Nkhani
Kodi methylene blue imachiza UTI? Zizindikiro, matenda, ndi mankhwala ophatikiza
Methylene blue yokha si mankhwala ovomerezeka kuti amachiza matenda oyambitsidwa ndi mabakiteriya m’njira ya mkodzo. Kupezeka kwake m’mankhwala ophatikiza a mavuto a mkodzo sikusonyeza kuti botolo la methylene blue yokha lidzachiza kutupa kwa chikhodzodzo, kuletsa kubwereranso kwa matenda, kapena kuchiza matenda a prostate. Kafukufuku wa odwala amene wafotokozedwa pansipa anayesa mankhwala ophatikiza ndipo pambuyo pake anawonjezera maantibayotiki.
Kusiyana koyamba kofunika kumvetsetsa ndi pakati pa kumva bwino ndi kuchiza chimene chikuyambitsa vutolo. Zonsezi n’zofunika. Mankhwala angachepetse kukokana kwa chikhodzodzo pamene mabakiteriya akadalipo; zizindikiro zingapitirirenso pamene matenda a mabakiteriya salinso chifukwa chake. Malangizo a NIDDK ochizira matenda a chikhodzodzo amasiyanitsa maantibayotiki ochizira matenda a mabakiteriya ndi mankhwala ochepetsa ululu komanso kuunika kwina pamene matenda sangatsimikizidwe.
Zimene zizindikiro za mkodzo zingatsimikizire
Kupsa pokodza, kufuna kukodza mwadzidzidzi, kukodza pafupipafupi, ndi kusamva bwino m’munsi mwa mimba zingachitike munthu ali ndi UTI. Komabe, zimafotokoza zimene munthu akumva, osati kuzindikira chifukwa chake. Cystitis imatanthauza kutupa kwa chikhodzodzo; mabakiteriya ndi chimodzi mwa zifukwa zake, pamene interstitial cystitis/matenda a ululu wa chikhodzodzo ndi vuto lina limene limafuna kuzindikiridwa mosiyana.
Kuowunika matenda a chikhodzodzo kumaphatikiza mbiri ya wodwala, kumuyeza, ndi mayeso oyenera. Kupenda mkodzo kungasonyeze zinthu monga maselo oyera a magazi ndi magazi. Mayeso okulitsa mabakiteriya kuchokera mu mkodzo amafufuza ngati mabakiteriya akukula ndipo angathandize kusankha maantibayotiki. Mayesowa amayankha mafunso osiyanasiyana, choncho mawu akuti “mayeso anga a mkodzo sanapeze vuto” afunika kufotokozedwa bwino: anali mayeso ati, anachitika liti, ndipo anagwirizana bwanji ndi mankhwala amene anagwiritsidwa ntchito?
Zizindikiro zopitirirabe pamene mayeso sanapeze vuto ziyenera kusamalidwa. Kusapezeka kwa mabakiteriya pa mayeso okulitsa mabakiteriya si chifukwa chonyalanyaza ululu, koma ululu pawokha sutsimikiziranso kuti pali matenda obisika. Chikalata chofotokoza maganizo a Urological Society of Australia and New Zealand chimavomereza kuti njira zozindikirira matenda zili ndi malire ndipo chimalimbikitsa kuunika munthu aliyense malinga ndi mmene alili. Zotsatira ziyenera kutanthauziridwa mogwirizana ndi zizindikiro ndi zinthu zina zimene zapezeka, osati kukhala chifukwa choyamba kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ophera tizilombo mobwerezabwereza popanda kuyang’aniridwa.
Kuchepetsa zizindikiro poyerekeza ndi kuchiza matenda
Gwiritsani ntchito kuyerekezera kumeneku popenda zimene zikunenedwa zokhudza chinthu china kapena pokambirana mmene wodwala wasinthira atalandira mankhwala. Kumasiyanitsa zimene zaonedwa ndi mfundo imene zingathandize kutsimikizira.
| Zimene zaonedwa kapena cholinga cha mankhwala | Zimene zingakuuzeni | Zimene sizingatsimikizire paokha |
|---|---|---|
| Kuchepa kwa kupsa, kufuna kukodza mwadzidzidzi, kapena kukokana kwa chikhodzodzo | Zizindikiro zachepa, ndipo zimenezi ndi zotsatira zofunika | Kuti mabakiteriya analipo poyamba kapena achotsedwa |
| Kupha kapena kuletsa mabakiteriya m’mikhalidwe ya labotale | Chinthu chimakhudza mabakiteriya m’mikhalidwe imene anayesera | Kuti mankhwala omwedwa amafika bwinobwino pamlingo wogwira ntchito m’njira ya mkodzo ya wodwala |
| Kusapezeka kwa mabakiteriya pa mayeso okulitsa mabakiteriya kuchokera mu mkodzo | Palibe kukula kwa mabakiteriya kofunika kulembedwa komwe kunapezeka m’mikhalidwe ya mayesowo | Chifukwa chake zizindikiro zikupitirirabe, kapena ngati chinthu chinachake chinachititsa zotsatirazo |
| Chithandizo chotsogoleredwa ndi katswiri wa zaumoyo cha UTI yoyambitsidwa ndi mabakiteriya | Chithandizo chikuyang’ana matenda amene aunikidwa, ndipo kuunikanso kumadalira mmene wodwalayo alili | Kuti vuto lililonse lam’tsogolo lidzakhala ndi chifukwa chomwecho kapena lidzafuna mankhwala omwewo |
| Mkodzo wabuluu kapena wobiriwira pambuyo pa methylene blue | Utotowo ungasinthe mtundu wa mkodzo | Kuphedwa kwa mabakiteriya, kupambana kwa chithandizo, kapena muyeso wa kuopsa kwa matenda |
Mwachitsanzo, munthu ayamba kumwa piritsi la mankhwala ophatikiza ndipo akunena kuti kukokana kwachepa madzulo omwewo. Umenewu ndi uthenga wothandiza wokhudza zizindikiro. Kuti tinene kuti methylene blue yachiza matenda, pali mafunso ena ofunika: kodi panali matenda, ndi zinthu zina ziti zimene zinali m’piritsilo, kodi maantibayotiki anagwiritsidwanso ntchito, ndipo chinachitika n’chiyani pa kuunikanso?
Chifukwa chake mankhwala ophatikiza ndi osiyana
Zolemba za kapisozi wa Uribel pa DailyMed zimafotokoza kuchepetsa zizindikiro zokwiyitsa za mkodzo. Zinthu zake zili ndi ntchito zosiyanasiyana zofotokozedwa:
| Chinthu chomwe chili m’mankhwala | Ntchito yofotokozedwa m’zolemba za kapisozi uyu |
|---|---|
| Hyoscyamine | Imamasula minofu yosalala kuti ichepetse kukokana |
| Phenyl salicylate | Imatulutsa salicylate yochepetsa ululu |
| Methenamine | Imatulutsa formaldehyde mu mkodzo wa asidi, zomwe zimapha kapena kuletsa mabakiteriya |
| Sodium phosphate monobasic | Imathandiza kusunga mkodzo uli wa asidi monga momwe methenamine imafunira kuti igwire ntchito |
| Methylene blue | Ili ndi mphamvu zochepa zophera tizilombo; ingasinthe mtundu wa mkodzo |
Zolembazi zimanena momveka bwino kuti FDA sinavomereze zolembazo kapena kutsimikizira kuti mankhwalawa ndi otetezeka komanso amagwira ntchito. Kupezeka pa DailyMed si satifiketi yovomereza mankhwala. Zinthu zophatikizidwa zimasiyanasiyana, choncho onani phukusi lenileni m’malo mogwiritsa ntchito tebulo limeneli pa mankhwala onse okhala ndi mayina ofanana. Kalozera wathu wa mankhwala ophatikiza a mavuto a mkodzo omwe ali ndi methylene blue amafotokoza kusiyana kwa mankhwalawa.
Methenamine ndi methylene blue ndi zinthu zosiyana. Malangizo a NICE pa UTI yobwerezabwereza amaphatikiza methenamine hippurate ngati njira yopewera matenda kwa odwala osankhidwa, UTI iliyonse yomwe ilipo itachizidwa mokwanira. Malangizo amenewo satsimikizira kuti methylene blue imapewa matenda, kapena kuti mankhwala ophatikiza ochepetsa zizindikiro angalowe m’malo mwa methenamine hippurate.
Zimene kafukufuku wa mankhwala ophatikiza anayesadi
Kafukufuku wa 2020 wa Gama ndi anzake, wogawa odwala m’magulu mwachisawawa komanso wosadziwitsa odwala ndi ochita kafukufuku kuti aliyense ali m’gulu liti, unaphatikiza akuluakulu 288 omwe anali ndi kutupa kwa chikhodzodzo kobwerezabwereza; pafupifupi onse anali akazi. Unayerekezera methenamine ndi methylene blue zomwedwa ndi mankhwala ophatikiza okhala ndi zinthu zimenezo komanso acriflavine ndi belladonna. Panalibe gulu la methylene blue yokha ndipo panalibe gulu lopatsidwa mankhwala opanda chinthu chogwira ntchito.
Chotsatira chachikulu chimene anayeza chinali kusintha pa gawo la mafunso lokhudza kukodza mwachizolowezi pambuyo pa masiku atatu. Kusintha kunachitika mwa 69.4% ndi 72.2% ya maguluwo, motsatana, popanda kusiyana kwakukulu malinga ndi ziwerengero pakati pa maguluwo. Kenako anawonjezera maantibayotiki osankhidwa potengera zotsatira za mayeso okulitsa mabakiteriya pa masiku atatu omaliza a kafukufuku wa masiku asanu ndi limodzi.
Choncho, kafukufukuyu amapereka chidziwitso cha zizindikiro za m’kanthawi kochepa pamene mankhwala ophatikiza akugwiritsidwa ntchito moyang’aniridwa. Sangasonyeze payokha ntchito ya methylene blue, kutsimikizira kuti yokha imachotsa mabakiteriya, kapena kutsimikizira kupewa matenda kwa nthawi yaitali. Ndondomeko yake si ndondomeko yodzichizira kunyumba, ndipo zotsatira zake sizitsimikizira kuti imagwira ntchito pa matenda a prostate a mabakiteriya okhalitsa.
Ululu wa chikhodzodzo wopitirirabe, kutupa kwa prostate, ndi miyala
Zizindikiro zikabwereranso, kuunikako kuyenera kusiyanitsa matenda obwerezabwereza ndi vuto la zizindikiro lopitirirabe. Interstitial cystitis imazindikiridwa pounika zizindikiro ndi kuonetsetsa kuti palibe zifukwa zina, pogwiritsa ntchito mbiri ya wodwala, kumuyeza, ndi mayeso monga momwe zikuyenera. Sizizindikiridwa chifukwa chokha chakuti mayeso amodzi okulitsa mabakiteriya sanapeze mabakiteriya.
Kusiyana kumeneku n’kofunikanso kwa amuna omwe ali ndi ululu m’dera la chiuno, kupweteka pokodza, kapena “kutupa kwa prostate” komwe kumaoneka kuti sikutha. NIDDK imasiyanitsa kutupa kwa prostate koyambitsidwa ndi mabakiteriya ndi kutupa kwa prostate kokhalitsa, komwe nthawi zambiri sikumapezeka matenda oyambitsidwa ndi tizilombo. Vuto la ululu wokhalitsa m’dera la chiuno lingafune njira yosiyana ndi yochizira matenda otsimikizika a prostate. Zizindikiro za mkodzo kapena kusintha kwa kanthawi munthu atagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala sizizindikira tizilombo toyambitsa vutolo.
Zonena zokhudza miyala zimafuna umboni wina. Mwala wosaonekanso pa chithunzi chojambulidwa pambuyo pake sutsimikizira kuti methylene blue inausungunula, ndipo kusintha kwa ululu sikuyesa zinthu zimene mwalawo wapangidwa nazo kapena kukula kwake. Kuowunika ndi kuchiza miyala kumadalira makhalidwe a mwalawo. Kafukufuku wa mankhwala ophatikiza amene wafotokozedwa pamwambapa sanaphatikize anthu omwe anakhalapo ndi miyala ya impso. Sapereka umboni wa kusungunula miyala.
Pitani ndi uthenga umenewu pa nthawi yokumana ndi katswiri wa zaumoyo
Gwiritsani ntchito mndandanda umenewu kuti kuunika zizindikiro zobwerezabwereza kukhale kosavuta. Lembani zimene mwaona popanda kuganiza kale kuti vuto lililonse limayambitsidwa ndi mabakiteriya.
- Ndondomeko ya nthawi ya zizindikiro: tsiku loyamba, malo a ululu, kuchuluka kwa nthawi zokodza, kutentha thupi, magazi ooneka, ndi ngati ululu umasintha pamene chikhodzodzo chikudzaza kapena chikukhuthulidwa. Lembani nthawi zopanda zizindikiro ndipo, ngati n’zoyenera, ululu wa m’dera la chiuno kapena wokhudzana ndi kutulutsa umuna.
- Malipoti enieni a mayeso: kupenda mkodzo, mayeso okulitsa mabakiteriya, zotsatira zosonyeza maantibayotiki amene mabakiteriya amakhudzidwa nawo, ndi zithunzi zoyezera matenda. Phatikizani masiku komanso ngati zitsanzo zinatengedwa musanagwiritse ntchito kapena mutagwiritsa ntchito maantibayotiki kapena mankhwala a mavuto a mkodzo.
- Ndondomeko ya nthawi ya chithandizo: mayina a maantibayotiki ndi mankhwala ochepetsa zizindikiro, masiku ogwiritsira ntchito, kusintha kumene mwaona, ndi zotsatira zosafunika. Bweretsani zithunzi za zolemba za mankhwala ophatikiza komanso zolemba za methylene blue iliyonse yogwiritsidwa ntchito payokha.
- Uthenga wofunika wa thanzi ndi mankhwala: kuthekera kokhala ndi pakati, mavuto a impso, miyala yomwe munakhalapo nayo, kuvutika kukhuthula chikhodzodzo, ziwengo, ndi mankhwala onse olembedwa ndi katswiri komanso zowonjezera zakudya. Lipoti la wodwala amene anamwa mankhwala ochepetsa ululu wa mkodzo linafotokoza kuvulazidwa chifukwa cha serotonin ndi mankhwala okhala ndi methylene blue, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti kufotokoza mankhwala a kuvutika maganizo ndi mankhwala ena okhudza serotonin kukhale kofunika kwambiri.
- Funso la kuunikanso: “N’chiyani chikutsimikizira kuti pali matenda pa nthawi ino, n’chiyani cholinga chake ndi kuchepetsa zizindikiro, ndipo n’chiyani chiyenera kuchitika ngati zizindikiro zipitirirabe?” Gwiritsani ntchito kalozera wokulirapo wa mafunso ofunsa katswiri wa zaumoyo okhudza methylene blue pokambirana zokhudza mankhwala enieni.
Lumikizanani ndi katswiri wa zaumoyo ngati mukukayikira kuti muli ndi matenda a chikhodzodzo. Funani chithandizo mwamsanga ngati pali zizindikiro zomwe zingasonyeze matenda a impso, kuphatikizapo kutentha thupi kapena kuzizira ndi kunjenjemera, ululu wa msana kapena m’mbali, kapena kusanza. Kulephera kukodza kumafunikanso kuunikidwa mwamsanga. Musadikire kuti utoto kapena mankhwala ochepetsa zizindikiro agwire ntchito m’mikhalidwe imeneyi.