Te puru metilīni me te haumanu aho whero: te mātai matū-aho me ngā taunakitanga haumanu

Ka patopato ngā kaipānui tokorua i te puru metilīni me te haumanu aho whero ki tētahi pouaka rapu, engari he tauaro ō rāua whakaaro. Ka whakaaro tētahi ki tētahi papa aho whero e āwhina ana i ngā mitokōria kia pai ake te mahi, me tētahi waikano puru ka tāpirihia kia nui ake te pānga. Ka whakaaro tērā atu ki tētahi tukanga haumanu kiri, e whakahohe ai te aho i tētahi waikano hei whakangaro i tētahi mea kāore e hiahiatia. He ōrite ā rāua kupu. He rerekē ngā ariā e whakaahuatia ana, ā, he mea nui tēnei rangirua nā te mea ka taea e te aho me te waikano te tuku tohu ki tētahi pūtau, te whara rānei i taua pūtau.

Ko taua wehewehenga te kaupapa o tēnei arotake. Ka whakamahia e te whakarerekētanga koiora mā te aho, e kīia ana ko PBM, te aho whero, te aho pōkākā-tata rānei hei whakarerekē i ngā tohu nō roto tonu i te tinana, me te kore e tāpiri i tētahi matū whakatairongo-aho. Ka whakamahia ngātahitia e te haumanu whakaohonga-aho, e kīia ana ko PDT, ngā wāhanga e toru: te aho ki tētahi roangaru ka ngongohia e te matū whakatairongo, tētahi matū whakatairongo-aho pērā i te puru metilīni, me te hāora hei whakaputa wawe i te tini matū tauhohe e tūkino ai i te whāinga. I ngā kōrerorero tuihono, ka noho te haumanu aho whero me te puru metilīni ki ēnei taha e rua. Mā te mātai matū-aho e whakatau nō tēhea taha tētahi huinga motuhake.

Mā te ngongo aho e whakatau mēnā ka pāhekoheko te aho me te waikano

He kaha te ngongo a te puru metilīni waetahi i roto i te wai i te aho whero. Ko tōna tihi ngongo kei te takiwā o te 664 ki te 665 nm, ā, he pakihiwi kei te roangaru poto ake, tata ki te 610 nm, e tipu ana i te wā ka rāpoi ngātahi te waikano. Ko te whakarea tinei mōra kei te takiwā o te tihi he tata ki te 65,000 ki te 85,000 M-1 cm-1, koia i tino puru ai ngā wairewa he kukū moroiti-mōra. Ehara tēnei i te kōrero iti noa. Koinei te whakaritenga matua mō tētahi tauhohenga ka whakatairongotia e te aho.

Mā te ngongo aho e uru ai te waikano ki tētahi āhua takitahi poto te ora, kātahi ka whakawhiti ki tētahi āhua takitoru roa ake te ora. Kua pūrongotia he putanga takitoru tata ki te 0.5. I roto i tētahi wairewa kua tangohia te hāora, ka mau taua āhua takitoru mō ngā tekau hēkona moroiti. I tētahi wairewa whai hau, ka heke ki te 2 hēkona moroiti pea nā te mea ka tineia e te hāora. Ko te tineitanga te wāhi e wehe ai ngā ara matū-aho e rua.

I te matū Momo II, ka whakawhiti te waikano takitoru i te pūngao ki te hāora kei tōna āhua pūtake, ka whakaputa i te hāora takitahi. Ko tētahi putanga e whakahuatia whānuitia ana he tata ki te 0.52. I te matū Momo I, ka whakawhiti kē te waikano takitoru i tētahi irahiko, i te hauwai rānei, ki tētahi matū tauhohe, ā, ka puta ngā tuwhena, tae atu ki te superoxide me te hydroxyl. Ka taea e ngā ara e rua te mahi i te wā kotahi. E ai ki tōna whakamāramatanga, me whai hāora rāpoi te Momo II. Ka noho tonu te PDT tikanga hei pānga koiora e tino whakawhirinaki ana ki te hāora, ahakoa ka whai wāhi mai te Momo I.

Ko te hua whaihua he ture mō te roangaru. He pai te īnaki o te aho whero mai i te 630 ki te 680 nm pea ki te awhe ngongo o te waikano, ā, ko te 660 ki te 665 nm e tata ana ki te mōrahi o te waetahi. Nō reira ka taea e taua aho te kōkiri i te matū whakatairongo-aho i roto i te kiko he nui tonu te waikano. Ko te aho pōkākā-tata i te 810 nm kei waho rawa i taua awhe o te āhua pūtake, nō reira he roangaru ngoikore mō te whakaongaonga tika i te puru metilīni. Kaua e kīia ko te tukunga aho 810 nm me te puru metilīni he whakahohe i te waikano mā te aho. He tika ake kia whakaahuatia hei mahinga e rua ki ngā mitokōria e whakamahia ana i te wā kotahi. Mā taua rerekētanga e hanga te kōrero katoa i raro iho nei, ā, ka kōrerotia hoki mai i te taha matū i te tohutoro mō te matū o te puru metilīni.

E rua ngā ariā e whai pānga ana ki ngā mitokōria, engari he rerekē ngā tikanga mahi

Ka honoa ēnei huarahi e rua i tētahi arotake e whakahuatia whānuitia ana mō ngā mitokōria hei whāinga tiaki i ngā io, nā te mea ka pā tahi rāua ki te tukanga hā o ngā pūtau, ahakoa he rerekē ngā tīmatanga. I te tauira PBM tikanga, ko te matū ngongo aho e whakaarotia ana ko te cytochrome c oxidase i te Matatini IV. E ai ki te whakapae matua, ka whakatairanga ngā pūaho i te wehenga o te nitric oxide aukati i te whākōkī, e piki ai te rere irahiko me te hanga ATP. Me mau tonu te tapanga whakapae ki taua tauira. He iti tonu ngā whakaaturanga tika, nō reira me noho tūpato te whakapono ki tēnei.

He rerekē te mahi a te puru metilīni i roto i te pōuri. I te horopeta iti, ka mahi hei matū whakakōkī e hurihuri ana i ngā tauhohenga hāoratanga me te whakahekenga, hei kaikawe irahiko kē hoki. Ka whakaheke ngā nucleotide pyridine kua whakahekea i a ia hei puru leucometilīni, ka taea ai te tuku irahiko whakamua, ka huri anō. Mā tēnei ka tautokona te rere huri noa i ngā wāhanga kua ngoikore i waenganui i te Matatini I me te Matatini III, me te whakaiti i te turuturu irahiko. Kāore te ngongo pūaho a te waikano e whai wāhi ki taua whakamāramatanga. He matū tēnei, ehara i te matū-aho, ā, ka whakamāramatia te tukunga whakawhiti whānui ake i te tuhinga me pēhea te mahi a te puru metilīni hei kaiwhakawhiti irahiko.

Ka whakahokia mai e te PDT te wāhanga tuatoru. Ka whakaongaonga te aho i te matū whakatairongo, ka pāhekoheko taua matū ki te hāora me ngā matū tauhohe, ā, ko te whāinga he wharanga hāoratanga ki tētahi wāhi motuhake. Ka whakamahia e te PBM te aho whero, te aho pōkākā-tata rānei, ki te taumata kāore e whakamahana, hei whakarerekē i te pūngao koiora, me te kore e āta tāpiri i tētahi matū whakatairongo nō waho hei whakaputa ohorere i ngā matū whakamate pūtau. He hē te pepeha e mea ana ka hanga te PDT i te hāora tauhohe, engari kāore te PBM e pēnā. Ko te tino rerekētanga ko te matū whakamate pūtau kua whakatairongotia e te aho, tērā ki ngā tohu whakarerekē mahi. Kāore te horopeta anake e wehe i a rāua. I whakamahia e te PDT patu moroiti ki te tangata me te puru metilīni te 6 ki te 18 J mō ia cm tapawhā, he īnaki ki ngā uara PBM. Mā te noho mai o te matū whakatairongo, te roangaru ka ngongohia, te wā, te wāhi e pāngia ana, te nui o te hāora, me te whāinga e whakatau te momo mahinga. Mā te kohinga rangahau katoa mō te haumanu whakaohonga-aho e kitea tonutia ai aua tawhā mō ia whakamahinga haumanu.

He aha rawa ngā mea e whakaaturia ana e ngā rangahau kiore mō te huinga 810 nm

Ko ngā pepa rangahau huinga e rua e tino whakahuatia ana, ka whakamahi tahi i te aho 810 nm me te puru metilīni horopeta iti ki ngā kiore. Ko te take tonu e whai mōhiohio ai ēnei rangahau, he ngoikore te 810 nm ki te whakahohe tika i te waikano. Ka whakamātauria te whakakotahitanga o ngā tikanga mahi motuhake, ehara i te PDT puru metilīni.

I tētahi rangahau kiore mō te maimoatanga tōmua i mua i te whakakorenga moe, i whiwhi ngā kiore BALB/c toa 60 i te puru metilīni ia rā, 0.5 mg mō ia kg mō ngā rā tekau, i te taiaho 810 nm pupuhi ia rua rā, i ēnei mea e rua rānei, i mua i te whakakorenga moe. Nā te whakakorenga moe i ngoikore ai ngā mahi i te ara pōkaikaha T, ngā mahi pāpori, me ngā mahi pouaka whakawhiti, ā, i heke ai te GAP-43, te PSD-95, me te synaptophysin i te hippocampus. Kāore ngā maimoatanga takitahi i tino whai pānga ki te whanonga, engari he rerekētanga whai tikanga ā-tatauranga tō te maimoatanga tōmua whakakotahi i tō te rōpū i whakakorea ai te moe. He ārai tēnei i roto i tētahi tauira whakakorenga moe i āta whakatakotoria, ehara i te maimoatanga mō te ngoikoretanga o te tangata.

I tētahi rangahau mō te ahotea mauroa me te maimoatanga i taua wā tonu, i tukuna ngā kiore ki te ahotea māmā mauroa, me te whiwhi PBM 810 nm ki te 8 J mō ia cm tapawhā e toru ngā wā ia wiki, te puru metilīni ia rā ki te 0.5 mg mō ia kg, ēnei mea e rua rānei, mō ngā wiki e whā. I te rōpū whakakotahi, i tukuna te taiaho i te tuatahi, kātahi ka werohia te waikano e rua hāora i muri iho, kia kore rawa ai e whakamāramatia te kiko kua kī i te waikano. I whakahokia e ngā rōpū maimoatanga e toru ngā ngoikoretanga ako. Kāore te huinga i pai ake i te nuinga o ngā āhuatanga. Ko te painga tāpiri i kitea ko te nuinga mō te cortisol i te serum me ngā momo hāora tauhohe i te roro.

Kāore tētahi o ēnei pepa e whakatau i tētahi horopeta ā-waha mā te tangata, i tētahi tautuhinga pūrere mā te kaihoko, i tētahi wā āputa i waenganui i te rongoā me te aho, i tētahi wātaka mō te kāinga rānei. Ko tētahi he maimoatanga tōmua hei ārai i tētahi wharanga ka taea te matapae. Ko tērā atu he maimoatanga i te wā e whakaohohia ana te ahotea. Ki te whakawhānuihia ngā hua o tētahi ki te tango waikano i raro i tētahi papa aho whero, ka mahue katoa ngā taurangi nā rātou i whakatau te hua.

Ko ngā taunakitanga mō te kiri he PDT te nuinga, ehara i te PBM kua whakakaha ake

Ko ngā raraunga kiri tangata mō te puru metilīni me te aho, kei te taha PDT te nuinga. Ko ngā tauira ko tētahi whakamātautau hakihaki ki ngā tūroro 15, i whakataurite i ngā taha e rua o te kanohi, me te nanoemulgel puru metilīni paninga kiri me te taiaho diode 665 nm; ko ngā rangahau iti ake mō te hidradenitis me te aho pupuhi kaha 630 nm, te LED 635 nm rānei, me te puru metilīni; ko tētahi whakamātautau tupurangi mō ngā nawe i te 2025, i whakataurite i te PDT ngira moroiti me te waikano 0.1 ōrau ki te 1 ōrau; me tētahi kawa 2026 mō ngā whewhe waewae mate huka, i whakamahi i te taiaho 660 nm me te waikano 1 ōrau. Ka hui ngā roangaru ki te wāhi e ngongo ai te waikano. Ko te whāinga he whakangaro, he whakahou rānei i te kiko ki tētahi wāhi motuhake. He paninga kiri, he werohanga ki roto i te wāhi kua pāngia rānei te takanga, ehara i te tukunga puta noa i te tinana.

He mea nui taua anga ki ngā kaipānui tiaki kiri. He tuhinga rangahau motuhake mō te waikano horopeta iti anake me ngā pūtau hanga muka, ā, he tuhinga rangahau motuhake mō te aho whero anake me ngā patunga. Engari, tae noa ki te mutunga o te 2026, kāore he whakamātautau ki te tangata kua arotakengia e ngā hoa mātanga, e whakamātau ana i te waikano ā-waha ka pā puta noa i te tinana me te PBM whero hei mahinga whakakotahi kotahi mō te kiri, mō te hinengaro rānei. Ko ngā taunakitanga mō ia wāhanga anake ehara i te taunakitanga mō te huinga.

He aha i kore ai te roangaru hototahi e noho hei kawa

Me whai whakautu tūpato te rerenga kōrero me pēhea te whakamahi i te puru metilīni me te haumanu aho whero, kaua ko tētahi tohutaka. Ko te ngongo aho e tohu ana anake ka taea te pāhekoheko. Ka whakawhirinaki hoki te putanga ki te kukū waikano, te takanga, te kaha aho ki ia horahanga me te pūngao aho ki ia horahanga, te wā āputa i waenganui i te rongoā me te aho, te nui o te hāora, me te hōhonutanga. I te 660 nm, mā te tāpiri waikano e huri ai tētahi tukunga aho āhua rite ki te PBM hei tukanga matū-aho e kōkirihia ana e te matū whakatairongo-aho. Koia ngā hua kiore 810 nm e kore ai e whakamana i te whakamahinga 630 ki te 680 nm a te kaihoko me te waikano i roto i te tinana.

Ka whakakaha ake te haumaru i taua rohe wehewehe. He whakatūpato whai taitapa tō te waikano rongoā whakahaunga mō te paitini serotonin ina whakamahia tahi me ngā rongoā e pā ana ki te serotonin me ētahi opioid. Kāore e whakaaetia te whakamahi ki te hunga he hapa whākōkī glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase. He pānga kino e mōhiotia ana te paitini nā te aho o te waikano ka pā puta noa i te tinana, ina koa ka tukuna te aho ki te kiko tata ki te mōrahi ngongo o te waikano. Ka whakawhirinaki te haumaru karu ki te roangaru, te kaha aho ki ia horahanga, me te momo pūtake aho. Kāore ngā mōhiti rā noa e whakakapi i te whakamarumaru kua tohua mō te pūrere. Ka whakamāramatia ēnei take i te aratohu haumaru me ngā pāhekohekotanga, ā, mā ngā mātanga haumanu ēnei e whakahaere, kaua mā ngā kawa kāinga.

Whakaingoatia te ariā i mua i te whakaingoa i te pūrere. Ki te kore he matū whakatairongo, ā, ko te pūngao koiora te whāinga, he PBM. Ki te whai waikano he kukū whai pānga, he roangaru ka ngongohia, he hāora, me te whāinga whakangaro, he PDT. Ko te puru metilīni me te 810 nm i ngā rangahau kiore kua whakaputaina he āhuatanga tuatoru: e rua ngā huarahi ki ngā mitokōria, kāore he whakahohe tika mā te aho. Mā te pupuri motuhake i ēnei āhuatanga e toru e ārai ai te hapa tino kitea i konei: te whakahua i te whakakorenga o ngā raru kiri mā te PDT hei taunakitanga ka whakakaha te waikano i te PBM, te whakahua rānei i te whakaoranga kiore i te 810 nm hei taunakitanga he kawa mō te hinengaro te papa 660 nm me te waikano.