Chinyorwa
New methylene blue nekupenda mareticulocyte: dhayi rakasiyana nenzira inoshandisa masero mapenyu
Mudzidzi anogadzirira kuverenga mareticulocyte, anoodha methylene blue, anoisanganisa neropa, obva aona zvinhu zvishoma zvikuru. Mumwe waunodzidza naye anoshandisa bhodhoro rakanyorwa kuti new methylene blue, owana tambo dzebhuruu dzinonyatsooneka mukati mechikamu chemasero matsvuku eropa. Mudzidzi wekutanga anofunga kuti dhayi riri mubhodhoro rechipiri richangobva kugadzirwa kana kuti rakanyanya kusimba. Hapana pazviri chiri chokwadi. Rine morekuru rakasiyana.
Iyi ndiyo pfungwa isina kururama inokonzera kuvhiringidzika kwakawanda panyaya iyi. Zita racho rinopa pfungwa yokuti new methylene blue imethylene blue yakagadzirwa patsva uye yakavandudzwa. Asi makemikari acho anoratidza zvakasiyana. New methylene blue N idhayi rephenothiazine rakasiyana, rine nhamba yaro yeColour Index, marongerwo aro emapoka akabatanidzwa pamorekuru, uye basa raro rakatarwa muongororo yeropa. Kana musiyano uyu wava pachena, zvimwe zvose zvenzira yacho zvinova nyore kunzwisisa: nei masero achifanira kuva mapenyu paanopendwa, chii chinoverengwa sereticulocyte, mitumbi yeHeinz inopinda papi, uye brilliant cresyl blue inoshandiswa riini.
Mhinduro pfupi
New methylene blue N, reajenti inoshandiswa muongororo yeropa, inowanzotsanangurwa seBasic Blue 24 muruzivo rwePubChem nezvenew methylene blue, C.I. 52030, CAS 1934-16-3, ine fomura C18H22ClN3S. Methylene blue yakajairika imethylthioninium chloride, Basic Blue 9, muruzivo rwayo rwePubChem, C.I. 52015, CAS 61-73-4, ine fomura C16H18ClN3S. Pakuumbwa kwayo, new methylene blue ine mapoka maviri emethyl parin'i uye mapoka eethylamino padivi, apo methylene blue ine mapoka edimethylamino. Musiyano uyu unochinja mapendero emasero. Mabhuku eongororo yeropa anotsanangura methylene blue yakajairika sedhayi risinganyatsopendi mareticulocyte, uye new methylene blue serinopa ruvara rwakadzama uye rwakaenzana zvakanyanya; kuenzanisa uku kunopfupikiswa munyaya yeScienceDirect nezvenew methylene blue.
Hongu, new methylene blue idhayi resupravital. Kupenda nenzira yesupravital zvinoreva kupenda masero mapenyu abviswa mumuviri asi asati asimbiswa nemakemikari, sezvinotsanangurwa muongororo yeNCBI yemisimboti yekupenda nenzira yesupravital. New methylene blue nebrilliant cresyl blue zvose zviri muboka iri, uye chiyero cheCLSI chemareticulocyte chinotsanangura zvakajeka new methylene blue sedhayi resupravital. Dzimwe nguva vadzidzi vanoisa nzira iyi muboka rimwe chete nekupenda kwaRomanowsky kwemafirimu eropa akatosimbiswa nemakemikari. Kufunga kwakadaro hakushandi pano. Kana ukatanga nekusimbisa masero nemakemikari, nzira yacho haichashandi.
Kuvaverengi vari kuongorora mazita emadhayi anenge akafanana, methyl blue ichienzaniswa nemethylene blue inotsanangura kumwe kuvhiringidzika kwakasiyana uye kwakakura pakati pedhayi retriarylmethane rine chaji yakaipa neboka rephenothiazine rine chaji yakanaka. Pfupiso yekupenda murabhoritari inoisa basa resupravital pamwe chete nenzira dzinoshandisa mafirimu eropa akasimbiswa nemakemikari, uye gwara remaumbirwo emasero eropa rinoratidza nzvimbo yekuongorora mareticulocyte mukuongororwa kwakakura kwemhando dzemasero.
| Reajenti | Rudzi rwayo | C.I. / CAS | Basa pakuongorora mareticulocyte |
|---|---|---|---|
| New methylene blue N | Phenothiazine ine ethylamino nemapoka maviri emethyl parin'i | C.I. 52030 (Basic Blue 24); CAS 1934-16-3 yechloride | Dhayi resupravital rekushandisa nemaoko rine maitiro akatarwa, rinodiwa pakuenzanisa |
| Methylene blue yakajairika | Bis(dimethylamino) phenothiazine (methylthioninium chloride) | C.I. 52015 (Basic Blue 9); CAS 61-73-4 | Haipendi mareticulocyte zvakanaka, haishandiswe pachinzvimbo cheimwe |
| Brilliant cresyl blue | Dhayi reoxazine, musanganiswa waro unosiyana zvichienderana nemutengesi | C.I. 51010; CAS 81029-05-2 kana 10127-36-3 zvichienderana nechimiro chemunyu | Dhayi resupravital rinogamuchirwa, asi haripendi zvakaenzana zvakanyanya uye harisi iro rakatarwa pakuenzanisa kwakawiriraniswa |
Chimwe chokuchenjerera mumabhuku ezvigadzirwa: kune chimwe chimiro chenew methylene blue chine munyu wakapetwa we zinc chloride, chiri pasi peCAS 6586-05-6. Naizvozvo chikamu chinotsanangura maitiro chinofanira kudoma chimiro chemunyu uye mutengesi, kwete zita rinongozivikanwa chete.
Zvinoitwa chaizvo nekupenda nenzira yesupravital
Reticulocyte isero dzvuku reropa richiri diki pakukura, rakarasikirwa nenyukireyasi yaro asi richine ribosomal RNA yasara. Mumuenzaniso wakanyorova usina kupendwa, RNA iyoyo haioneki. Dhayi resupravital rinopinda musero richiri benyu roita kuti RNA iyoyo ibude mumushonga kana kuungana kuita tsanga netambo dzebhuruu, zvinhu zvinoumba mambure netambo zvinoonekwa pakushandisa mafuta ekuongorora nemakorosikopu. Saka mambure acho anogadzirwa nekupenda, haasi chimiro chakagara chiripo chichingomirira kuiswa ruvara. Ndokusaka zvinhu zvinogona kuchinjwa mumaitiro acho—kusimba kwedhayi, mushonga unochengetedza pH, reshiyo yeropa nedhayi, tembiricha nenguva—zvichikosha sezvinoita zita redhayi.
Mukushanda chaiko, izvi zvinoda kutevedza hurongwa husingachinjwi: tanga wasanganisa ropa rakadzivirirwa kugwamba nedhayi, risiye kwenguva yakatarwa, wozogadzira mafirimu eropa woaongorora asina kusimbiswa nemakemikari uye pasina dhayi rechipiri. Kusimbisa masero nemakemikari asati apendwa, kana kushandisa dhayi rechipiri rinovanza tambo dzine ruvara rwusina kusimba, kunoparadza ruzivo runodiwa pakuverenga.
Maitiro anoshanda ekuongorora mareticulocyte nenew methylene blue
Hapana musanganiswa mumwe chete unoshandiswa kwose kwose, saka nyora wawakashandisa. Nzira nhatu dzakanyorwa dzinoratidza kusiyana kuripo.
Nzira yechinyakare yerudzi rwaBrecher inoshandisa new methylene blue inenge 0.5 percent ine potassium oxalate, ichisanganiswa nemavhoriyamu akaenzana eropa rine EDTA rakanyatsosanganiswa, yozosiyiwa kwemaminitsi anenge 10 kusvika 15 patembiricha yemumba. Mushure mekuisanganisazve zvinyoronyoro, panogadzirwa mafirimu eropa matete akaparadzirwa muchimiro cheweji, oomiswa nemhepo, oongororwa asina kusimbiswa nemakemikari pachishandiswa lenzi ye100x inoshandisa mafuta. Maitiro eNCBI ekuverenga mareticulocyte anotsanangura hurongwa uhwu pamwe nemiganhu yenzvimbo inoshandiswa pakuverenga.
Nzira yaDacie naLewis inoshandisa new methylene blue ye1.0 percent mumushonga wemunyu une citrate, ichisanganiswa nemavhoriyamu eropa ari 2 kusvika 4, yochengetwa pa37 C kwemaminitsi 15 kusvika 20 mafirimu asati agadzirwa. Kushandiswa kuchangobva kuitwa kwemaitiro eCLSI H44 mukuwiriranisa nzira kwakashandisa mushonga une dhayi shoma, we0.1 percent mumushonga wemunyu une phosphate unochengetedza pH pa7.4, uchisiyiwa pa20 C kwemaminitsi 10 uye pasina kusimbiswa nemakemikari, sezvakataurwa muchidzidzo cha2026 chekuwiriranisa kushandiswa kweNMB.
Mitemo yekuverenga yakafanana munzira dzose. Verenga sero sereticulocyte kana riine tsanga dzakapendwa bhuruu kana zvikamu zvetambo zviviri kana kupfuura zvakaparadzana; izvi zvinobvisa tuzvimedu tudiki twedhayi twakangogara toga. Mubasa renguva dzose, verenga masero matsvuku eropa anokwana 1,000 kana kupfuura, wotaura mareticulocyte seperesenti. Kana peresenti iri shoma, nhamba dzinoda kuti masero akawanda averengwe. Ongororo yemaitiro eCLSI H44 inoti kana mareticulocyte ari pedyo ne1 percent, panodiwa masero anenge 4,400 kuti kusiyana kwekuverenga kuderedzwe kusvika pa5 percent, muongororo yeCLSI H44 paDe Gruyter. Dhisiki raMiller rinoiswa mulenzi yeziso rinoita kuti kuverenga masero akawanda kuve nyore. Sefa dhayi kana kurigadzira patsva, nokuti zvimedu zvaro zvinobuda mumushonga zvinofanana netsanga dziri mukati memasero.
Mitumbi yeHeinz mumuenzaniso mumwe chete
Firimu rimwe chete rakapendwa nenzira yesupravital rinogonawo kuratidza mitumbi yeHeinz, iyo iri kuungana kwehemoglobin yakaitwa oxidation uye yakarasikirwa nechimiro chayo, kwete RNA yasara. Mumienzaniso ine new methylene blue, inooneka semitumbi yakatenderera, kazhinji iri mumwe chete uye pedyo neganda resero, iine bhuruu isina kudzama sezvinhu zvinoumba mambure netambo. Haisi kuramba ichioneka zvakanaka mushure mekusimbiswa nemakemikari nekupendwa nedhayi rechipiri, saka ongorora firimu risina kusimbiswa nemakemikari. Imwe nzira ichangobva kushandiswa yakasanganisa 20 microliters eropa rine EDTA ne20 microliters enew methylene blue ye1 percent, ikasiya musanganiswa kwemaminitsi 15, yobva yaverenga masero ane mitumbi yeHeinz pakati pemasero matsvuku eropa 250, muchidzidzo chePMC chakataura maitiro acho.
Misiyano miviri inodzivirira kududzira zvisiri izvo. Kutanga, methyl violet necrystal violet zvinopenda mitumbi yeHeinz neruvara rwakadzama kupfuura new methylene blue, sezvakataurwa munyaya yeScienceDirect yemitumbi yeHeinz. New methylene blue ndiyo sarudzo iri nyore kana mareticulocyte nemitumbi yeHeinz zvichiongororwa pamwe chete, kwete dhayi rakasimba zvikuru rakanyatsoitirwa mitumbi yeHeinz. Chechipiri, zvinhu zveHbH zviri mukati memasero kana munhu aine alpha thalassemia trait zvinoita tumadonhwe tudiki twakawanda takapararira musero mushure mekupenda nenzira yesupravital, nepo mitumbi yeHeinz yakajairika iri mishoma, yakakura uye ichiwanzobatana neganda resero. Zvimedu zvedhayi zvakagara pamuenzaniso ndizvo zvechitatu zvinogona kufanana nazvo: hazvisi padanho rimwe chete nemasero rinonyatsotarisiswa nemakorosikopu, uye zvinosiyana kubva panzvimbo imwe inoonekwa kuenda kune imwe.
Brilliant cresyl blue ichienzaniswa nenew methylene blue
Madhayi ose ari maviri anoshandiswa kupenda mareticulocyte nenzira yesupravital, asi kutara maitiro akaenzana kunofarira rimwe rawo. Nzira yeCLSI H44-A2 yemareticulocyte, yakagadzirwa pamwe neInternational Council for Standardization in Haematology uye yakanyorwa papeji rechiyero cheCLSI H44, inotara kupenda ropa rine EDTA nenew methylene blue senzira yekuenzanisa inoshandiswa nemaoko. Dzidziso yechinyakare yeongororo yeropa inobvumirana pamusoro pezvinoonekwa: new methylene blue inopenda tambo neruvara rwakadzama uye rwakaenzana zvakanyanya, nepo brilliant cresyl blue ichisiyana zvakanyanya pakati pemapoka anogadzirwa nemienzaniso inoongororwa.
Chinzvimbo ichocho chinofanira kutsanangurwa pamwe nemuganhu wacho. Gwara reICSH rekuongorora michina inoongorora ropa rinogamuchira kuongorora nemakorosikopu uchishandisa new methylene blue nemaoko senzira yekuenzanisa nayo, asi rinoti zvinotsamira pamaonero emuongorori uye hazvina kunyatsorurama zvakanyanya, richifarira nzira dzekuenzanisa dzeflow cytometry kana dziripo. Kuenzanisa kwakaitwa muna2022 kwemienzaniso 100 kwakawana kuti brilliant cresyl blue yakanga ine kutsauka kudiki kubva pamuchina wayo wekuongorora pane new methylene blue, sezvakataurwa mukuenzanisa nzira dzekupenda kwePMC. Pfupiso inotsigirwa neuchapupu yevadzidzi ndeiyi: shandisa new methylene blue senzira yekuenzanisa nemaoko ine maitiro akatarwa, simbisa chero nzira yebrilliant cresyl blue inoshandiswa panzvimbo yako nekuienzanisa nayo kana nemuchina, uye tarisira kusiyana kwakakura kwezvabuda pakuongorora nemakorosikopu nemaoko, zvisinei nedhayi rashandiswa. Mabhuku ekare ekutara maitiro akaenzana aikurudzirawo Azure B yakacheneswa seimwe sarudzo ine makemikari akachena zvakanyanya, nokuti mapoka emadhayi aitengeswa aisiyana, muchidzidzo chaMarshall pamusoro peAzure B, izvo zvinotsanangura nei giredhi rereajenti richiri kutaurwa pakukurukura maitiro.
Kudzivirira zvikanganiso zvinowanzoitwa
Zvikanganiso zvina ndizvo zvinokonzera mienzaniso yakawanda isingabudiriri. Kuodha methylene blue yakajairika panzvimbo penew methylene blue N kunopa ruvara rwusina kusimba nokuda kwemakemikari ayo, kwete nokuda kwemaitiro emushandisi. Kusimbisa nemakemikari kana kupenda nedhayi rechipiri usati waongorora kunobvisa zvinoonekwa zvinobva mukupenda nenzira yesupravital. Kuverenga zvimedu zvedhayi zvakabuda mumushonga setsanga kunokwidza mhedzisiro zvisiri izvo; mutemo wetsanga mbiri nedhayi rakasefwa zvinodzivirira izvi. Kuverenga masero mashoma kana peresenti yemareticulocyte iri shoma kunopa nhamba inoita seyakarurama chaizvo, asi ine miganhu yakafara yekuvimba nemhedzisiro. Chikanganiso chimwe nechimwe chine chiratidzo chimwe chete: muongorori anoshandisa makorosikopu anopa makorosikopu mhosva yezvakanga zvatotarwa padanho rekushandisa reajenti.