiringidzika kwemazita kune migumisiro pabasa. Kana ukaodha dhayi isiri iyo, kupenda kunoita zvakasiyana, chiratidzi cheredox hachioneki, kana kuti musanganiswa unenge uine komboni isina akamboongorora kuti yakakodzera. Mhinduro iri nyore: tora zita rinowanzozivikanwa sechiratidzo chinokutungamirira, asi shandisa chiziviso chemakemikari kuita sarudzo. Tarisa nhamba yeCAS, nhamba yeColour Index, uye chimiro chehydrate usati watarisa zvimwe zvose.

Mhinduro pfupi

Methylene blue idhayi diki yephenothiazine ine chaji yakanaka, C.I. 52015, yakavakwa ichitenderedza chromophore yakabatana zvakasimba ine mhete nhatu nemapoka maviri edimethylamino. Methyl blue idhayi hombe yetriarylmethane ine chaji yakaipa, C.I. 42780, yakavakwa kubva muzvikamu zvetriphenylmethane zvine mapoka esulfonate. Dziri muboka rimwe remavara uye dzine chikamu chezita chakafanana. Zvimwe zvadzakafanana pazviri zvinenge zvisipo.

Toluidine blue O iri pedyo zvikuru nemethylene blue. Dzose idhayi dzethiazine dzine chaji yakanaka, asi toluidine blue O ine boka rimwe reamino pamwe neboka remethyl rakabatana nemhete panzvimbo pane boka rechipiri redimethylamino mumethylene blue. Shanduko diki iyoyo inoshandura nzvimbo yepamusoro-soro yekutorwa kwechiedza uye kusarudza kwayo zvainopenda, saka idzi mbiri hadzigoniwo kutsivana.

Tafura yekuzivisa: tarisa mashoko aya paodha imwe neimwe

Mazita ari mumakatarogu anochinja. Vatengesi vanoshandisa mamwe mazita vachireva zvinhu zvakasiyana. Mashoko ari pasi apa haachinji, uye chitupa chekuongorora chakanyatsogadzirwa chinoanyora. PubChem inonyora methylene blue semethylthioninium chloride, C.I. Basic Blue 9, inova ndiyo hwaro hwezvose zvinotevera.

Mashoko maviri ari mutafura iyi ndiwo anokonzera zvikanganiso zvizhinji pakutenga. Chekutanga, methylene blue ine nhamba dzeCAS dzakati wandei dzezvimiro zvakasiyana zvehydrate, uye 122965-43-9 inoreva hydrate isina kudomwa kwete trihydrate chaiyo (7220-79-3), sezvinoratidzwa mukubatanidzwa kwezviziviso mumonograph yeUSP. Kuyera uchishandisa huremu hwefomura isiri iyo kunoshandura, pasina kuoneka, kuwanda kwemakemikari mumusanganiswa kunoverengwa pashure pese. Chechipiri, runyorwa rwemamwe mazita etoluidine blue O rwemumwe mutengesi rune mashoko anoti Methylene Blue T50, zvinoreva kuti kutsvaga mukatarogu nezita chete kunogona kukuunzira dhayi yakasiyana zvachose.

Maumbirwo anotsanangura maitiro

Fungidzira machromophore maviri ari padivi nepadivi, uye kuvhiringidzika kunopera. Methylene blue yakavakirwa pahurongwa hwephenothiazinium: mhete nhatu dzakabatana, dzine sulfur nenitrogen mumhete yepakati uye boka redimethylamino kumucheto mumwe nomumwe. Chinhu chine ruvara ication yemethylthioninium ine chloride ion inopikisana nechaji yayo. Idiki, yakati sandara, ine chaji yakanaka, uye inogona kubatana nezvikamu zvemasero zvine chaji yakaipa.

Methyl blue ine uremu hunenge huviri nehafu hwayo. Ruvara rwayo runobva pahwaro hwetriphenylmethane hune mapoka eanilino phenyl akabatanidzwa nesulfonate, uye inopiwa semunyu wedisodium. Mapoka iwayo esulfonate anoita kuti ive dhayi yeasidhi ine chaji yakaipa, inova chaji inopikisana neyemethylene blue, uye inokwezvwa nematishu akasiyana zvachose. Apo methylene blue inopinda mumasero uye ichiita kutenderera kweredox, methyl blue inoshandiswa kupenda collagen nematishu anobatanidza uye seCotton Blue mukugadzirira sampuli dzefungi, sezviri munzira dzekushandisa lactophenol cotton blue. Kutsiva imwe neimwe hakupi mugumisiro wakafanana asi usina kusimba. Kunoita kuti kuyedza kwacho kuve kwakasiyana.

Toluidine blue O inochengeta hwaro hwephenothiazinium, saka maitiro ayo akada kufanana neaya emethylene blue asi haana kunyatsofanana. Kutora kwayo chiedza kwakanyanya kuri pedyo ne626 nm, zvichienzaniswa nemethylene blue iri paanenge 660 kusvika 665 nm, uye kupenda kwayo zvikamu zvematishu zvine asidhi neruvara rwakasiyana nerwayo (magranule emasero emast, mucin, shwashwa, zvimiro zvakapfuma munucleic acid) kunotevera kusarudza kwayo kunotsanangurwa muongororo dzezvidzidzo zvematishu. Rabhoritari inotsiva methylene blue neTBO inofanira kutarisira kusanduka kwemaitiro ekutora chiedza uye musiyano pakuoneka kwezvikamu, kwete chinotsiva chakachipa chine maitiro akafanana.

Dhayi imwe neimwe inoshandiswei chaizvo

Methylene blue yakatanga sedhayi yemicheka, ndokuzoshandiswa muzvidzidzo zvemabhakitiriya, zveropa, uye mukuongorora nemakorosikopu, rwendo rwakapfupikiswa muzvinyorwa zvenhoroondo yayo. Basa rayo rechipiri nderekemisitiri: chimiro chayo chine oxidation chine ruvara rwebhuruu uye leucomethylene blue iri muchimiro chereduction inenge isina ruvara, izvo zvinoita kuti ishande sechiratidzi cheredox. Basa rayo rechitatu nderemishonga. Methylthioninium chloride ndiyo mushonga unopiwa netsamba yachiremba PROVAYBLUE, unoshandiswa paacquired methemoglobinemia, uye basa iroro rezvokurapa ndiro rinokwidziridza zvinodiwa pakuchena kwayo kupfuura giredhi rekupenda sampuli kana micheka. Mashandiro emethylene blue sedhayi yeredox anotsanangura mashandiro ari seri kwemashandisirwo aya.

Methyl blue haina kumbofamba rwendo irworwo. Inoramba iri dhayi yepapepa, micheka, matehwe, uye kuongorora nemakorosikopu: dhayi yekupenda yakapihwa chitupa chekupenda collagen munzira dzematishu anobatanidza dzerudzi rweMallory, chinotsiva fast green mumhando dzakasiyana dzeGomori trichrome, uye dhayi yekupenda fungi muzvidzidzo zvefungi. Zvimwe zvigadzirwa zvemethyl blue zvine chiyero chekuratidza pH chiri pakati peanenge 9.4 kusvika 14. Hapana pane izvozvo chinoita kuti ive mushonga unoshanda neredox, uye hapana chitupa chekupenda chinoishandura kuti ive iwoyo.

Toluidine blue O inonyanya kuva dhayi yekupenda zvinhu zvipenyu, inokwanisa kupenda zvimwe zvinhu neruvara rwakasiyana nerwayo, ichishandiswa muzvidzidzo zvematishu nezvezvipenyu zvidiki. Inoshandiswawo yakazvimirira mukurapa sedhayi inopenda matishu mapenyu, ichibatsira kuratidza miganhu yenzvimbo dzemumuromo dzinofungidzirwa kuti hadzina kumira zvakanaka sampuli isati yatorwa kuti iongororwe. Inobatsira pakusarudza nzvimbo dzekutora sampuli, kwete kutsiva kuongorora matishu kuti paonekwe zvirwere. Munhu wose anoenzanisa toluidine blue nemethylene blue nechinangwa chekuongorora chirwere kana kugadzira musanganiswa anofanira kuenzanisa maitiro ekutora chiedza, matishu anonangwa, uye magwaro egiredhi, kwete mazita.

Mazita akada kufanana anonyengera vatengi

Pane mamwe mazita matatu anofanira kuiswa parunyorwa rwekuongorora. New Methylene Blue N haisi methylene blue. Ndiyo C.I. 52030 (CAS 1934-16-3), phenothiazine yakawedzerwa mapoka eethyl uye mapoka emethyl pamhete, inoshandiswa muzvidzidzo zvematishu nezveropa, uye nzira dzekupenda nenew methylene blue dziri mumabhuku adzo akasiyana. Azure B iri pedyo zvikuru: imhando yakada kufanana nemethylene blue yakabviswa boka rimwe remethyl paN (CAS 531-55-5, C.I. 52010). Inovawo chimwe chezvinhu zvikuru zvinobva pakushandurwa kwemethylene blue mumuviri uye chinhu chisiri chinangwa chakanyorwa kuti chinowanikwa mumethylene blue, ndosaka chirongwa cheUSP chichibatanidza chinhu chekuyananisa chemethylene blue neAzure B standard. Ukama pakati pezviviri izvi, uye chikonzero nei kuongorora zvinhu zvisiri chinangwa kuchikosha, zvinotsanangurwa muAzure B sechinhu chisiri chinangwa uye chinobva mukushandurwa mumuviri. Crystal violet, dzimwe nguva inotengeswa nezita rekare rekuti gentian violet, idhayi yetriarylmethane (CAS 548-62-9, C.I. 42555) isina mhete yethiazine zvachose.

Simbisa kuti chinhu chacho ndechipi mari isati yabhadharwa

Tsananguro yakasimba yezvinodiwa pakutenga inodoma kemikari chaiyo, nhamba yeCAS, nhamba yeC.I., chimiro chehydrate, uye giredhi, yobva yazvisimbisa ichishandisa chitupa chekuongorora kwete chinyorwa chiri pamberi pebhodhoro. Nzvimbo yekutorwa kwechiedza kwakanyanya inzira inokurumidza uye yakazvimirira yekutarisa: methylene blue pedyo ne665 nm, toluidine blue O pedyo ne626 nm, methyl blue pedyo ne595 kusvika 605 nm mumamiriro ane asidhi akatsanangurwa kuti ishandiswe maari. Kukwira kwekutora chiedza panzvimbo isiri iyo kunoreva dhayi isiri iyo, pasinei nezvinotaurwa nebhodhoro.

Magwaro egiredhi anopindura mubvunzo wakasiyana newekuti kemikari yacho ndeipi. Chitupa cheBiological Stain Commission chinoongorora batch chaiyo kuti ine dhayi yakawanda sei uye kuti inopenda sei, izvo zvinokosha kana chinangwa chiri chekuti kupenda kudzokororwe kuchipa mugumisiro wakafanana. Kutevedzera USP kunobata kuzivikanwa kwemushonga, kuchena, tsvina yemakomboni eorganic, zvinonyungudutsa zvakasara, tsvina yemhando dzemaelementi, uye kudzora utachiona, izvo zvinokosha kana chinhu chacho chichizopinzwa mumuviri. Zvirongwa zviviri izvi zvine zvinangwa zvinopindirana asi zvinosiyana pane zvazvinoongorora, saka chitupa chimwe hachigoni kutsiva chimwe.

Apa ndipo panova nekutenga zvinhu zvemhando yepamusoro kuchionekwa pachena. Kuchena kwepamusoro kunokosha nokuti methylene blue isingatevedzeri USP inowanzova yegiredhi remicheka, iine tsvina yakadai seAzure B, simbi dzinorema, kana zvinonyungudutsa zvakasara zvisingaongororwi nenzira ipi neipi yekupenda sampuli. Vatengesi vakawanda vanoti vanotevedzera USP vanongoyedza simbi dzinorema chete vozviti zvapera. Kutevedzera zvizere kunobata kuzivikanwa kwechinhu, kuyerwa kwehuwandu hwekemikari iri kudiwa, tsvina yemakomboni eorganic, zvinonyungudutsa zvakasara, tsvina yemhando dzemaelementi, zvinosara pakupiswa, miganhu yeutachiona, uye maendotoxin emabhakitiriya. Maitiro ekusarudza methylene blue yegiredhi remishonga anotsanangura maverengerwo emagwaro iwayo. Blupreme inoshanda nemugadziri wemethylene blue yemishonga, inoiyedza maererano nezvose zvinodiwa neUSP, uye inobudisa COA yakazara, zvinova ndizvo zvinorehwa pakushanda netsika yekunyatsosimbisa kuzivikanwa kwechinhu inokurudzirwa nechinyorwa chino.