Tuhinga
Te kikorangi metilīni mō ngā kurī: ngā whakamahinga haumanu me ngā pātai mō te paitini
Ka mitimiti tētahi kurī i te wai kikorangi o tētahi puna ika kātahi anō ka rongoātia. Ka pānui tētahi rangatira ka taea e te kikorangi metilīni te whakatika tētahi mate toto, ā, ka whakaaro mēnā ka āwhina tētahi pata mai i te pounamu rongoā ika i tana kurī māuiui i te kāinga. Ko taua waikano tonu kei roto i ēnei āhuatanga e rua. Ehara tētahi o ēnei i te whakatau rongoā mā te kāinga.
Ka hua te rangirua i te whakahanumi i ngā ariā e rua e mau ana i te ingoa kotahi. Ko tētahi he tukanga haumanu: ka hoatu e te tākuta kararehe he horopeta kua āta inea ki roto i te ia mō tētahi ohotata toto motuhake, kātahi ka aroturukitia te toto mō ētahi rā. Ko tētahi atu he pānga: kua horomia e te kurī tētahi rahinga waikano kāore i mōhiotia, mai i te puna ika, i te wai rumaki, i tētahi pire rānei. Ko te mea tuatahi me whakahaere i te hōhipera. Mō te mea tuarua, me kōrero mā te waea ki te tākuta kararehe. Ka wehewehea ēnei i tēnei tuhinga, ka whakamāramatia te take kāore he tūtohi horopeta haumaru mō ngā kurī i te kāinga, ā, ka hoatu he ripanga hei kawe ki te whare haumanu.
Ngā whakamahinga tūturu a ngā tākuta kararehe
He whāiti te whakamahinga kua whakatūturutia mō ngā kurī: ko te mate methemoglobinemia whai pānga nui ā-haumanu nā tētahi matū whakahāora. Ka kawe te hemoglobin noa i te hāora nā te mea kei te āhua ferrous kua whakahekea tōna rino. Ka hurihia taua rino e ngā matū whakahāora ki te āhua ferric, ka hangaia ko te methemoglobin, kāore e taea te kawe hāora. Ka āhua kikorangi, ka āhua kiwikiwi rānei ngā pae niho o te kurī, i te wā ka huri te toto tonu ki te parauri tiakarete.
I roto i te pūtau toto whero, ka taea te whakaheke i te kikorangi metilīni ki te leucomethylene blue, ka whakahoki irahiko ki te rino kua whakahāoratia, ka whakaora hoki i te mahi a te hemoglobin. Koinei te tauhohenga whakaora. Mā konei e whakamārama ai he aha tēnei rongoā e āwhina ai anake ina ko te nui rawa o te methemoglobin te raruraru. Kāore e āwhina i te mate toto-kore noa, i te iti o te hāora nā te mate pūkahukahu, i te paihanatanga rānei kāore e whai wāhi ai te methemoglobin.
Ko ngā pūtake e kitea nuitia ana i ngā kurī ko te acetaminophen, te nitrate, te nitrite rānei, te benzocaine me ētahi rongoā whakahāora e pā ana, ā, i ētahi wā ko te wharanga whakahāora e pā ana ki te aniana, ki te kāriki rānei. Mō te acetaminophen, ko te rongoā matua ko te tango i te matū paitini me te N-acetylcysteine, ā, he rongoā āpiti te kikorangi metilīni ina whai pānga nui te methemoglobin, e ai ki ngā aratohu a Merck mō te paihanatanga nā ngā rongoā whakamāmā mamae. Mō te aniana me te kāriki, ko te tiaki paerewa ko te tango i te matū paitini, te tautoko mā te hāora me te whakawhitinga toto, me ngā wai, nā te mea ko te wharanga matua he pakarutanga tōmuri o ngā pūtau toto whero me ngā tinana Heinz i roto i ētahi rā, ehara i te methemoglobin anake. He mōrearea te tārua i tētahi kawa nitrate mō ngā kararehe whakahoki kai hei whakamahi ki te kurī, nā te mea ka taea e te kau te whakamanawanui ki ngā horopeta e whara ai te kurī; e mārama ana tēnei i ngā tuhinga rongoā kararehe mō te nitrate.
Me āta tautuhi ētahi atu whakamahinga e rua. Ko te werohanga ā-rohe huri noa i te puku tupu hei mahere i te pona waitinana kaitiaki, he whakamahinga waikano mō tētahi tukanga mate pukupuku ki ngā kurī, ehara i te rongoā mō te tinana katoa. Kei te rangahautia tonutia ki ngā kurī te whakamahinga whakamātau mō te ru ohorere nā te hē o te tohatoha toto, nā te ngoikore rānei o te kōpeketanga o ngā ia-toto, ka hoatu ai te waikano hei whakaiti i te tuku tohu a te nitric oxide. E kī mārama ana tētahi rangahau pokanga karo ia-toto ki ngā kurī i te tau 2026, kāore he taunakitanga haumanu ā-rongoā kararehe mō taua whakamahinga ki te ru ohorere, ā, nā ngā horopeta nui i roto i ngā tauira whakamātau i kino ake ai te pēhanga toto me te mahi a te manawa. Nō reira, ko te whakarāpopototanga tika: kotahi te whakamahinga kua whakatūturutia, kotahi te whakamahinga waikano mō tētahi tukanga, ā, he whakamātau ngā mea e toe ana. Kāore ngā tohutohu mō te puna ika, ngā kawa mō te tangata, me ngā whakamahinga whakapoke tae i te taiwhanga e hāngai ki ngā kurī.
Te take kāore he tūtohi horopeta mō te kāinga
Ka oati ngā hua rapu i tētahi tūtohi horopeta kikorangi metilīni mō ngā kurī. Mō tēnei rongoā, ehara te tūtohi i te taputapu tika, nā te mea he whāiti te awhe haumaru, ko te aroturuki tētahi tino wāhanga o te rongoā, ā, kāore te tau anake e whakarite kia haumaru te whakatau.
Ko te nuinga o ngā tohutoro rongoā kararehe kua whakaputaina e tohu ana ki te 1 ki te 1.5 mg mō ia kg, ka āta hoatu ki roto i te ia hei wairewa kotahi ōrau, kia kotahi te wā, mō te mate methemoglobinemia. Ka whakarārangihia taua awhe i te tuhinga a Merck mō te paihanatanga nā ngā rongoā whakamāmā mamae, me te tuku i roto i ētahi meneti. E tautuhi ana ngā tuhinga taipitopito rongoā kararehe i te horopeta kotahi, ka āta tukuna, me te aroturuki toto mō te toru ki te whā rā, ā, e pūrongo ana i te mate toto-kore tino taumaha e hiahiatia ai te whakawhitinga toto i te takiwā o te 5 mg mō ia kg. Nā tētahi horopeta whakapoke tae mō te pokanga, e ai ki te tikanga o te tekau tau 1970, tata ki te 3 mg mō ia kg, i hua ai te mate toto-kore tōmuri, ā, i tētahi kēhi, he wharanga tākihi whakamate i muri i te pakarutanga o ngā pūtau toto whero. He iti te āputa i waenga i te āwhina me te kino.
He iti ake hoki ngā pātai ka whakautua e taua tau i tōna āhua tuatahi. Kāore e whakaatu mēnā kei reira tonu te methemoglobin, mēnā ka urupare te pūtake ki tēnei rongoā, he aha ērā atu rongoā e kainga ana e te kurī, mēnā rānei ka taea e ngā tākihi me ngā pūtau toto whero te whakamanawanui ki tētahi matū whakahāora. Kāore e taea e te tūtohi te ine i te methemoglobin mā te co-oximetry, te tirotiro rānei i tētahi paninga toto mō ngā tinana Heinz, te mātaki rānei i te hekenga o te hematocrit e toru rā i muri mai. Ka taea e te whare haumanu. Koia te take ka whakarārangihia ngā awhe i te ripanga i raro nei hei horopaki haumanu mō te kōrero ki te tākuta kararehe, kaua hei tohutohu. Kaua e hoatu te kikorangi metilīni i te kāinga, kaua e huri i tētahi rongoā puna ika hei horopeta mō te kurī, ā, kaua e whakamahi anō i tētahi tapanga mō te tangata, pērā i ngā mōhiohio whakahau rongoā mō PROVAYBLUE, hei aratohu horopeta.
Te taupatupatu: he rongoā patu paihana, he matū whakahāora hoki
Whakaarohia te kikorangi metilīni hei ariā e rua i roto i te pounamu kotahi. Ina iti te rahinga, ka āta tukuna i raro i te tirotiro, ā, e mahi ana ngā pūnaha whākōkī reductase, ka noho hei āwhina whakaheke, ka whakaiti hoki i te methemoglobin. Ina nui ake te rahinga, ina kore rānei ngā parenga o ngā pūtau toto whero e kaha ki te ārai, ka noho hei matū whakahāora, ka hanga i te wharanga i whakaritea ai hei whakatika: he nui ake te methemoglobin, ngā tinana Heinz, te kino ki ngā kiriuhi, me te pakarutanga o ngā pūtau toto whero.
E whakawhirinaki ana taua taupatupatu ki te horopeta, ā, ka tōmuri te pānga. Ka puta pea te mate toto-kore i te toru ki te whā rā i muri i te horopeta; koia ngā tohutoro e tohe ai kia whai whakamātautau toto anō, ahakoa ka āhua pai ake te kurī i roto i te hāwhe hāora. Mā te pakarutanga taumaha o ngā pūtau toto whero e rere ai te hemoglobin ki te wē toto me te mimi, ā, e whara ai ngā tākihi. I tētahi rangahau ki ngā kurī, nā ngā horopeta nui ki roto i te ia i piki ai te methemoglobin i roto i te meneti kotahi, kaua i heke.
E rua ngā pāhekoheko hei āta aro atu. He matū kaha te kikorangi metilīni ki te aukati i te monoamine oxidase, ā, ka taea te whakahoki taua aukatinga. Kei te tapanga mō te tangata tētahi whakatūpato pouaka mō te huinga tohu serotonin ina whakakotahitia ki ngā rongoā e whakapiki ana i te mahi a te serotonin. Mō te kurī, me mōhio ki te whakamahinga o te trazodone, te fluoxetine me ētahi atu aukati whakahoki-tango serotonin, te clomipramine, te selegiline, me ngā rongoā pērā i te tramadol. Ko ngā tohu ko te pōkaikaha, te rerekētanga rānei o te āhua hinengaro, te pāmahana teitei, te tere o te patuki manawa, te pēhanga toto pāhekeheke rānei, te wiri, te mārō o ngā uaua, te kore ruruku o ngā nekehanga, me ngā hukihuki. Ko te nuinga o ngā taunakitanga mō taua whakatūpato kaha nō te tangata, nō reira kāore anō kia pai te ine i te auau ki ngā kurī, engari me whai wāhi te hītori rongoā ki ia waea aromatawai wawe.
He mea nui hoki te momo kararehe. Ka pā pea te mate toto-kore me ngā tinana Heinz ki ngā kurī nā tēnei rongoā, engari he nui kē atu te whakaraerae o ngā ngeru, nā te mea he nui ake ngā rōpū ka taea te whakahāora i te hemoglobin o te ngeru, ā, he ngoikore te whakakore kino a ōna pūtau toto whero. Kaua rawa e whakaritea tētahi kawa mō te kurī ki te ngeru mā te taumaha. Kei te ture ā-kāwanatanga 21 CFR wāhanga 500.27 ngā pūrongo mō te mate toto-kore whakamate me ngā tinana Heinz ki ngā ngeru i hoatu ai he hua kikorangi metilīni mā te waha mō te pūnaha mimi, e ai ki ngā tohutohu tapanga. He whakamaharatanga taua hītori: ehara te tuku mā te waha i te tikanga māmā noa iho mō te tinana.
Te ripanga whakamahinga haumanu me te pānga tūpono
Kawea tēnei ripanga ki te tākuta kararehe, kaua e mahi i runga i a ia anake. Ka wehewehea te whakamahinga haumanu i raro i te tirotiro i te pānga tūpono; ko taua wehewehenga e haumaru ai ngā whakatau. Arotakehia me te whare haumanu; ehara i te whakakapi mō te whakatau mate.
| Āhuatanga | He aha tēnei | Ngā mea ka whiriwhiria e te tākuta kararehe |
|---|---|---|
| Te mate methemoglobinemia taumaha nā tētahi matū whakahāora | He whakamahinga haumanu kua whakatūturutia. Kua inea te methemoglobin, he tohu tō te kurī, ā, e mōhiotia ana te matū whakahāora nāna te mate. | He horopeta kotahi ka āta tukuna ki roto i te ia, tata ki te 1 ki te 1.5 mg mō ia kg o te wairewa kotahi ōrau, kia kotahi te wā, me te co-oximetry me te aroturuki i te hematocrit me ngā paninga toto mō te 3 ki te 4 rā. Ka haere tonu te tiaki e hāngai ana ki te pūtake i te taha o tēnei, hei tauira ko te N-acetylcysteine mō te acetaminophen. |
| Te korenga reductase tuku iho | He whakamahinga onge mā te mātanga. Ka hoki mai anō te mate methemoglobinemia, ahakoa kāore he matū paitini. | He rongoā ki roto i te ia e hāngai ana ki ia kēhi, tata ki te 1 mg mō ia kg; i ētahi wā ka whai ake tētahi raupapa rongoā mā te waha i raro i te aroturuki. Me noho te mahere wā roa i raro anake i te tiaki a te mātanga. |
| Te mahere i te pona waitinana kaitiaki | He whakamahinga waikano mō te tukanga pokanga puku tupu. | He werohanga ā-rohe huri noa i te puku tupu nā te tākuta pokanga, ehara i te horopeta mō te tinana katoa. He pātai kē ngā pānga ki te toto i te nekehanga o te waikano. |
| Te ru ohorere, te iti rānei o te kōpeketanga o ngā ia-toto | He whakamātau ki ngā kurī. Kāore he kawa auau e whakaaetia ana. | He take whakauru ki te rangahau, ehara i te take rongoā i te kāinga. Ka kino ake pea ngā pānga ki te pēhanga toto, te manawa me ngā pūkahukahu i ngā horopeta nui ake. |
| Kua inumia te wai puna ika kua rongoātia | He pānga tūpono, ehara i te rongoā. He wairewa waimeha, engari kāore e mōhiotia te rōrahi. | Te tapanga hua, te kukū o te wairewa taketake, te rōrahi puna ika, te rōrahi i whakaarotia kua inumia, te taumaha tinana, te wā, ngā tohu, ngā rongoā katoa. He kēhi rerekē te inu iti o te wairewa waimeha i te pānga ki te wairewa kukū. |
| Kua mitimitia te wai rumaki ika, kua ngaungautia rānei te hua kukū, te pire rānei | He pānga tūpono e nui ake ai te āwangawanga. | Ko aua taipitopito hua anō, me ngā milligram mō ia waeine, me te rahinga mōrahi o ngā waeine kua ngaro. Ka whakarerekē ērā atu kai o te pire i te aromatawai. |
| He kurī e kai ana i te trazodone, SSRI, clomipramine, selegiline, tramadol | He mōrea pāhekoheko e tāpiri ana ki tētahi o ngā āhuatanga i runga ake nei. | He rārangi katoa o ngā rongoā me ngā tāpiringa i mua i tētahi whakatau. Me aromatawai ohotata ngā tohu o te huinga tohu serotonin. |
Ina pā te kurī ki te waikano: ngā mahi ināianei
Tuatahi, whakamutua te inu atu, ā, tiakina ngā taunakitanga: te pounamu hua, tētahi whakaahua rānei o te tapanga, te kukū, te rahinga i tukuna ki tētahi rōrahi wai mēnā he puna ika, te rahinga i whakaarotia kua horomia, te wā, te taumaha o te kurī, ngā tohu o nāianei, ngā mate e mōhiotia ana, me ia rongoā me ia tāpiringa. Ko taua rārangi tonu te tūāpapa o te aromatawai wawe mō te paihanatanga. E tono ana ngā aratohu whānui a te ASPCA mō te paihanatanga o ngā mōkai kia puritia e ngā rangatira te ipu, kia waea atu hoki, kaua e tatari ki ngā tohu; ā, kei reira te ratonga whakahaere paihana a te ASPCA me ngā ratonga pēnei i te Waea Āwhina Paihana Mōkai mō taua waea, i te taha o te whare haumanu auau, o te hōhipera ohotata rānei.
Kaua e hoatu te kikorangi metilīni hei rongoā patu paihana i te kāinga. Kaua e whakaputa ruaki, engari rawa mēnā ka āta whakahaua e te tākuta kararehe, e te mātanga paihana rānei, nā te mea kāore te ruaki e tika, ā, he mōrearea rānei i ētahi pānga me ētahi tohu. Kaua e hoatu te perōkai hauwai i runga i tō ake whakaaro. Ki te taea, āraia te mitimiti i te waikano i runga i te huruhuru, horoia te waikano i te kiri e ai ki ngā tohutohu a te whare haumanu, ā, kia matara te hua i ngā karu.
Rapua wawe he aromatawai ohotata mēnā he uaua te hā, he kikorangi, he kiwikiwi rānei ngā pae niho, he tino ngoikore, he hinganga rānei, he kore mauri, he hukihuki, he pōkaikaha nui, he wiri rānei me te pāmahana teitei, he kōmā, he kōwhai rānei ngā pae niho me te mimi pōuri, parauri whero rānei. Kia mahara ki te tōmuri o te pānga: ahakoa ka āhua ora te kurī i te ahiahi o te pānga, ka puta tonu pea te mate toto-kore nā te pakarutanga o ngā pūtau toto whero i ētahi rā i muri mai. Nō reira, ka hipokina e te aromatawai wawe te pō me ngā whakamātautau toto whai muri. E tūtohu ana tētahi arotake mō te whakahaere i te mate methemoglobinemia whakapeka i te Hautaka Rongoā Ā-Roto Kararehe kia tirohia te hematocrit mō ētahi rā i muri i ngā whakatau rongoā, mō tēnei take tonu.
He rohe whakamutunga hei pupuri i ērā atu whārangi o tēnei pae ki ō rātou wāhi tika. Ko ngā aratohu rongoā ika, ngā mahi whakawātea wai i muri i te tuku rongoā ki te puna ika, te matū o ngā waikano, me ngā kawa whakapoke tae e whakaahua ana i ngā puna ika, ngā taputapu karāhe, me ngā karu whakarahi. Ehara tētahi o ēnei i te whakahau rongoā mō te kurī. He ōrite tonu te mutunga o te pātai mō te kurī: waea atu ki te tākuta kararehe, kawea te tapanga me ngā tau, ā, mā ngā whakamātautau toto e ārahi te whakatau.