Momwe mungachotsere methylene blue m'madzi a aquarium pambuyo pa chithandizo

Mlingo womaliza unaperekedwa dzulo. Nsombazo zikuoneka bwino, ndipo tsopano muli ndi thanki yabuluu komanso funso lodziwikiratu: kodi ntchito yatha, ndipo ndingachotse bwanji mtunduwo?

Awa ndi mafunso awiri osiyana, ndipo kuwasokoneza kumayambitsa zolakwa zambiri pambuyo pa chithandizo. Kuchotsa utoto ndi ntchito yoyeretsa yomwe ili ndi dongosolo lodziwika bwino. Kutsimikizira kuti nsombazo zili bwino ndi ntchito yodziwira vutolo yomwe imafuna umboni wake. Nkhaniyi ikufotokoza zonsezi motsatira dongosolo limenelo, ndipo imatha ndi mndandanda womwe mungatsatire muli pafupi ndi thanki.

Ntchito ziwiri, osati imodzi

Ganizirani kutha kwa chithandizo ngati zinthu ziwiri zomwe zikuyendera limodzi. Choyamba ndi kuchotsa utoto: methylene blue yosungunuka imachoka m'madzi kudzera mu kuchepetsedwa kwa kuchuluka kwake ndi adsorption mpaka thankiyo ioneke yoyera. Chachiwiri ndi kutha kwa matenda: vuto loyambirira limasiya kupitirirabe ndipo nsomba zimabwerera ku khalidwe lachibadwa. Choyamba chingathe pamene chachiwiri sichinathe. Madzi oyera si umboni wakuti vutolo lachira, ndipo thanki yomwe vuto lake latha ikhoza kukhalabe ndi madontho abuluu kwa milungu ingapo.

Choncho tsatirani njira ziwirizi mosiyana. Malizitsani nthawi yonse ya chithandizo malinga ndi ndandanda ya mlingo yomwe munayambira musanayambe kuyeretsa, ndipo yesani momwe matendawo alili potengera nsomba zokha, osati mtundu wa madzi. Kuyeretsa sikukuyankha ngati vuto loyambirira lathetsedwa.

Gawo 1: sinthani mbali ya madzi

Yambani kuyeretsa ndi kusintha mbali ya madzi, osati kuchotsa ndi kuyambiranso zonse mu thanki. Kusintha madzi onse kumapanikiza nsomba zomwe zangomaliza kumene chithandizo, ndipo sikofunikira: kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa utoto m'madzi kuphatikiza carbon kumachotsa utoto wosungunuka. Kusintha koyamba kothandiza ndi 30 mpaka 50 percent, pogwiritsa ntchito madzi ochotsedwa chlorine omwe kutentha kwake kwafanana ndi kwa thanki. Opanga monga Fluval amafotokoza njira yomweyi pambuyo pa mankhwala mu malangizo awo oletsa matenda ndi kuchira: sinthani madzi mankhwala akatha, kenako gwiritsani ntchito carbon yatsopano.

Malangizo ovomerezeka a Kordon a mankhwala ake a methylene blue amafotokoza zofunikira mophweka: kumapeto kwa chithandizo, sinthani mbali kapena madzi onse ndipo yambitsaninso kusefera ndi activated carbon. Kordon sapereka percent yeniyeni kapena maola enieni ogwiritsira ntchito carbon, choncho 30 mpaka 50 percent iyenera kuonedwa ngati njira yabwino yogwirira ntchito, osati mawu a pa label. Ngati madzi akadali abuluu kwambiri pambuyo pa maola 24 mpaka 48 osefera ndi carbon, sinthaninso 25 mpaka 50 percent ya madzi.

Pali chosiyana chimodzi chomwe chimaposa nkhani ya mtundu wonse. Ngati ammonia kapena nitrite ikwera, sinthani madzi potengera zotsatira za mayeso, osati mtundu wa madzi. Kuyambira pano, zotsatira za ammonia ndi nitrite, osati mtundu, ndizo ziyenera kutsogolera ndandanda yanu yosinthira madzi.

Gawo 2: gwiritsani ntchito activated carbon yatsopano

Carbon ndiyo chida chachikulu chochotsera utoto wosungunuka womwe umatsala pambuyo posintha madzi. Sikuti imachotsa mphamvu ya utotowo mwa kusintha mankhwala ake. Imaadsorb utotowo: mamolekyu a utoto amachoka m'madzi n'kumamatira pamalo amkati a carbon kudzera mu kudzaza timabowo, kukopana kwa ma charge amagetsi, ndi kulumikizana ndi kapangidwe ka aromatic ka carbon, monga tafotokozera mu ndemanga ya adsorption ya methylene blue pa activated carbon. Njira imeneyi ili ndi tanthauzo limodzi lothandiza. Mphamvu yake ili ndi malire. Malo omwe utoto ungamamatire akadzaza, carbon yotsalayo siyithandizanso, ndipo carbon yatsopano yokha ndiyo imapitiriza ntchitoyi.

Njira yoyenera ndi iyi:

Gwiritsani ntchito carbon yatsopano, yochapidwa kuti ichotse fumbi. Carbon yomwe inakhala mu kabati nthawi yonse ya chithandizo, kapena choipa kwambiri, yomwe inasiyidwa mu filter panthawi ya chithandizo, si carbon yoyenera. Carbon yomwe imasiyidwa pamene mukupereka mankhwala imaadsorb mankhwalawo, n'chifukwa chake Kordon amati ichotsedwe chithandizo chisanayambe pamene mechanical filtration ikupitiriza kugwira ntchito.
Ikani pamalo pomwe madzi amayenda mwamphamvu kwambiri, pambuyo pa mechanical media, kuti madzi a thanki azidutsadi mmenemo.
Igwiritseni ntchito mosalekeza kwa pafupifupi maola 24 mpaka 48, kenako yang'anani madzi. Nthawi imeneyi ndi njira yofala mu chisamaliro cha aquarium pochotsa mtundu wotsala wa mankhwala, osati lamulo la pa label.
Ngati madzi akadali abuluu momveka bwino, sinthaninso mbali ya madzi ndipo m'malo mwa carbon ikani yatsopano. Musapitirize kugwiritsa ntchito carbon yomweyo kwa nthawi yaitali n'kumangoyembekezera. Dziwani zomwe carbon singachite. Imachotsa utoto wosungunuka. Siyikonza biofilter yomwe yawonongeka, siyibwezeretsa nsomba, ndipo siyikutsimikizira chilichonse chokhudza matenda. Pitirizani kusiyanitsa njirazi.

Gawo 3: vomerezani zomwe zimakhalabe zodetsedwa

Apa ndi pamene osamalira aquarium amakumana ndi chodabwitsa chomwe chimakhala kwa nthawi yaitali kwambiri. Madzi angayese ngati oyera komanso kuoneka oyera pamene ma seam a silicone, tubing, ma sponge a filter, nkhuni, ndi zokongoletsa zikadali zabuluu. Izi ndi zachibadwa, ndipo sizikutanthauza kuti utoto wosungunuka udakali pa mphamvu ya nthawi ya chithandizo.

Kordon imachenjeza izi mwachindunji: zinthu zokhala ndi timabowo monga miyala ndi nkhuni zimayamwa utotowo, chithandizo chimagwira bwino kwambiri mu thanki yopanda zinthu zambiri, ndipo silicone sealant ikhoza kukhala ndi mtundu mpaka kalekale. Choncho thanki ingafike pa mkhalidwe womwe ukuoneka wolakwika koma mwa mankhwala uli bwino: madzi oyera, ma seam abuluu. Madontho pa mapulasitiki ena ndi ma sponge amatha kuchepa mukamasintha madzi mtsogolo. Madontho pa silicone nthawi zambiri satha, ndipo ayenera kuonedwa ngati nkhani ya maonekedwe okha.

Chitani zinthu potengera kusiyana kumeneku. Ngati chokongoletsa chochotseka chikupitiriza kutulutsa buluu wowoneka m'madzi atsopano, chotseni ndipo muchiviike ndi kuchichapa padera m'malo mosintha thanki yonse mobwerezabwereza. Yesani utoto wosungunuka potengera madzi a mu thanki carbon itatha kugwira ntchito, osati mtundu wa ma seam. Ndipo valani magolovesi pogwira media zomwe zanyowa ndi utoto, potsatira njira zachibadwa zotetezera pogwira utotowo, chifukwa chilichonse chomwe utotowo wakhudza chimakhala chabuluu, kuphatikizapo khungu.

Gawo 4: yang'anani filter, makamaka biofilter

Nthawi yogwiritsira ntchito carbon poyerekeza ndi nthawi ya chithandizo ndi yofunika mbali zonse ziwiri. Chithandizo chisanayambe, carbon imachotsedwa, apo ayi imachotsa mlingo womwe mukufuna usungike. Mlingo womaliza ukatha, carbon yatsopano imabwezeretsedwamo nthawi yomweyo.

Funso lovuta kwambiri ndi biological filtration. Methylene blue si yopanda vuto kwa mabakiteriya a nitrifying. Kordon imanena kuti mankhwalawo sayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito m'makina a recirculating omwe amadalira biological filtration, chifukwa amasokoneza njira zachibadwa za biological za gulu la nitrifying lomwe limasintha ammonia kukhala nitrite kenako nitrate. Thanki ya chipatala yopanda zinthu zambiri imapewa vutoli kwathunthu, chomwe ndi chifukwa china chomwe kuchitira chithandizo kunja kwa display tank kumakhala koyenera nthawi iliyonse yomwe protocol imalola.

Ngati munachitira chithandizo mu thanki yaikulu, ganizirani kuti biofilter ikhoza kukhala yafooka ndipo mutsimikizire m'malo mongoyembekezera:

Musataye sponge kapena ceramic media chifukwa choti ndi zabuluu. Mtunduwo ndi wa maonekedwe okha, ndipo kutaya media kumatanthauzanso kutaya gulu lililonse la nitrifying lomwe linapulumuka.
Yesani ammonia ndi nitrite tsiku lililonse mpaka zonse zikhale pa zero pamene kudyetsa kuli kwachibadwa. Carbon imachotsa mankhwala otsala; gulu la mabakiteriya limabwezeretsedwa lokha pa nthawi yake yochedwa.
Ngati chimodzi mwa zotsatirazi chikukwera, chitani kusintha madzi molingana ndi kuchuluka komwe mayeso akusonyeza ndipo chepetsani kudyetsa mpaka filter itabwezeretsedwa. Perekani mabakiteriyawo nthawi, osati mankhwala ena.

Kutsimikizira kuti vuto la nsomba lathetsedwa

Tsopano njira yachiwiri. Vuto lililonse lili ndi tanthauzo lake la kusintha, ndipo palibe lomwe ndi "madzi ayeratu."

Pa fungus ya mazira, kusintha kumatanthauza kuti kukula ngati thonje kumasiya kufalikira, palibe mazira atsopano omwe akukhala ndi fungus, ndipo mazira omwe angakhale ndi moyo akupitiriza kukula. Chotsani mazira akufa ndi omwe ali ndi fungus m'malo mowasiya kuti ayambitsenso kufalikira, ndipo malizitsani nthawi ya chithandizo cha mazira yomwe yafotokozedwa ndi wopanga.

Pa white spot disease, kusintha kumatanthauza kuti palibe madontho atsopano omwe akuoneka, madontho omwe analipo akusowa, ndipo kudzikwiza, zipsepse zomangika, kufooka, ndi kupuma movutikira zikutha. Musaganize kuti kusowa kwa madontho kokha ndi umboni wokwanira: tizilombo toyambitsa matendawa timachoka pa nsomba kuti tikachulukane m'chilengedwe, ndipo magawo ena a moyo wake amalimbana ndi mankhwala, choncho kusowa kwa madontho kokha sikutsimikizira kuchira. Njira ya moyo imeneyi yafotokozedwa mu buku la za ziweto lokhudza matenda a tizilombo pa nsomba.

Pa kuwonongeka kwa zipsepse, yang'anani kuti m'mphepete muleke kubwerera m'mbuyo, kufiira ndi zinthu ngati ubweya zithe, ndipo njala ndi khalidwe zibwerere mwachibadwa, kenako pakapita nthawi pakhale kukula kwatsopano. M'mphepete mopitiriza kung'ambika, kutuluka magazi, kapena zilonda zingasonyeze vuto la mabakiteriya kapena chilengedwe lomwe silinathetsedwe. Methylene blue si mankhwala ochizira matenda onse a mabakiteriya a zipsepse, choncho kuwonongeka kukapitirirabe kumafuna kuunikanso zomwe zayambitsa vutolo, osati kubwereza utotowo mwachizolowezi. Malangizo oyendetsera aquarium fish amafotokozanso mfundo yomweyi: malizitsani nthawi ya chithandizo monga yalembedwera pa label, kenako yang'anirani nsomba m'madzi oyera.

Lamulo lothandiza ndi ili: ngati zilonda zasiya kukulirakulira ndipo nsomba ikudya ndi kuchita zinthu mwachibadwa, pitani ku kuyang'anira m'madzi oyera. Ngati madontho atsopano, fungus, kutayika kwa zipsepse, zilonda, kupuma movutikira, kapena khalidwe losazolowereka zikuwonekera, onaninso zomwe zayambitsa vutolo m'malo mobwereza utotowo mwachizolowezi.

Musanabwezeretse nsomba zomwe zachiritsidwa mu display tank, zisungeni padera mpaka zitamaliza nthawi yonse ya chithandizo kuphatikiza nthawi yoyang'anira yopanda zizindikiro. Ma reference osamala a biosecurity amakhazikitsa muyezo wapamwamba: muyezo wa quarantine wa buku la za ziweto ndi quarantine ya masiku osachepera 30, ndipo malangizo a hobby ochokera ku kalozera wa quarantine wa Aquarium Co-Op amati masabata anayi mpaka asanu ndi limodzi kuchokera pamene chizindikiro chomaliza cha matenda chinaoneka. Sankhani nthawi yosunga padera mogwirizana ndi kufunika kwa display tank yanu.

Mndandanda wa chisamaliro cha aquarium pambuyo pa chithandizo

Koperani izi papepala ndipo mutsatire muli pafupi ndi thanki. Magulu atatuwa amasungidwa mosiyana mwadala: mtundu wa madzi, madontho pa zinthu, ndi kusefera zonse zili ndi malo awo omalizira.

Mtundu wa madzi: chotsani utoto wosungunuka

Mlingo womaliza waperekedwa malinga ndi protocol yonse, osasiya msanga chifukwa mtundu wachepa
Kusintha koyamba kwa mbali ya madzi kwachitika, 30 mpaka 50 percent, madzi atakonzedwa ndipo kutentha kwake kwafanana
Activated carbon yatsopano yochapidwa yaikidwa pamalo a filter pomwe madzi amayenda kwambiri, ndipo ikugwiritsidwa ntchito mosalekeza
Pambuyo pa maola 24 mpaka 48, madzi ayang'anidwanso; kusintha kwachiwiri kwa 25 mpaka 50 percent kuphatikiza carbon yatsopano ngati madzi akadali abuluu momveka bwino
Ndandanda yachibadwa yosinthira madzi yayambiranso madzi akakhala oyera powaona

Madontho pa zinthu: siyanitsani maonekedwe ndi utoto wosungunuka

Ma seam a silicone ayang'anidwa; mtundu wabuluu wokhalitsa walandiridwa ngati wa maonekedwe okha ngati mayeso a madzi ali bwino
Zokongoletsa zokhala ndi timabowo ndi nkhuni zayang'anidwa ngati zikutulutsa utoto; zinthu zomwe zikutulutsa utoto zaviikidwa ndi kuchapidwa padera
Ma sponge a filter ndi tubing zadziwika kuti zadetsedwa koma zasiyidwa zikugwirabe ntchito
Magolovesi agwiritsidwa ntchito pogwira media zonse zomwe zanyowa ndi utoto

Kusefera: bwezeretsani kuchotsa kwa mankhwala, tsimikizirani biological function

Carbon yakale kapena yomwe inakhudzidwa ndi chithandizo yatayidwa, carbon yatsopano yaikidwa mlingo womaliza ukatha
Mechanical filtration yatsimikiziridwa kuti inagwira ntchito nthawi yonse; biological media yasungidwa, osasinthidwa chifukwa cha mtundu
Ammonia ndi nitrite zayesedwa tsiku lililonse mpaka zonse zikhale pa zero pamene kudyetsa kuli kwachibadwa
Kukwera kulikonse kwa ammonia kapena nitrite kwayankhidwa ndi kusintha madzi molingana ndi zotsatira za mayeso ndi kuchepetsa kudyetsa Tsatirani mndandandawu motsatira dongosolo lake, ndipo lolani gulu lililonse limalize potengera umboni wake. Gulu la madzi likamalizidwa, utoto wachoka. Gulu la kusefera likakhalabe pa zero, biofilter yabwezeretsedwa. Nsomba zikakhalabe zopanda zizindikiro, chithandizo chagwira ntchito. Malo atatu omalizira, lililonse lili ndi umboni wake.