Kugwirizana kwa Methylene Blue: Zosefera, Zomera, Nkhanu Zazing'ono, Madzi Amchere

Nsomba ya tetra yodwala imabweretsa mafunso awiri osiyana. Loyamba ndi lakuti methylene blue ndi yoyenera pa vutolo kapena ayi. Lachiwiri ndi lakuti tankiyo ingalandire methylene blue n'komwe kapena ayi. Kusiyanitsa mafunso awiriwa molakwika kumayambitsa mavuto ambiri a kusagwirizana.

Chithandizo chili ndi mbali ziwiri: mankhwala ndi makina amene mankhwalawo amalowamo. Chidebe chopanda zokongoletsera chosamaliramo nsomba zodwala ndi tanki yokhazikika yokhala ndi zomera ndi zamoyo zosiyanasiyana ndi makina osiyana, ngakhale zili ndi mtundu womwewo wa nsomba. Malangizo olembedwa a chimodzi sayenera kungogwiritsidwa ntchito pa chinacho. Bukuli limayang'ana kugwirizana ngati khalidwe la makina onse, pogwiritsa ntchito chizindikiro cha mankhwala amodzi monga gwero ndi kusonyeza pamene umboni uli wochepa.

Zimene chizindikiro chogwiritsidwa ntchito monga gwero chimanena

Zambiri za mankhwala a methylene blue a Kordon zimafotokoza kuti ndi mankhwala osungunulidwa m'madzi a 2.303% opangira nsomba zokongoletsa. Ntchito zake zomwe zatchulidwa zikukhudza mazira a nsomba, mavuto a bowa a pamwamba pa thupi, tizilombo tina ta protozoa ta kunja kwa thupi, ndi kuthandiza pakadziwika kuti nsomba zakhudzidwa ndi poizoni wa nitrite kapena cyanide. Matenda a mabakiteriya, nyongolotsi za fluke, Oodinium, ndi matenda a bowa amene afika poipa sizili pa mndandandawo.

Malangizo omwewo alinso ndi machenjezo a kugwirizana. Kordon imanena kuti mankhwalawa sayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito m'makina amene amadalira kusefera kwachilengedwe, kuti angasokoneze kukula kwabwinobwino kwa zomera, kuti kaboni woyatsidwa amachotsa mankhwalawo, komanso kuti miyala yokhala ndi timabowo, korali, ndi nkhuni zimayamwa mankhwalawo. Chithandizo chiyenera kuchitikira m'zidebe zopanda zokongoletsera, silikoni ingakhale ndi banga losachoka, ndipo kuyeretsa kumafuna kusintha madzi ndi kuika kaboni watsopano.

Mawu amenewa akuyankha kale mafunso awiri amene anthu amafufuza kawirikawiri. Mukafunsa mmene methylene blue imakhudzira chosefera chachilengedwe, yankho la wopanga mankhwalawo ndi lakuti musailole kufika pa choseferacho. Mukafunsa ngati mungagwiritse ntchito methylene blue mu tanki yokhala ndi zomera, yankho ndi lakuti kusokonezeka kwa kukula kwa zomera kumayembekezeredwa. Zotsatirazi zikufotokoza chifukwa chake, komanso pamene kusamala kuyenera kutenga malo a umboni womwe ukusowa.

Kuzindikira vuto ndi kuunika ubwino wa madzi ziyenera kubwera musanayambe kuunika kumeneku, monga tafotokozera mu methylene blue ya nsomba za m'matanki. Zolakwa za kuchuluka kwa mankhwala m'madzi zomwe zimawonjezera kusagwirizana zafotokozedwa m'buku la kulondola kwa mlingo, ndipo zifukwa zolekanitsira mazira zili mu malangizo a chithandizo m'malo oswetsamo mazira.

Tebulo la kugwirizana

Mawu akuti "Sizikudziwika" pansipa ndi zimene zapezeka, osati malo osadzazidwa m'tebulo. Akutanthauza kuti palibe kuyesa koyendetsedwa bwino m'tanki komwe kumapereka chifukwa chokwanira cholola kukhudzana ndi mankhwalawo, choncho kulekanitsa ndiko koyenera poyamba.

Mbali ya makina	Chigamulo	Maziko ndi mmene mungachitire
Chosefera chachilengedwe chokhazikika	Pewani mu tanki yowonetsera	Imalepheretsa nitrification. Kafukufuku wina wa m'madzi opanda mchere analemba masiku 16 opanda nitrification pambuyo pokhudzana kamodzi ndi 5 mg/L. Chitirani chithandizo padera; yesani ammonia ndi nitrite m'makina aliwonse amene akhudzidwa mpaka abwerere mwakale.
Zomera zamoyo	Pewani mu tanki yowonetsera	Kordon imachenjeza za kusokonezeka kwa kukula. Zambiri za duckweed zimasonyeza kuchepa kwa kukula pa 50 mg/L, kuchuluka koposa kwambiri komwe kumagwiritsidwa ntchito pa chithandizo, ndipo palibe zambiri za kuyesa koyendetsedwa bwino kwa Anubias, Cryptocoryne, kapena Java fern pa 1 mpaka 3 mg/L. Kusowa kwa zambiri za mtundu wa chomera sikutanthauza chitetezo.
Nkhanu zazing'ono, Neocaridina ndi Caridina	Sizikudziwika, zitengeni ngati zosalekerera mankhwala	Palibe zambiri za kuyesa koyendetsedwa bwino kwa mlingo wa nkhanu zazing'ono zokongoletsa. Zambiri za nyama zofanana nazo za gulu la crustacea zimatsutsana, kuyambira kuvulazidwa kwa Daphnia pa kuchuluka kwa ma microgram mpaka kulekerera kwa nkhanu za penaeid pa kuchuluka kokwera kwambiri. Sungani nkhanu zazing'ono kunja kwa madzi a chithandizo.
Nkhono	Sizikudziwika, zitengeni ngati zosalekerera mankhwala	Palibe zambiri zothandiza za mlingo wa chithandizo wa nkhono zofala m'matanki. Musaganize kuti n'zotetezeka potengera mlingo wa nsomba.
Nkhanu za crayfish ndi nyama zina za gulu la crustacea	Sizikudziwika, zitengeni ngati zosalekerera mankhwala	Kusalekerera kumasiyana kwambiri pakati pa magulu a nyama, choncho kugwiritsa ntchito zotsatira za gulu lina pa linzake sikugwira ntchito. Zilekanitseni.
Zamoyo zina zopanda msana	Sizikudziwika, zitengeni ngati zosalekerera mankhwala	"Methylene blue ndi zamoyo zopanda msana" si nkhani imodzi yokhudza zonse. Sankhani kulekanitsa poyamba.
Nsomba zopanda mamba, loach, ndi mitundu yambiri ya mlamba	Samalani, ziunikeni padera	Malire a kuchuluka kwa utoto wokha amene angakhudze nsombazi sakudziwika bwino. Ndemanga za kafukufuku zimati ndi wochepa poizoni kuposa malachite green, koma zimatchula kufa kwa mitundu ina; mayesero omwe alipo a mlamba amasakaniza utoto ndi mchere. Funsani dokotala wa zinyama malangizo okhudza mtundu wa nsombayo.
Nsomba za m'madzi amchere, tanki yopanda zokongoletsera yolekanitsira nsomba	Chizindikiro chimaphatikiza nsomba za m'madzi amchere, koma m'malo olekanitsira okha	Gwiritsani ntchito chidebe cha nsomba zodwala chokhala ndi nsomba zokha, choikamo mpweya komanso choyang'aniridwa. Izi sizitanthauza kuti n'zotetezeka pa tanki ya korali.
Tanki yowonetsera ya korali, korali, ndi miyala yamoyo	Pewani	Miyala yamoyo nthawi zambiri ndiyo chosefera chachilengedwe, ndipo malinga ndi Kordon, korali ndi miyala yokhala ndi timabowo zimayamwa utoto. Kafukufuku wasonyezanso kuti nitrification ya m'madzi amchere imatha kusokonezeka. Kuyesa kumodzi kwa korali yofewa pa pafupifupi gawo limodzi mwa magawo khumi la kuchuluka kogwiritsidwa ntchito pa chithandizo sikutsimikizira chitetezo.
Kaboni, zipangizo zosefera zokhala ndi timabowo, silikoni	Chotsani kapena vomerezani kutayika kwa utoto	Kaboni amachotsa utoto panthawi ya chithandizo ndipo ndi chida chotchulidwa choyeretsera pambuyo pake. Zipangizo zokhala ndi timabowo zimayamwa utotowo; silikoni ingakhale ndi banga.
Chida chochotsa mapuloteni ndi thovu	Sizikudziwika	Palibe zambiri zodalirika za mmene chidachi chimagwirira ntchito ndi utoto wokha. Mankhwala osakaniza amene amalangiza ogwiritsa ntchito kuti azimitse chidachi ali ndi zinthu zina ndipo satsimikizira chilichonse chokhudza methylene blue yokha.

Buku la chitetezo cha mitundu yosalekerera mankhwala ndi zamoyo zopanda msana limasonkhanitsa nkhani zosadziwika zimenezi mwatsatanetsatane.

Chifukwa chake chosefera chachilengedwe chili chofunika kwambiri

Tizilombo ta nitrification timasintha ammonia ndi nitrite pamene nsomba zikupitiriza kutulutsa zinyalala, choncho kutilepheretsa kumabweretsa vuto lina ladzidzidzi mkati mwa vuto loyamba. Malangizo a UF/IFAS okhudza mankhwala m'makina ozungulitsanso madzi amaika methylene blue pa mndandanda wa zinthu zolepheretsa zosefera zachilengedwe ndipo amalimbikitsa kuchitira nsomba chithandizo m'matanki osalumikizidwa ndi makina onse, komanso kusintha madzi ambiri musanawalumikizenso.

Kusalekerera kumasiyana malinga ndi gulu la tizilombo. Kafukufuku wa mu labotale anapeza kuti tizilombo tina ta m'madzi amchere tosintha ammonia tinalephereka pa magawo 10 mwa biliyoni, pamene tina tinafunika magawo 10 mwa miliyoni. Maselo ena anafa m'malo mongolephereka kwakanthawi. Kafukufuku wa m'madzi amchere anapezanso kuti kusokonezeka kwa kusintha ammonia kunapitirira ngakhale madzi a chithandizo atasinthidwa.

Palibe nthawi imodzi yobwezeretsa chosefera chachilengedwe pambuyo pa methylene blue yomwe imagwira ntchito pa zonse. Masiku 16 ndi zotsatira za kuyesa kumodzi m'madzi opanda mchere pa kukhudzana kumodzi ndi mankhwalawo, osati lonjezo, ndipo sayenera kutchulidwa ngati nthawi yokhazikika. Tengani chosefera chokhudzidwa ngati chosagwira bwino ntchito mpaka mayesero atatsimikizira zosiyana: yesani ammonia ndi nitrite tsiku lililonse, sungani mpweya wochuluka m'madzi, ndipo musatenge kutha kwa mtundu wabuluu ngati umboni. Kaboni ndi kusintha madzi zimachotsa mtundu; kuyesa kokha ndiko kumasonyeza kuti tizilombo tabwerera bwino. Buku la UF/IFAS la thanzi la nsomba limaika kuyesa madzi patsogolo nsomba zikaoneka zodwala, ndipo malangizo ake a ammonia amanena kuti ammonia yovulaza ilibe mtundu kapena fungo.

Zomera, nkhanu zazing'ono, nkhono, ndi nsomba zopanda mamba

Pa matanki okhala ndi zomera, chenjezo la wopanga mankhwalawo ndilo umboni wamphamvu kwambiri womwe ukugwira ntchito mwachindunji. Zotsatira za duckweed zimasonyeza kuti njira imene kukula kungasokonezekere ndi yotheka, koma sizikhazikitsa malire a mitundu ya zomera za m'matanki pa kuchuluka kogwiritsidwa ntchito pa chithandizo. Chitirani chithandizo kunja kwa tanki yowonetsera yokhala ndi zomera.

Kwa nkhanu zazing'ono ndi nkhono, palibe mlingo wotetezeka woti utchulidwe. Mafunso akuti "Kodi methylene blue ndi yotetezeka kwa nkhanu zazing'ono?" ndi "Kodi methylene blue ndi yotetezeka kwa nkhono?" onse ali ndi yankho lakuti sizikudziwika. Pochita zimenezi, tanthauzo lake ndi lakuti musazilole kukhudzana ndi utotowo. Musagwiritsenso ntchito madzi a chithandizo posintha madzi kwina, ndipo sungani maukonde ndi mapaipi opopera madzi a chithandizo padera.

Nsomba zopanda mamba zimafunika kuunikidwa payokha. Kulekerera kumadalira nthawi komanso kuchuluka kwa mankhwala m'madzi: nsomba za goldfish zosungidwa pa 2 mg/L kwa masiku 21 zinasonyeza kusintha kwa kukula ndi kagwiridwe ka thupi. Nthawi imeneyi ndi yaitali kwambiri kuposa chithandizo cha masiku 3 mpaka 5, koma ndi umboni wakuti zambiri za chithandizo cha nthawi yochepa sizikhudza kukhudzana kwa nthawi yaitali. Musagwiritse ntchito mlingo wa nsomba ya mamba pa loach kapena mlamba wopanda mamba, ndipo musaphatikize mchere ndi utoto popanda malangizo, chifukwa mayesero a zosakaniza sasiyanitsa malire a utoto wokha.

Makina a madzi amchere ndi nkhani yapadera

"Methylene blue ya nsomba za m'madzi amchere" imafotokoza kulekanitsa nsomba, osati kusamalira tanki ya korali. Chidebe chopanda zokongoletsera chokhala ndi nsomba zokha chimakhala ndi kuchuluka kwa madzi koyezedwa, mpweya wolowetsedwa, ndipo chilibe zinthu za malo a korali. Tanki yowonetsera ya korali imakhala ndi korali, nyama za gulu la mollusca, nyama za gulu la crustacea, miyala yamoyo yogwira ntchito yosefera, ndi chida chochotsa mapuloteni ndi thovu chomwe kugwirizana kwake ndi utoto sikunafotokozedwe bwino. Zomwe zimachitika m'matanki a madzi opanda mchere okhala ndi zamoyo zosiyanasiyana sizingogwiritsidwa ntchito pano chifukwa zamoyo, chosefera, ndi malo amene utoto ungamamatirepo ndi zosiyana.

Lekanisani nsombazo ndipo musakhudze tanki ya korali. Musalole madzi a chithandizo kufika kulikonse pafupi ndi thanki yapansi ya makina osefera a tanki yowonetsera.

Kukonzekera kopewa mavuto ambiri

Gwiritsani ntchito chidebe chopanda zokongoletsera chosamaliramo nsomba zodwala nthawi iliyonse pamene tanki yowonetsera ili ndi chosefera chokhazikika, zomera, nkhanu zazing'ono, nkhono, miyala yamoyo, kapena korali. Izi zikukhudza pafupifupi tanki iliyonse yowonetsera. Chotsani kaboni panthawi imene mankhwala ali m'madzi, pitirizani kusefera kochotsa zinyalala ndi kulowetsa mpweya ngati malangizo a chithandizo amalola, ndipo yezani kuchuluka kwenikweni kwa madzi ochitiramo chithandizo pogwiritsa ntchito mayunitsi a pa chizindikiro. Nthawi ya chithandizo yomwe yatchulidwa ikatha, sinthani madzi ndi kuika kaboni watsopano, kenako yang'anirani nsomba yodwalayo ndi makina akuluakulu padera.

Musanawonjezere mankhwala, lembani vutolo, mankhwala enieni ndi kuchuluka kwake m'madzi, kuchuluka kwa madzi komwe mwayeza, nthawi ya chithandizo, ndi dongosolo loyang'anira. Ngati tebulo pamwambapa lati kugwirizana kwa chamoyo chilichonse cha mu tankiyo sikukudziwika, mzere umenewo wokha ndi chifukwa chokwanira chogwiritsa ntchito chidebe china. Tsimikizani kugwirizana madzi asanasanduke abuluu.