Uko wakura ubururu bwa methylene mu mazi ya akwarium nyuma yo kuvura

Doze ya nyuma yashyizwemo ejo. Amafi asa n'ameze neza kurushaho, none usigaranye akwarium y'ubururu n'ikibazo kigaragara: ese akazi kararangiye, kandi nakuramo nte iri bara?

Ibi ni ibibazo bibiri bitandukanye, kandi kubitiranya ni byo bitera amakosa menshi nyuma yo kuvura. Gukuraho irangi ni umurimo wo gusukura ufite urukurikirane rw'intambwe ruzwi. Kwemeza ko amafi ari mazima ni umurimo wo gusuzuma ushingiye ku bimenyetso byawo. Iyi ngingo isobanura byombi, muri urwo rutonde, kandi ikarangirana n'urutonde ushobora gukurikiza uri iruhande rwa akwarium.

Imirimo ibiri, si umwe

Fata iherezo ry'ubuvuzi nk'ibintu bibiri bigenda icyarimwe. Icya mbere ni ugukuraho irangi: ubururu bwa methylene bwashonze mu mazi buvamo binyuze mu kuyungurura no mu adsorption kugeza amazi asa n'asukuye. Icya kabiri ni ugukemuka kw'ikibazo: ikibazo cyari gihari gihagarika gukomeza gukura, maze amafi agasubira mu myitwarire isanzwe. Icya mbere gishobora kurangira icya kabiri kitararangira. Amazi asukuye si gihamya y'uko ikibazo cyakize, kandi akwarium ikibazo cyakemutsemo ishobora gukomeza kugira ibizinga by'ubururu mu byumweru byinshi.

Bityo ukurikire izo nzira zombi ukwazo. Banza usoze gahunda yose yo kuvura ukurikije gahunda ya doze watangiranye mbere yo gutangira gusukura, kandi usuzume ikibazo urebye amafi gusa, ntuzigere ugishingira ku ibara. Gusukura ntigusubiza ikibazo cyo kumenya niba ikibazo cy'umwimerere cyakemutse.

Intambwe ya 1: hindura igice cy'amazi

Tangira gusukura uhindura igice cy'amazi, aho gusenya no kongera gutunganya akwarium yose. Guhindura amazi yose bishyira igitutu ku mafi amaze kunyura mu buvuzi, kandi ntibikenewe: dilution hamwe na carbon bikuraho irangi ryashonze mu mazi. Ihindurwa rya mbere ry'amazi ryiza ni 30 to 50 percent, ukoresheje amazi yakuwemo chlorine kandi afite ubushyuhe buhuye n'ubwa akwarium. Abakora ibikoresho nka Fluval basobanura uburyo nk'ubwo nyuma yo gukoresha imiti mu mabwiriza yabo yo kwirinda indwara no gusubirana: hindura amazi nyuma y'uko imiti irangiye, hanyuma ukoreshe carbon nshya.

Amabwiriza yemewe ya Kordon ku gicuruzwa cyayo cya methylene blue abivuga mu buryo bworoshye: ubuvuzi burangiye, hindura igice cyangwa amazi yose maze usubize activated carbon filtration. Kordon ntitanga ijanisha nyaryo cyangwa umubare udahinduka wa carbon hours, bityo ufate 30 to 50 percent nk'imikorere myiza, atari amagambo ari ku kirango cy'igicuruzwa. Niba amazi agifite ubururu bwinshi nyuma ya 24 to 48 hours yo kuyungurura hakoreshejwe carbon, ongera uhindure 25 to 50 percent y'amazi.

Hari ikintu kimwe kiruta ikibazo cy'ibara. Niba ammonia cyangwa nitrite izamutse, hindura amazi ukurikije ibisomwa by'ibipimo, atari uko amazi asa. Kuva ubu, ibisomwa bya ammonia na nitrite, si ibara, ni byo bigomba kugena gahunda yawe yo guhindura amazi.

Intambwe ya 2: koresha activated carbon nshya

Carbon ni cyo gikoresho nyamukuru cyo gukuraho igice cy'irangi ryashonze mu mazi gisigara nyuma yo guhindura amazi. Ntabwo ihindura irangi mu buryo bwa chimie. Irarikurura ikarifatanya na yo binyuze muri adsorption: molekile z'irangi ziva mu mazi zigafatana n'ubuso bw'imbere bwa carbon binyuze mu kuzuza imyenge, electrostatic attraction, no gukorana n'imiterere aromatic ya carbon, nk'uko byavuzwe mu isuzuma ry'uko methylene blue ikururwa na activated carbon. Ubu buryo bugira ingaruka imwe y'ingenzi mu bikorwa. Ubushobozi bwa carbon buragira aho bugarukira. Iyo ahantu hashobora gufata irangi huzuye, carbon isigaye nta cyo ikora, kandi carbon nshya gusa ni yo ikomeza umurimo.

Uburyo bukurikira ni bwo bukomoka kuri ibyo:

Koresha carbon nshya, yabanje kozwa kugira ngo ivemo umukungugu. Carbon yari mu kabati mu gihe cyo kuvura, cyangwa ikibi kurushaho, carbon yasigaye muri filitiri mu gihe cyo kuvura, si yo ikwiriye gukoreshwa. Carbon yasigaye mu mwanya wayo mu gihe cyo gutanga doze ikurura umuti ubwawo, ni yo mpamvu Kordon isaba kuyikuramo mbere yo kuvura ariko mechanical filtration igakomeza gukora.
Shyira carbon aho amazi anyura cyane, nyuma ya mechanical media, kugira ngo amazi ya akwarium ayinyuremo koko.
Yikoreshe ubudahagarara mu gihe cya hafi 24 to 48 hours, hanyuma urebe amazi. Iki gihe gikunze gukoreshwa muri akwarium mu gukuraho ibara ry'imiti isigaye, ariko si amabwiriza yihariye ari ku kirango.
Niba amazi agifite ubururu bugaragara, ongera uhindure igice cy'amazi kandi usimbuze carbon n'indi nshya. Ntukomeze gukoresha ya carbon imwe igihe kirekire wizeye ko izakomeza gukora. Menya ibyo carbon idashobora gukora. Ikuraho irangi ryashonze mu mazi. Ntabwo isanura biofilter yangiritse, ngo isubize amafi ubuzima, cyangwa ngo igaragaze ikintu icyo ari cyo cyose ku kibazo cyavurwaga. Komeza gufata izo nzira ukwazo.

Intambwe ya 3: emera ibizinga by'ibara bisigara

Aha ni ho abarera amafi bahura n'ikintu gikunda kubatungura cyane. Amazi ashobora gupimwa neza kandi akagaragara nk'asukuye mu gihe imirongo ya silicone, tubing, filter sponges, ibiti n'imitako bikomeza kugira ubururu. Ibyo ni ibisanzwe, kandi ntibisobanura ko irangi ryashonze mu mazi rikiri ku rugero rwakoreshwaga mu kuvura.

Kordon iburira kuri ibi mu buryo butaziguye: ibikoresho bifite imyenge nka rock n'ibiti bifata irangi, ubuvuzi bukora neza kurushaho muri akwarium idafite ibikoresho byinshi, kandi silicone sealant ishobora kugumana ibara burundu. Bityo akwarium ishobora kugera ku rwego rusa nabi ariko rukaba rwiza mu buryo bwa chimie: amazi asukuye, imirongo ya silicone ikiri ubururu. Ibizinga ku bwoko bumwe bwa plastic na sponge bishobora kugenda bigabanuka uko amazi agenda ahindurwa. Ibara rya silicone akenshi ntirigenda, kandi rigomba gufatwa nk'ikibazo cy'uburanga gusa.

Kurikiza iri tandukaniro. Niba umutako ushobora gukurwamo ukomeza kurekura ubururu bugaragara mu mazi mashya, wukuremo uwunyike kandi uwoge ukwawo aho gukomeza guhindura amazi yose ya akwarium. Suzuma irangi ryashonze mu mazi urebye amazi ubwayo nyuma y'uko carbon imaze gukora, ntushingire ku ibara ry'imirongo ya silicone. Kandi wambare uturindantoki igihe ufata media yanyoye irangi, ukurikize amabwiriza asanzwe yo gufata iryo rangi, kuko ikintu cyose irangi ryakozeho kigumana ubururu, harimo n'uruhu.

Intambwe ya 4: genzura filitiri, cyane cyane biofilter

Igihe carbon ikurwamo cyangwa igasubizwamo mu gihe cy'ubuvuzi ni ingenzi mu mpande zombi. Mbere yo kuvura, carbon irakurwamo, kuko bitabaye ibyo ikuramo doze ushaka kugumana mu mazi. Nyuma ya doze ya nyuma, carbon nshya ihita isubizwamo.

Ikibazo kigoye kurushaho ni biological filtration. Methylene blue ntabwo ibura ingaruka kuri nitrifying bacteria. Kordon ivuga ko igicuruzwa kitagomba gukoreshwa muri recirculating systems zishingiye kuri biological filtration, kubera ko kibangamira imikorere isanzwe ya biological processes z'itsinda rya nitrifying bacteria rihindura ammonia mo nitrite hanyuma nitrate. Hospital tank idafite ibikoresho byinshi yirinda iki kibazo burundu, ari indi mpamvu ituma kuvurira hanze ya display tank biba byiza igihe protocol ibikwemerera.

Niba waravuriye muri akwarium nyamukuru, fata ko biofilter ishobora kuba yaracitse intege maze ubigenzure aho kubyizera gusa:

Ntujugunye sponge cyangwa ceramic media byafashe ubururu. Ibara ni ikibazo cy'uburanga gusa, kandi kujugunya media ni ukujugunya n'itsinda rya nitrifying bacteria ryose ryaba ryararokotse.
Pima ammonia na nitrite buri munsi kugeza byombi bigumye kuri zero mu gihe amafi agaburirwa bisanzwe. Carbon ikuraho imiti isigaye; itsinda rya bacteria risubirana ku muvuduko waryo gahoro.
Niba kimwe muri ibyo bipimo kizamutse, hindura amazi ku rugero ruhuye n'ibisomwa kandi ugabanye ibyo ugaburira kugeza filitiri yongeye gusubirana. Ha bacteria igihe, aho kongeramo izindi chemicals.

Kwemeza ko ikibazo cy'amafi cyakemutse

Noneho reba inzira ya kabiri. Buri kibazo gifite ibisobanuro byacyo by'iterambere, kandi nta na kimwe muri byo ari "amazi yasukuye."

Ku fungus iri ku magi, iterambere risobanura ko ururenda rumeze nk'ipamba ruhagarika gukwirakwira, nta yandi magi mashya afatwa na fungus, kandi amagi ashobora gukura agakomeza gukura. Kuramo amagi yapfuye n'ayafashwe na fungus aho kuyasigira kugira ngo atume ikibazo cyongera gukura, kandi urangize igihe cyose cyo kuvura amagi cyavuzwe ku gicuruzwa.

Ku white spot disease, iterambere risobanura ko nta tuntu dushya tugaragara, utwari dusanzweho tukabura, kandi flashing, clamped fins, lethargy, n'ingorane zo guhumeka bigashira. Ntufate kubura kw'utuntu gusa nk'ikimenyetso gihagije: parasite iva ku mafi kugira ngo yororokere mu bidukikije, kandi zimwe mu nzego z'ubuzima bwayo ntizifatwa n'imiti, bityo kubura kw'utuntu kwonyine ntikwemeza ko ikibazo cyakemutse. Uko iyi life cycle ikora bisobanurwa mu gitabo cy'ubuvuzi bw'amatungo ku ndwara za parasite z'amafi.

Ku kwangirika kwa fins, reba niba inkombe zihagaritse gukomeza gusubira inyuma, umutuku na fuzz bigashira, appetite n'imyitwarire bigasubira ku bisanzwe, hanyuma uko igihe gihita hakagaragara imikurire mishya. Inkombe zikomeza kuba ragged, hemorrhage, cyangwa ulcers bigaragaza ko hakiri ikibazo cya bacteria cyangwa icy'ibidukikije kitarakemuka. Methylene blue si umuti rusange w'indwara za bacteria zangiza fins, bityo gukomeza kwangirika bisaba kongera gusuzuma diagnosis, aho guhita wongera gukoresha irangi kubera akamenyero. Amabwiriza yo gucunga amafi yo muri akwarium avuga ihame rusange nk'iryo: soza gahunda yanditse ku kirango, hanyuma ukomeze kwitegereza mu mazi asukuye.

Itegeko rikoreshwa: niba lesions zahagaritse gukomeza kwiyongera kandi amafi akarya akanitwara bisanzwe, yimurire mu kwitegereza mu mazi asukuye. Niba hagaragaye utuntu dushya, fungus, gutakaza fins, ulcers, ingorane zo guhumeka, cyangwa imyitwarire idasanzwe, ongera usuzume diagnosis aho kongera gukoresha irangi ku bw'akamenyero.

Mbere yo gusubiza amafi yavuwe muri display tank, yagumane ukwawo kugeza arangije gahunda yose hamwe n'igihe cyo kwitegereza nta bimenyetso. Inkomoko zikomeye ku bijyanye na biosecurity zishyiraho urwego rwo hejuru: quarantine standard yo mu gitabo cy'ubuvuzi bw'amatungo ni nibura 30 days za quarantine, naho amabwiriza y'abakunzi b'amafi yo muri Aquarium Co-Op's quarantine guide avuga four to six weeks kuva ku kimenyetso cya nyuma cy'ikibazo. Huza igihe cyo kuyagumana ukwawo n'uburemere bw'ibyo ushaka kurinda muri display tank yawe.

Urutonde rwo kwita kuri akwarium nyuma yo kuvura

Ibi byandike ku rupapuro maze ubikurikire uri iruhande rwa akwarium. Aya matsinda atatu yatandukanyijwe nkana: ibara ry'amazi, ibizinga ku bikoresho, na filtration buri kimwe gifite aho umurimo wacyo urangirira.

Ibara ry'amazi: kura irangi ryashonze mu mazi

Doze ya nyuma yarangiye hakurikijwe protocol yose, ntiyahagaritswe hakiri kare kubera ko ibara ryagabanutse
Ihindurwa rya mbere ry'igice cy'amazi ryakozwe, 30 to 50 percent, amazi yatunganyijwe kandi ubushyuhe bwayo buhuye n'ubwa akwarium
Activated carbon nshya, yogejwe, yashyizwe aho amazi anyura cyane muri filitiri kandi ikora ubudahagarara
Nyuma ya 24 to 48 hours, amazi yongeye gusuzumwa; hakorwa irindi hindurwa rya 25 to 50 percent kandi hagashyirwamo carbon nshya niba ubururu bukigaragara
Gahunda isanzwe yo guhindura amazi yasubukuwe amazi amaze kugaragara nk'asukuye

Ibizinga ku bikoresho: tandukanya ibara ry'uburanga n'irangi ryashonze

Imirongo ya silicone yagenzuwe; ibara ry'ubururu ridashira ryemewe nk'ikibazo cy'uburanga gusa niba ibipimo by'amazi ari byiza
Imitako ifite imyenge n'ibiti byagenzuwe niba birekura irangi; ibirekura irangi byanyitswe kandi byogwa ukwabyo
Filter sponges na tubing byagaragaye ko byafashe ibara ariko bikomeza gukoreshwa
Uturindantoki twakoreshejwe mu gufata media yose yanyoye irangi

Filtration: subizaho chemical removal, wemeze biological function

Carbon ishaje cyangwa yakoreshejwe mu gihe cy'ubuvuzi yajugunywe, carbon nshya ishyirwamo gusa nyuma ya doze ya nyuma
Mechanical filtration yemejwe ko yakomeje gukora igihe cyose; biological media yagumishijweho, ntiyasimbujwe kubera ibara
Ammonia na nitrite byapimwe buri munsi kugeza byombi bigumye kuri zero mu gihe amafi agaburirwa bisanzwe
Izamuka iryo ari ryo ryose rya ammonia cyangwa nitrite ryakemuwe n'ihindurwa ry'amazi rihuye n'ibisomwa no kugabanya ibyo amafi agaburirwa Kurikiza uru rutonde uko rukurikirana, kandi ureke buri tsinda rirangire hashingiwe ku bimenyetso byaryo. Iyo itsinda ry'amazi rirangiye, irangi riba ryavuye mu mazi. Iyo filtration igumye kuri zero, biofilter iba yasubiranye. Iyo amafi akomeje kutagira ibimenyetso, ubuvuzi buba bwarakoze. Aho kurangirira hatatu, buri hamwe hafite gihamya yako.