Methylene blue nekuvhenekerwa: wavelength, irradiance, uye chimiro chekurapa

Mapepa maviri anotaura nezvekuvhenekera methylene blue nechiedza che10 J pa square cm. Rimwe rinouraya mabhakitiriya. Rimwe harina charinoita chinoyerwa. Muverengi anoenzanisa mwero chete anogumisa kuti tsvakurudzo iyi haipindirani. Tsvakurudzo yacho inopindirana. Mwero hauna kumbobvira watsanangura kuvhenekerwa kwese.

Kuvhenekerwa nechiedza kunosanganisira boka diki rezvinhu zvinoshanda pamwe chete: wavelength, irradiance, nguva yekuvhenekerwa, fluence inobuda, kuwanikwa kweoxygen, kuwanda kwedhayi nekuti mamorekuru ayo akaungana sei, nguva iri pakati pekupiwa kwedhayi nechiedza, uye nzira chaiyo inofamba chiedza musampuli. Kana chimwe chachinja, maitiro emakemikari anokonzerwa nechiedza anochinjawo. Nyaya ino inotsanangura chinhu chimwe nechimwe, yobva yasiyanisa photobiomodulation inoshandisa near infrared nekumutsa dhayi nechiedza zvakananga, nokuti idzi ndidzo nzira mbiri dzinowanzovhiringidzwa.

Wavelength ndiyo inotara kana dhayi ichitora chikamu

Methylene blue iri mumvura inotora chiedza chitsvuku zvakanyanya kana iri monomer, iine peak pedyo ne664 kusvika 665 nm uye chikamu chinosimuka parutivi rwewavelength pfupi pedyo ne610 nm chinokura apo dhayi inoungana kuita madimer nemapoka akakura. Molar extinction pedyo nepeak iri pamwero we65,000 kusvika 85,000 M-1 cm-1, saka misanganiswa ine micromolar concentration yatova nebhuruu rakanyanya. Ongororo yekutanga yemaitiro emethylene blue nechiedza kana iine DNA nezvinhu zvemuzvinhu zvipenyu inonyora maitiro aya ekutora chiedza uye kemisitiri yemamiriro ane simba rakawedzerwa anotevera: kutorwa kwechiedza kunoisa mamorekuru mumamiriro esinglet anogara kwenguva pfupi, obva ayambukira kumamiriro etriplet anogara kwenguva refu, aine zvikamu zvinonzi zvinosvika pedyo ne0.5. Mumusanganiswa une mweya, mamiriro aya anodzimwa neoxygen mukati menguva inosvika 2 microseconds.

Padanho iroro rekudzimwa ndipo panoparadzana nzira mbiri dzemaitiro emakemikari anokonzerwa nechiedza. Mukemisitiri yeType II, dhayi iri mumamiriro etriplet inopa simba kuoxygen iri mumamiriro ayo epasi, yoburitsa singlet oxygen, ine zvikamu zvinowanzotaurwa zviri pedyo ne0.52. Mukemisitiri yeType I, triplet inopa electron kana hydrogen kune chinhu chairi kusangana nacho panzvimbo pezvo, ichiburitsa maradical anosanganisira superoxide nemhando dzehydroxyl. Nzira dzose dziri mbiri dzinogona kushanda panguva imwe chete, uye mugumisiro wephotodynamic wakajairika unoramba uchinyanya kutsamira paoxygen kunyange Type I ichibatsirawo.

Izvi zvinopa mutemo uri nyore pakusarudza wavelength yemethylene blue. Chiedza chitsvuku kubva panenge 630 kusvika 680 nm chinopindirana neband rinotorwa nedhayi, uye 660 kusvika 665 nm iri pedyo nepamusoro pekutorwa kwechiedza nemonomer. Saka chinogona kufambisa kemisitiri yechinhu chinomutswa nechiedza pose panenge paine dhayi inokwana. Near infrared pa810 nm iri kure neband rekutora chiedza remamiriro epasi, saka iwavelength isina kukodzera kumutsa dhayi zvakananga. Kuwanda kwedhayi kunoomesa nyaya nenzira imwe yakajeka: apo kuwanda kunokwira, dhayi yakawanda inenge yava mumadimer nemamwe mapoka anoungana anotora chiedza chiri pedyo ne610 nm uye anomutswa nechiedza zvisinganyanyi kushanda pamorekuru rimwe nerimwe. Saka kupeta dhayi kaviri hakupeti mugumisiro kaviri. Ongororo inoenderana neiyi yemethylene blue nekurapa nechiedza chitsvuku inoona mutemo uyu wekutora chiedza sechinofanira kutanga chaitika kuitira chero maitiro anomutswa nechiedza.

Irradiance, nguva, uye fluence zvinhu zvitatu, kwete chimwe

Fluence, inoyerwa muJ pa square cm, iirradiance yakapetwa nenguva. Kutaura fluence chete kunovanza kukurumidza kwakasvika simba racho, uye kukurumidza ikoko kune basa.

Irradiance yakakwirira inopiwa kwenguva pfupi neirradiance yakaderera inopiwa kwenguva refu zvinogona kupa fluence imwe chete asi kemisitiri yakasiyana. Irradiance yakakwirira inoshandisa oxygen yakanyunguduka nokukurumidza kupfuura painotsiviwa nekupararira kwayo, izvo zvinoderedza nzira yeType II inotsamira paoxygen kuvhenekerwa kusati kwapera. Inounzawo kupisa, uye tishu inopindura kupisa nekuchinja kuyerera kweropa, izvo zvinochinja zvose kuwanikwa kweoxygen nekuparadzirwa kwedhayi. Irradiance yakaderera pakuvhenekerwa kwenguva refu inochengeta oxygen ichisvika, asi inopa maitiro ekugadzirisa nekuwedzerazve oxygen nguva yekushanda kuvhenekerwa kuchiri kuitika. Mabhuku ekemisitiri yechiedza anodana fungidziro yekuti mwero wese chete ndiwo une basa kuti reciprocity. Fungidziro iyi haishandi pose panotora chikamu oxygen, kupisa, kana maitiro ezvinhu zvipenyu, izvo mutishu zvinoitika kanenge nguva dzose.

Kuvhenekerwa kwephotodynamic kunoshandisa methylene blue kurwisa tupukanana muvanhu kunowanzoshandisa 6 kusvika 18 J pa square cm, izvo zvinopindirana nemwero yephotobiomodulation. Naizvozvo fluence yoga haigoni kuratidza kuti inzira ipi iri kushandiswa. Kuvhenekerwa kwe10 J pa square cm pa660 nm mutishu ine dhayi ikemisitiri yechiedza inofambiswa nechinhu chinomutswa nechiedza. Fluence imwe chete pa810 nm mutishu ine dhayi shomanana zvikuru chinhu chakasiyana zvachose. Nhamba dzakafanana. Pfungwa dzakasiyana.

Nzira yechiedza nechimiro chesampuli ndizvo zvinotara zvinosangana nechiedza

Maitiro eBeer Lambert anoreva kuti kumberi kwesampuli kunowana chiedza chakawanda kupfuura kumashure. Mukavheti mune dhayi iri pamwero wemakumi emicromolar, millimeter yekutanga inogona kutora chikamu chikuru chechiedza chitsvuku chinopinda, zvichisiya zvidimbu zvakadzika zvisina kuvhenekerwa zvine zvazvinoita. Isa musanganiswa iwoyo mugomba risina kudzika rine vhoriyamu diki, uye kuvhenekerwa kunenge kwafanana munzvimbo dzose. Dhayi imwe chete, mwenje mumwe chete, fluence imwe chete pamusoro, asi mugumisiro wakasiyana.

Tishu inowedzera kupararira kwechiedza pamusoro pekutorwa kwacho. Chiedza chitsvuku pedyo ne660 nm chinopinda pakudzika kuri pamwero wemillimeters, uye kudzika chaiko kunotarwa nehuwandu hweropa, ruvara rwetishu, nemhando yetishu. Magomba ekuisa sampuli anowedzera kukanganisa kwawo: pamusoro pemvura pakakombama panoita serenzi, chiedza chinoratidzwa nemadziro, magomba ari kumucheto anovharirwa chiedza, uye mavhoriyamu madiki anodziya ari pasi pechitubu chechiedza. Marabhoritari maviri anotaura marongero emwenje akafanana asi achishandisa mhando dzakasiyana dzemapureti, mavhoriyamu, kana madaro kubva pachitubu chechiedza anenge aita zviedzo zvakasiyana.

Darō rinofanira kusimbiswa nokuti ndiro chinhu chinowanzosiyana chisingataurwi. Irradiance inoderera nokukurumidza kana darō kubva pachitubu chine mwaranzi isina kuenzaniswa richiwedzera. Saka mwenje unobviswa pa2 cm woiswa pa5 cm pamusoro pepureti unogona kuderedza irradiance kakawanda, nepo chikamu chinotsanangura nzira dzechidzidzo chichiramba chakafanana. Pasina irradiance yakayerwa pamusoro pesampuli, fluence dzakabudiswa dzichiverengwa kubva pasimba rinotaurwa nemugadziri ifungidziro, kwete zviyero.

Gwara rine tsananguro yezvinhu zvinotarwa: zvinoita kuti kuvhenekerwa kudzokororwe

Chinhu chakagadzirwa chepakutanga chepeji ino irondedzero yekuongorora. Kuvhenekerwa nechiedza muchidzidzo chipi zvacho kunosiya zvinhu izvi hakugoni kuenzaniswa nekwechimwe, kunyange mwero mukuru unotaurwa uchiita sewakafanana.

1. Wavelength nebandwidth. Peak nehupamhi hwese, kwete zita reruvara. LED tsvuku inosanganisira 630 kusvika 680 nm ine kutorwa kwechiedza nedhayi kwakasiyana zvikuru.
2. Irradiance pamusoro pesampuli, yakayerwa, mu mW pa square cm. Wattage yemugadziri haisi irradiance.
3. Nguva nemapulse. Kupiwa kwechiedza nguva dzose kuchienzaniswa nekupiwa mumapulse, kusanganisira frequency yemapulse uye duty cycle pazvinoshanda.
4. Fluence yakaverengwa kubva pazviyero zviviri zviri pamusoro, muJ pa square cm.
5. Kuwanda kwedhayi, magadzirirwo ayo, uye mamiriro ekuungana kwemamorekuru. Monomer pedyo ne664 nm inomutswa nechiedza zvakasiyana nemapoka akaungana pedyo ne610 nm.
6. Nguva iri pakati pemushonga nechiedza. Maminitsi kusvika kumaawa ari pakati pekupiwa kwedhayi nekuvhenekerwa, zvinotara panenge paine dhayi apo chiedza chinosvika.
7. Kuwanikwa kweoxygen. Musanganiswa une mweya uchienzaniswa netishu ine oxygen shoma unochinja zvakananga kuenzana kweType I neType II.
8. Chimiro. Kudzika kwesampuli, vhoriyamu, mhando yemudziyo, darō nekona yechitubu chechiedza, uye kudzika kwenzvimbo yetishu iri kunangwa.

Tsika inobatsira pakudzidza mapepa: tanga waongorora nguva iri pakati pemushonga nechiedza. Inoratidza chinangwa. Magadzirirwo ephotodynamic anovhenekera tishu ine dhayi nemaune. Magadzirirwo anosanganisa nzira mbiri anogona kuparadzanisa izvi nemaune, sezviri pasi apa.

Photobiomodulation yenear infrared haisi kumutsa dhayi nechiedza

Photobiomodulation, inowanzopfupikiswa kuti PBM, inoshandisa chiedza chitsvuku kana near infrared kugadzirisa kutumirwa kwezviratidzo mukati memuviri pasina kuwedzera chinhu chinomutswa nechiedza. Kurapa kwephotodynamic, kunowanzopfupikiswa kuti PDT, kunoshandisa zvinhu zvitatu pamwe chete: chiedza chinotorwa nechinhu chinomutswa nechiedza, chinhu chacho, uye oxygen, kugadzira kubuda kamwe chete kwezvinhu zvinoshanda nemakemikari zvinokuvadza chakanangwa. Ongororo yemitochondria sechinangwa chekudzivirira masero etsinga inobatanidza methylene blue nePBM nokuti zvinosvika pamaitiro ekufema kwemasero zvichibva kumativi akasiyana: dhayi inoshanda sechinhu chinodzokorora redox chichikurudzira kufamba kwemaelectron, nepo zvichifungidzirwa kuti PBM inokurudzira kuparadzana kwenitric oxide inodzivisa kushanda necytochrome c oxidase paComplex IV. Maitiro iwayo eenzyme anofanira kuramba achitsanangurwa sefungidziro.

Zvidzidzo zviviri zvemakonzo zvinosanganisa nzira idzi zvinonyanya kutaurwa zvose zvinoshandisa chiedza che810 nm, uye ndicho chikonzero chaicho nei zvisingaratidzi kumutswa kwedhayi nechiedza. Muchidzidzo chekurapa kusati kwaitwa kushayiswa hope, makonzo akapiwa methylene blue zuva nezuva pa0.5 mg pa kg, laser ye810 nm ine mapulse zuva rimwe richisvetukwa, kana zvose zviri zviviri vasati vashayiswa hope. Kurapa kwakabatanidzwa kusati kwashayiswa hope kwakadzivirira maitiro ane chekuita nekurangarira nemapuroteni emasynapse emuh hippocampus, nepo nzira imwe neimwe yoga yakanyanya kutadza. Muchidzidzo chekushushikana kwenguva refu chine kurapa kunoitwa panguva imwe chete, makonzo akapiwa PBM ye810 nm pa8 J pa square cm pamwe nedhayi yezuva nezuva pa0.5 mg pa kg. Laser yakashandiswa kutanga uye dhayi yakabaiwa maawa maviri gare gare, chaizvo kudzivisa kuvhenekera tishu ine dhayi. Mapoka ose matatu akadzorera shure kutadza kudzidza, uye kubatsirwa kwekuwedzera kwakanyanya kuonekwa pacortisol iri muserum nezvinhu zveoxygen zvinoshanda nemakemikari muuropi. Migumisiro iyi inoedza nzira mbiri dzakanangana nemitochondria dzichishandiswa pamwe chete, musiyano unochengetwa uchionekwa nemuunganidzwa wezvidzidzo zvephotodynamic kuburikidza nekunyora wavelength yechinhu chimwe nechimwe chiri kuongororwa.

Uchapupu hweganda huri kune rumwe rutivi. Mashoko ezvidzidzo zvevanhu anoshandisa methylene blue nechiedza paganda anonyanya kuungana pa630 kusvika 680 nm, aine dhayi inoiswa pamusoro kana mukati menzvimbo iri kunangwa uye chinangwa chekuparadza kana kugadziridzazve tishu, izvo zvinova PDT netsananguro yayo. Kutaura kubviswa ikoko seuchapupu hwekuti dhayi inosimudzira PBM, kana kutaura kudzorerwa kwakaitika mumakonzo ne810 nm seuchapupu hwekuti panel ye660 nm pamwe nedhayi inzira yekuvandudza kugona kufunga, kuvhenganisa nzira idzi. Gwara remiyero nemaitiro emishonga uye gwara rekuchengeteka nekudyidzana zvinotsanangura zvakadzama zvikamu zvenyaya iyi pamusoro pekuwanda kwedhayi nemamiriro asingabvumiri kushandiswa kwayo.

Doma pfungwa yacho usati waenzanisa nhamba. Wavelength inotara kana dhayi ichitora chiedza. Irradiance nenguva zvinotara zvinoitwa nekemisitiri nekutorwa ikoko kwechiedza. Chimiro chinotara chikamu chesampuli chinosangana nechero chipi zvacho chezvinhu izvi. Kuvhenekerwa kuviri kwakafanana pachinhu chimwe asi kwakasiyana pane zvimwe zvose zviedzo zvakasiyana, uye kuona sokuti zvinogona kutsinhaniswa ndiko kukanganisa kuri kudzivirirwa negwara iri. Hapana nzira yekushandisa kumba inobva pane izvi; chiedza chine wavelength inowirirana nedhayi pamwe nedhayi iri mumuviri wese zvinoshandura kuvhenekerwa kwaingogadzirisa maitiro kuva kemisitiri inofambiswa nechinhu chinomutswa nechiedza, iyo inofanira kuitwa nenyanzvi dzekurapa.