Methylene Blue pa Nsomba za mu Akwariyamu: Ntchito ndi Malire

Methylene blue ili ndi ntchito zapadera posamalira akwariyamu, makamaka pa mazira a nsomba ndi mavuto ena akunja kwa thupi. Kaya ndi yoyenera mu ndondomeko yanu yochizira zimadalira zinthu zitatu: vuto la nsombazo, zomwe zilidi m'botolo, ndi malo amene chithandizo chidzachitikire.

Chidebe chopanda zokongoletsera chokhala ndi mazira ndi akwariyamu yokhala ndi zomera ndi nsomba za mitundu yosiyanasiyana ndi malo osiyana ochizira. Malangizo olembedwera malo amodzi sangagwiritsidwe ntchito pa ena chifukwa chongoti onse ali ndi madzi ndi nsomba. Yambani ndi vuto ndi dongosolo la akwariyamu musanawerenge kuchuluka kwa mankhwala.

Zomwe mankhwala a akwariyamu apangidwira kuchita

Zambiri za mankhwala a methylene blue a Kordon zimafotokoza mankhwala osungunulidwa m'madzi a 2.303% oletsa bowa pa mazira a nsomba ndi matenda a bowa apamwamba pa thupi, komanso ntchito zina polimbana ndi zamoyo zina za selo limodzi zakunja kwa thupi. Zimafotokozanso kuthandiza pamene zatsimikizika kuti nsomba zavulala ndi poizoni wa nitrite kapena cyanide. Wopanga sanaphatikizepo matenda a mabakiteriya, nyongolotsi za flukes, Oodinium, ndi matenda a bowa oopsa kwambiri pa mavuto amene mankhwalawa apangidwira. Awa ndi mankhwala a nsomba zokongoletsa, osati a nsomba zodyedwa kapena oti anthu amwe.

Malire amenewa ndi ofunika. “Mankhwala a nsomba” ndi gulu la mankhwala, osati dzina la vuto lomwe lapezeka. Wosunga nsomba amene amatchula chilichonse choyera chomera pa nsomba kuti ndi bowa angasankhe mankhwala amene ntchito yake siyikugwirizana ndi vuto lenileni. Buku lofotokoza methylene blue pa mazira a nsomba limakhudza ntchito yapadera imeneyo; kuyerekezera njira zochizira za mu akwariyamu kumafotokoza chifukwa chake mankhwala ena sangosinthanitsidwa.

Unikani madzi musanatanthauzire zizindikiro

Nsomba zingapo zikayamba kudwala, lembani mitundu yomwe yakhudzidwa, nthawi imene kusinthako kunayamba, ndi zomwe zasintha posachedwapa: kuwonjezera nsomba, kudyetsa, kusintha madzi, zida, kapena chithandizo. Musagwiritse ntchito zomwe mwaona potchula dzina la matenda musanaunike malo amene nsombazo zikukhala.

Buku la UF/IFAS losamalira thanzi la nsomba limalimbikitsa kuunika madzi choyamba nsomba zikaoneka kuti zikudwala. Zinthu zochepa zofunika kuyeza pakabuka vuto ndi mpweya wa oxygen wosungunuka m'madzi, ammonia, nitrite, ndi pH. Kufunafuna mpweya pamwamba pa madzi, kudzikanda pa zinthu, kapena kusowa mphamvu zimasonyeza vuto koma sizidziwitsa chifukwa chake. Zilonda, kuvutika kupuma kosaleka, kapena kufa kwa nsomba kopitirirabe kumafuna kuunikidwa mwamsanga ndi dokotala wa nyama za m'madzi kapena katswiri wa thanzi la nsomba.

Akwariyamu yooneka yoyera ingakhalebe ndi ammonia. UF/IFAS imafotokoza kuti ammonia ilibe mtundu kapena fungo ngakhale ili pa kuchuluka kovulaza nsomba, komanso kuti kutanthauzira kuchuluka konse kwa ammonia kumafuna kudziwa kutentha ndi pH. Utoto sungalowe m'malo mwa miyeso imeneyo. Mwachitsanzo, ngati chosefera chasiya kugwira ntchito, kusankha mankhwala sikubwezeretsa mphamvu yothetsera zonyansa yomwe yatayika.

Nitrite, nitrate, ammonia, ndi kuchepa kwa mpweya wa oxygen wosungunuka m'madzi ndi mavuto osiyananso. Kufotokoza za methylene blue ndi poizoni wa nitrite mu nsomba kumasiyanitsa mmene zimakhudzira magazi ndi kukonza madziwo.

Ndondomeko yopangira zisankho za akwariyamu

Tsatirani mizereyi motsatizana. Mawu akuti “imani” akutanthauza kuti zambiri zofunika posankha chithandizo zikusowa, osati kuti nsomba zisiyidwe popanda chisamaliro.

Chisankho	Ngati inde	Ngati ayi kapena sizikudziwika
1. Kodi madzi ndi kulephera kwa zida komwe kumafuna kuchitapo kanthu mwamsanga zawunikidwa?	Lembani zotsatira ndipo pitirizani.	Yesani madzi ndi kuthetsa vuto losamalira nsomba lomwe likufunika kuchitapo kanthu nthawi yomweyo; pemphani thandizo mwamsanga ngati nsomba zikungoipiraipira.
2. Kodi vuto lomwe lapezeka likugwirizana ndi ntchito za mankhwalawa mu akwariyamu?	Onani mtundu wa nsomba ndi gawo la moyo wake zimene mankhwalawa apangidwira.	Imani kusankha mankhwala ndipo pezani vuto lenileni.
3. Kodi dzina lenileni la mankhwala, kuchuluka kwa chinthu chogwira ntchito, ndi malangizo akuwerengeka?	Lembani kapangidwe ka mankhwala ndi njira yeniyeni yochizira.	Musagwiritse ntchito mlingo wa botolo lina kapena njira yopezeka pa intaneti m'malo mwake.
4. Kodi thanki yomwe mukufuna kugwiritsa ntchito ingakwaniritse zofunikira za kuyenerana zolembedwa pa chizindikiro?	Konzani njira yolowetsera mpweya m'madzi, kuyang'anira, ndi kusamalira zida.	Unikani dongosolo lapadera lochizira kapena njira ina yoyenera limodzi ndi katswiri.
5. Kodi kuchuluka kwenikweni kwa madzi ochizira kukudziwika m'mayunitsi amene chizindikiro chimagwiritsa ntchito?	Gwiritsani ntchito kuchuluka kumeneko motsatira malangizo a mankhwalawo.	Yezerani musanakonze madzi ochizira.
6. Kodi pali ndondomeko yomveka yoyang'anira ndi yomaliza chithandizo?	Lembani kusintha komwe kwaoneka ndipo tsatirani njira yotchulidwayo.	Fotokozani bwino nthawi, kuchotsa mankhwala, kuyang'anira, ndi nthawi yofunira thandizo lina musanayambe.

Ndondomekoyi imagwirizanitsa zisankho zitatu zomwe nthawi zambiri zimapangidwa payokha: kusankha chithandizo, kudziwa kuchuluka kwake m'madzi, ndi kusankha malo amene nsomba zidzakhale ndi mankhwalawo. Kutsimikizira kuti kuchuluka kwa mankhwala ndi kolondola sikungakwaniritse kusowa kwa chitsimikizo cha vuto lenileni.

Kuchuluka kwa mankhwala m'botolo si kuchuluka kwake mu akwariyamu

Peresenti yolembedwa pa botolo imafotokoza kuchuluka kwa mankhwala mu madzi a m'botolomo. Malangizo ochizira amafotokoza kuchuluka kwa madzi a mankhwalawo komwe kumalowetsedwa m'madzi ochuluka monga atchulira, pansi pa mikhalidwe yotchulidwa. Izi ndi miyeso yosiyana.

Monga chitsanzo chosavuta cha masamu, ganizirani madzi awiri a mankhwala ongoyerekeza olembedwa 1% ndi 2%, pogwiritsa ntchito maziko ofanana owerengera kuchuluka kwake. Miyeso yofanana ya madzi a mankhwala a 2% imakhala ndi utoto wowirikiza kawiri. Kuyerekezera kumeneko sikunena kuti nsomba inayake iyenera kulandira kuchuluka kotani. Kumasonyeza chifukwa chake chiwerengero cha madontho chomwe munazolowera sichingakhale malangizo ogwiritsidwa ntchito pa mankhwala onse.

Lembani pamodzi dzina la mankhwala, kuchuluka kwake, kuchuluka kwa madzi komwe kwayezedwa, yunitsi yoyezera madzi, ndi njira yomwe mukufuna kugwiritsa ntchito. Kumiza kwa nthawi yochepa ndi kukhala m'madzi a mankhwala kwa nthawi yaitali ndi njira zosiyana; musatenge kuchuluka kwa mankhwala kwa njira imodzi n'kukuphatikiza ndi nthawi ya njira ina. Buku lotanthauzira malangizo a mlingo wa methylene blue mu akwariyamu limafotokoza kusiyana kumeneku.

Thanki ndi mbali ya chithandizo

Kordon imachenjeza kuti mankhwalawa asagwiritsidwe ntchito m'madongosolo odalira kusefera pogwiritsa ntchito zamoyo, kuti angasokoneze kukula kwa zomera, komanso kuti amachotsedwa ndi khala lapadera losefera lotchedwa activated carbon ndipo amayamwidwa ndi zinthu zokhala ndi timabowo. Malangizo ake amakonda malo ochizira opanda zokongoletsera ndipo amachenjeza kuti silikoni ya akwariyamu ingasinthe mtundu mpaka kalekale. Werengani malangizo a pa botolo lomwe muli nalo limodzi ndi buku la kuyenerana ndi thanki komanso zamoyo zosungidwamo.

Pali chifukwa chomveka chotetezera kusefera pogwiritsa ntchito zamoyo. Zamoyo zosintha ammonia kukhala nitrite kenako nitrate zimakonza ammonia ndi nitrite; nsomba zimapitiriza kutulutsa zonyansa pamene zikusamalidwa. Chithandizo chimene chimasokoneza ntchitoyi chimabweretsa vuto lina loti lithetsedwe. Thanki yapadera imateteza akwariyamu yowonetsera nsomba kuti isakhudzidwe ndi mankhwala, koma si kuti imangopereka yokha madzi oyenera nsomba yodwalayo.

Malangizo a UF/IFAS pa mankhwala m'madongosolo obwezeretsanso madzi amalimbikitsa kupatula nsomba zomwe zakhudzidwa kuti zichizidwe ngati kuli kotheka, ndipo amafotokoza kuti zotsatira za mankhwala zimadalira mmene nsomba zimakhalira ndi mankhwalawo komanso mikhalidwe ya dongosololo. Sungani zida zochizira payokha ndipo konzani kuyang'anira, kulamulira kutentha, ndi kulowetsa mpweya m'madzi. Musaganize kuti malangizo a nsomba zokha amatsimikizira kuyenerana ndi nkhanu zazing'ono za m'madzi, nkhono, korali, kapena mtundu uliwonse wa nsomba.

Kugwiritsa ntchito nthawi zonse kumafuna chifukwa

Madzi abuluu otumizira nsomba si umboni wakuti nsomba iliyonse yatsopano imapindula ndi kumizidwa m'madzi a mankhwala popewa mavuto. Mu zoyesera zomwe zinafotokozedwa ndi University of Florida Tropical Aquaculture Laboratory, methylene blue yogwiritsidwa ntchito pomiza nsomba popewa mavuto sinasinthe kuti zikhale bwino maonekedwe kapena khalidwe la nsomba zimene zinayesedwa. Kuyesa kwina pa kutumiza nsomba za mtundu wa velvet swordtail kunapeza kuti maonekedwe anali abwinoko nthawi yomweyo pogwiritsa ntchito methylene blue, koma patatha sabata maonekedwe a magulu omwe analandira chithandizo anali ofanana. Izi zinali njira zosiyana zokhalira ndi mankhwala ndi kuyang'anira zotsatira, osati malangizo oti azigwiritsidwa ntchito potumiza nsomba zonse.

Pa nsomba zatsopano, khazikitsani ndondomeko yozipatula ndi kuziyang'anira. Malangizo a UF/IFAS osamalira akwariyamu moyenera amaphatikiza kupatula nsomba, kusefera koyenera, zakudya, ndi madzi oyenera m'zochita za nthawi zonse zopewera matenda. Mankhwala ayenera kuthana ndi chosowa chomwe chadziwika mu ndondomeko imeneyo.

Musanagwiritse ntchito methylene blue, muzitha kutchula vuto lomwe mukufuna kuthetsa, mankhwala enieni amene mugwiritse ntchito, ndi mmene malo ochizira adzayang'aniridwire. Ngati yankho lililonse mwa amenewa likusowa, lipezeni musanasandutse madzi kukhala abuluu.